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wget

WGET(1) 			   GNU Wget			       WGET(1)



NAME
       Wget - The non-interactive network downloader.

SYNOPSIS
       wget [option]... [URL]...

DESCRIPTION
       GNU Wget is a free utility for non-interactive download of files from
       the Web.  It supports HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP protocols, as well as
       retrieval through HTTP proxies.

       Wget is non-interactive, meaning that it can work in the background,
       while the user is not logged on.  This allows you to start a retrieval
       and disconnect from the system, letting Wget finish the work.  By con-
       trast, most of the Web browsers require constant user's presence, which
       can be a great hindrance when transferring a lot of data.

       Wget can follow links in HTML and XHTML pages and create local versions
       of remote web sites, fully recreating the directory structure of the
       original site.  This is sometimes referred to as ``recursive download-
       ing.''  While doing that, Wget respects the Robot Exclusion Standard
       (/robots.txt).  Wget can be instructed to convert the links in down-
       loaded HTML files to the local files for offline viewing.

       Wget has been designed for robustness over slow or unstable network
       connections; if a download fails due to a network problem, it will keep
       retrying until the whole file has been retrieved.  If the server sup-
       ports regetting, it will instruct the server to continue the download
       from where it left off.

OPTIONS
       Option Syntax

       Since Wget uses GNU getopt to process command-line arguments, every
       option has a long form along with the short one.  Long options are more
       convenient to remember, but take time to type.  You may freely mix dif-
       ferent option styles, or specify options after the command-line argu-
       ments.  Thus you may write:

	       wget -r --tries=10 http://fly.srk.fer.hr/ -o log

       The space between the option accepting an argument and the argument may
       be omitted.  Instead -o log you can write -olog.

       You may put several options that do not require arguments together,
       like:

	       wget -drc 

       This is a complete equivalent of:

	       wget -d -r -c 

       Since the options can be specified after the arguments, you may termi-
       nate them with --.  So the following will try to download URL -x,
       reporting failure to log:

	       wget -o log -- -x

       The options that accept comma-separated lists all respect the conven-
       tion that specifying an empty list clears its value.  This can be use-
       ful to clear the .wgetrc settings.  For instance, if your .wgetrc sets
       "exclude_directories" to /cgi-bin, the following example will first
       reset it, and then set it to exclude /~nobody and /~somebody.  You can
       also clear the lists in .wgetrc.

	       wget -X '' -X /~nobody,/~somebody

       Most options that do not accept arguments are boolean options, so named
       because their state can be captured with a yes-or-no (``boolean'')
       variable.  For example, --follow-ftp tells Wget to follow FTP links
       from HTML files and, on the other hand, --no-glob tells it not to per-
       form file globbing on FTP URLs.	A boolean option is either affirmative
       or negative (beginning with --no).  All such options share several
       properties.

       Unless stated otherwise, it is assumed that the default behavior is the
       opposite of what the option accomplishes.  For example, the documented
       existence of --follow-ftp assumes that the default is to not follow FTP
       links from HTML pages.

       Affirmative options can be negated by prepending the --no- to the
       option name; negative options can be negated by omitting the --no- pre-
       fix.  This might seem superfluous---if the default for an affirmative
       option is to not do something, then why provide a way to explicitly
       turn it off?  But the startup file may in fact change the default.  For
       instance, using "follow_ftp = off" in .wgetrc makes Wget not follow FTP
       links by default, and using --no-follow-ftp is the only way to restore
       the factory default from the command line.

       Basic Startup Options


       -V
       --version
	   Display the version of Wget.

       -h
       --help
	   Print a help message describing all of Wget's command-line options.

       -b
       --background
	   Go to background immediately after startup.	If no output file is
	   specified via the -o, output is redirected to wget-log.

       -e command
       --execute command
	   Execute command as if it were a part of .wgetrc.  A command thus
	   invoked will be executed after the commands in .wgetrc, thus taking
	   precedence over them.  If you need to specify more than one wgetrc
	   command, use multiple instances of -e.

       Logging and Input File Options


       -o logfile
       --output-file=logfile
	   Log all messages to logfile.  The messages are normally reported to
	   standard error.

       -a logfile
       --append-output=logfile
	   Append to logfile.  This is the same as -o, only it appends to log-
	   file instead of overwriting the old log file.  If logfile does not
	   exist, a new file is created.

       -d
       --debug
	   Turn on debug output, meaning various information important to the
	   developers of Wget if it does not work properly.  Your system
	   administrator may have chosen to compile Wget without debug sup-
	   port, in which case -d will not work.  Please note that compiling
	   with debug support is always safe---Wget compiled with the debug
	   support will not print any debug info unless requested with -d.

       -q
       --quiet
	   Turn off Wget's output.

       -v
       --verbose
	   Turn on verbose output, with all the available data.  The default
	   output is verbose.

       -nv
       --no-verbose
	   Turn off verbose without being completely quiet (use -q for that),
	   which means that error messages and basic information still get
	   printed.

       -i file
       --input-file=file
	   Read URLs from file.  If - is specified as file, URLs are read from
	   the standard input.	(Use ./- to read from a file literally named
	   -.)

	   If this function is used, no URLs need be present on the command
	   line.  If there are URLs both on the command line and in an input
	   file, those on the command lines will be the first ones to be
	   retrieved.  The file need not be an HTML document (but no harm if
	   it is)---it is enough if the URLs are just listed sequentially.

	   However, if you specify --force-html, the document will be regarded
	   as html.  In that case you may have problems with relative links,
	   which you can solve either by adding "" to the
	   documents or by specifying --base=url on the command line.

       -F
       --force-html
	   When input is read from a file, force it to be treated as an HTML
	   file.  This enables you to retrieve relative links from existing
	   HTML files on your local disk, by adding "" to
	   HTML, or using the --base command-line option.

       -B URL
       --base=URL
	   Prepends URL to relative links read from the file specified with
	   the -i option.

       Download Options


       --bind-address=ADDRESS
	   When making client TCP/IP connections, bind to ADDRESS on the local
	   machine.  ADDRESS may be specified as a hostname or IP address.
	   This option can be useful if your machine is bound to multiple IPs.

       -t number
       --tries=number
	   Set number of retries to number.  Specify 0 or inf for infinite
	   retrying.  The default is to retry 20 times, with the exception of
	   fatal errors like ``connection refused'' or ``not found'' (404),
	   which are not retried.

       -O file
       --output-document=file
	   The documents will not be written to the appropriate files, but all
	   will be concatenated together and written to file.  If - is used as
	   file, documents will be printed to standard output, disabling link
	   conversion.	(Use ./- to print to a file literally named -.)

	   Note that a combination with -k is only well-defined for download-
	   ing a single document.

       -nc
       --no-clobber
	   If a file is downloaded more than once in the same directory,
	   Wget's behavior depends on a few options, including -nc.  In cer-
	   tain cases, the local file will be clobbered, or overwritten, upon
	   repeated download.  In other cases it will be preserved.

	   When running Wget without -N, -nc, or -r, downloading the same file
	   in the same directory will result in the original copy of file
	   being preserved and the second copy being named file.1.  If that
	   file is downloaded yet again, the third copy will be named file.2,
	   and so on.  When -nc is specified, this behavior is suppressed, and
	   Wget will refuse to download newer copies of file.  Therefore,
	   ``"no-clobber"'' is actually a misnomer in this mode---it's not
	   clobbering that's prevented (as the numeric suffixes were already
	   preventing clobbering), but rather the multiple version saving
	   that's prevented.

	   When running Wget with -r, but without -N or -nc, re-downloading a
	   file will result in the new copy simply overwriting the old.
	   Adding -nc will prevent this behavior, instead causing the original
	   version to be preserved and any newer copies on the server to be
	   ignored.

	   When running Wget with -N, with or without -r, the decision as to
	   whether or not to download a newer copy of a file depends on the
	   local and remote timestamp and size of the file.  -nc may not be
	   specified at the same time as -N.

	   Note that when -nc is specified, files with the suffixes .html or
	   .htm will be loaded from the local disk and parsed as if they had
	   been retrieved from the Web.

       -c
       --continue
	   Continue getting a partially-downloaded file.  This is useful when
	   you want to finish up a download started by a previous instance of
	   Wget, or by another program.  For instance:

		   wget -c ftp://sunsite.doc.ic.ac.uk/ls-lR.Z

	   If there is a file named ls-lR.Z in the current directory, Wget
	   will assume that it is the first portion of the remote file, and
	   will ask the server to continue the retrieval from an offset equal
	   to the length of the local file.

	   Note that you don't need to specify this option if you just want
	   the current invocation of Wget to retry downloading a file should
	   the connection be lost midway through.  This is the default behav-
	   ior.  -c only affects resumption of downloads started prior to this
	   invocation of Wget, and whose local files are still sitting around.

	   Without -c, the previous example would just download the remote
	   file to ls-lR.Z.1, leaving the truncated ls-lR.Z file alone.

	   Beginning with Wget 1.7, if you use -c on a non-empty file, and it
	   turns out that the server does not support continued downloading,
	   Wget will refuse to start the download from scratch, which would
	   effectively ruin existing contents.	If you really want the down-
	   load to start from scratch, remove the file.

	   Also beginning with Wget 1.7, if you use -c on a file which is of
	   equal size as the one on the server, Wget will refuse to download
	   the file and print an explanatory message.  The same happens when
	   the file is smaller on the server than locally (presumably because
	   it was changed on the server since your last download
	   attempt)---because ``continuing'' is not meaningful, no download
	   occurs.

	   On the other side of the coin, while using -c, any file that's big-
	   ger on the server than locally will be considered an incomplete
	   download and only "(length(remote) - length(local))" bytes will be
	   downloaded and tacked onto the end of the local file.  This behav-
	   ior can be desirable in certain cases---for instance, you can use
	   wget -c to download just the new portion that's been appended to a
	   data collection or log file.

	   However, if the file is bigger on the server because it's been
	   changed, as opposed to just appended to, you'll end up with a gar-
	   bled file.  Wget has no way of verifying that the local file is
	   really a valid prefix of the remote file.  You need to be espe-
	   cially careful of this when using -c in conjunction with -r, since
	   every file will be considered as an "incomplete download" candi-
	   date.

	   Another instance where you'll get a garbled file if you try to use
	   -c is if you have a lame HTTP proxy that inserts a ``transfer
	   interrupted'' string into the local file.  In the future a ``roll-
	   back'' option may be added to deal with this case.

	   Note that -c only works with FTP servers and with HTTP servers that
	   support the "Range" header.

       --progress=type
	   Select the type of the progress indicator you wish to use.  Legal
	   indicators are ``dot'' and ``bar''.

	   The ``bar'' indicator is used by default.  It draws an ASCII
	   progress bar graphics (a.k.a ``thermometer'' display) indicating
	   the status of retrieval.  If the output is not a TTY, the ``dot''
	   bar will be used by default.

	   Use --progress=dot to switch to the ``dot'' display.  It traces the
	   retrieval by printing dots on the screen, each dot representing a
	   fixed amount of downloaded data.

	   When using the dotted retrieval, you may also set the style by
	   specifying the type as dot:style.  Different styles assign differ-
	   ent meaning to one dot.  With the "default" style each dot repre-
	   sents 1K, there are ten dots in a cluster and 50 dots in a line.
	   The "binary" style has a more ``computer''-like orientation---8K
	   dots, 16-dots clusters and 48 dots per line (which makes for 384K
	   lines).  The "mega" style is suitable for downloading very large
	   files---each dot represents 64K retrieved, there are eight dots in
	   a cluster, and 48 dots on each line (so each line contains 3M).

	   Note that you can set the default style using the "progress" com-
	   mand in .wgetrc.  That setting may be overridden from the command
	   line.  The exception is that, when the output is not a TTY, the
	   ``dot'' progress will be favored over ``bar''.  To force the bar
	   output, use --progress=bar:force.

       -N
       --timestamping
	   Turn on time-stamping.

       -S
       --server-response
	   Print the headers sent by HTTP servers and responses sent by FTP
	   servers.

       --spider
	   When invoked with this option, Wget will behave as a Web spider,
	   which means that it will not download the pages, just check that
	   they are there.  For example, you can use Wget to check your book-
	   marks:

		   wget --spider --force-html -i bookmarks.html

	   This feature needs much more work for Wget to get close to the
	   functionality of real web spiders.

       -T seconds
       --timeout=seconds
	   Set the network timeout to seconds seconds.	This is equivalent to
	   specifying --dns-timeout, --connect-timeout, and --read-timeout,
	   all at the same time.

	   When interacting with the network, Wget can check for timeout and
	   abort the operation if it takes too long.  This prevents anomalies
	   like hanging reads and infinite connects.  The only timeout enabled
	   by default is a 900-second read timeout.  Setting a timeout to 0
	   disables it altogether.  Unless you know what you are doing, it is
	   best not to change the default timeout settings.

	   All timeout-related options accept decimal values, as well as sub-
	   second values.  For example, 0.1 seconds is a legal (though unwise)
	   choice of timeout.  Subsecond timeouts are useful for checking
	   server response times or for testing network latency.

       --dns-timeout=seconds
	   Set the DNS lookup timeout to seconds seconds.  DNS lookups that
	   don't complete within the specified time will fail.	By default,
	   there is no timeout on DNS lookups, other than that implemented by
	   system libraries.

       --connect-timeout=seconds
	   Set the connect timeout to seconds seconds.	TCP connections that
	   take longer to establish will be aborted.  By default, there is no
	   connect timeout, other than that implemented by system libraries.

       --read-timeout=seconds
	   Set the read (and write) timeout to seconds seconds.  The ``time''
	   of this timeout refers idle time: if, at any point in the download,
	   no data is received for more than the specified number of seconds,
	   reading fails and the download is restarted.  This option does not
	   directly affect the duration of the entire download.

	   Of course, the remote server may choose to terminate the connection
	   sooner than this option requires.  The default read timeout is 900
	   seconds.

       --limit-rate=amount
	   Limit the download speed to amount bytes per second.  Amount may be
	   expressed in bytes, kilobytes with the k suffix, or megabytes with
	   the m suffix.  For example, --limit-rate=20k will limit the
	   retrieval rate to 20KB/s.  This is useful when, for whatever rea-
	   son, you don't want Wget to consume the entire available bandwidth.

	   This option allows the use of decimal numbers, usually in conjunc-
	   tion with power suffixes; for example, --limit-rate=2.5k is a legal
	   value.

	   Note that Wget implements the limiting by sleeping the appropriate
	   amount of time after a network read that took less time than speci-
	   fied by the rate.  Eventually this strategy causes the TCP transfer
	   to slow down to approximately the specified rate.  However, it may
	   take some time for this balance to be achieved, so don't be sur-
	   prised if limiting the rate doesn't work well with very small
	   files.

       -w seconds
       --wait=seconds
	   Wait the specified number of seconds between the retrievals.  Use
	   of this option is recommended, as it lightens the server load by
	   making the requests less frequent.  Instead of in seconds, the time
	   can be specified in minutes using the "m" suffix, in hours using
	   "h" suffix, or in days using "d" suffix.

	   Specifying a large value for this option is useful if the network
	   or the destination host is down, so that Wget can wait long enough
	   to reasonably expect the network error to be fixed before the
	   retry.

       --waitretry=seconds
	   If you don't want Wget to wait between every retrieval, but only
	   between retries of failed downloads, you can use this option.  Wget
	   will use linear backoff, waiting 1 second after the first failure
	   on a given file, then waiting 2 seconds after the second failure on
	   that file, up to the maximum number of seconds you specify.	There-
	   fore, a value of 10 will actually make Wget wait up to (1 + 2 + ...
	   + 10) = 55 seconds per file.

	   Note that this option is turned on by default in the global wgetrc
	   file.

       --random-wait
	   Some web sites may perform log analysis to identify retrieval pro-
	   grams such as Wget by looking for statistically significant simi-
	   larities in the time between requests. This option causes the time
	   between requests to vary between 0 and 2 * wait seconds, where wait
	   was specified using the --wait option, in order to mask Wget's
	   presence from such analysis.

	   A recent article in a publication devoted to development on a popu-
	   lar consumer platform provided code to perform this analysis on the
	   fly.  Its author suggested blocking at the class C address level to
	   ensure automated retrieval programs were blocked despite changing
	   DHCP-supplied addresses.

	   The --random-wait option was inspired by this ill-advised recommen-
	   dation to block many unrelated users from a web site due to the
	   actions of one.

       --no-proxy
	   Don't use proxies, even if the appropriate *_proxy environment
	   variable is defined.

	   For more information about the use of proxies with Wget,

       -Q quota
       --quota=quota
	   Specify download quota for automatic retrievals.  The value can be
	   specified in bytes (default), kilobytes (with k suffix), or
	   megabytes (with m suffix).

	   Note that quota will never affect downloading a single file.  So if
	   you specify wget -Q10k ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/ls-lR.gz, all of
	   the ls-lR.gz will be downloaded.  The same goes even when several
	   URLs are specified on the command-line.  However, quota is
	   respected when retrieving either recursively, or from an input
	   file.  Thus you may safely type wget -Q2m -i sites---download will
	   be aborted when the quota is exceeded.

	   Setting quota to 0 or to inf unlimits the download quota.

       --no-dns-cache
	   Turn off caching of DNS lookups.  Normally, Wget remembers the IP
	   addresses it looked up from DNS so it doesn't have to repeatedly
	   contact the DNS server for the same (typically small) set of hosts
	   it retrieves from.  This cache exists in memory only; a new Wget
	   run will contact DNS again.

	   However, it has been reported that in some situations it is not
	   desirable to cache host names, even for the duration of a short-
	   running application like Wget.  With this option Wget issues a new
	   DNS lookup (more precisely, a new call to "gethostbyname" or
	   "getaddrinfo") each time it makes a new connection.	Please note
	   that this option will not affect caching that might be performed by
	   the resolving library or by an external caching layer, such as
	   NSCD.

	   If you don't understand exactly what this option does, you probably
	   won't need it.

       --restrict-file-names=mode
	   Change which characters found in remote URLs may show up in local
	   file names generated from those URLs.  Characters that are
	   restricted by this option are escaped, i.e. replaced with %HH,
	   where HH is the hexadecimal number that corresponds to the
	   restricted character.

	   By default, Wget escapes the characters that are not valid as part
	   of file names on your operating system, as well as control charac-
	   ters that are typically unprintable.  This option is useful for
	   changing these defaults, either because you are downloading to a
	   non-native partition, or because you want to disable escaping of
	   the control characters.

	   When mode is set to ``unix'', Wget escapes the character / and the
	   control characters in the ranges 0--31 and 128--159.  This is the
	   default on Unix-like OS'es.

	   When mode is set to ``windows'', Wget escapes the characters \, |,
	   /, :, ?, ", *, <, >, and the control characters in the ranges 0--31
	   and 128--159.  In addition to this, Wget in Windows mode uses +
	   instead of : to separate host and port in local file names, and
	   uses @ instead of ? to separate the query portion of the file name
	   from the rest.  Therefore, a URL that would be saved as
	   www.xemacs.org:4300/search.pl?input=blah in Unix mode would be
	   saved as www.xemacs.org+4300/search.pl@input=blah in Windows mode.
	   This mode is the default on Windows.

	   If you append ,nocontrol to the mode, as in unix,nocontrol, escap-
	   ing of the control characters is also switched off.	You can use
	   --restrict-file-names=nocontrol to turn off escaping of control
	   characters without affecting the choice of the OS to use as file
	   name restriction mode.

       -4
       --inet4-only
       -6
       --inet6-only
	   Force connecting to IPv4 or IPv6 addresses.	With --inet4-only or
	   -4, Wget will only connect to IPv4 hosts, ignoring AAAA records in
	   DNS, and refusing to connect to IPv6 addresses specified in URLs.
	   Conversely, with --inet6-only or -6, Wget will only connect to IPv6
	   hosts and ignore A records and IPv4 addresses.

	   Neither options should be needed normally.  By default, an
	   IPv6-aware Wget will use the address family specified by the host's
	   DNS record.	If the DNS responds with both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
	   Wget will them in sequence until it finds one it can connect to.
	   (Also see "--prefer-family" option described below.)

	   These options can be used to deliberately force the use of IPv4 or
	   IPv6 address families on dual family systems, usually to aid debug-
	   ging or to deal with broken network configuration.  Only one of
	   --inet6-only and --inet4-only may be specified at the same time.
	   Neither option is available in Wget compiled without IPv6 support.

       --prefer-family=IPv4/IPv6/none
	   When given a choice of several addresses, connect to the addresses
	   with specified address family first.  IPv4 addresses are preferred
	   by default.

	   This avoids spurious errors and connect attempts when accessing
	   hosts that resolve to both IPv6 and IPv4 addresses from IPv4 net-
	   works.  For example, www.kame.net resolves to
	   2001:200:0:8002:203:47ff:fea5:3085 and to 203.178.141.194.  When
	   the preferred family is "IPv4", the IPv4 address is used first;
	   when the preferred family is "IPv6", the IPv6 address is used
	   first; if the specified value is "none", the address order returned
	   by DNS is used without change.

	   Unlike -4 and -6, this option doesn't inhibit access to any address
	   family, it only changes the order in which the addresses are
	   accessed.  Also note that the reordering performed by this option
	   is stable---it doesn't affect order of addresses of the same fam-
	   ily.  That is, the relative order of all IPv4 addresses and of all
	   IPv6 addresses remains intact in all cases.

       --retry-connrefused
	   Consider ``connection refused'' a transient error and try again.
	   Normally Wget gives up on a URL when it is unable to connect to the
	   site because failure to connect is taken as a sign that the server
	   is not running at all and that retries would not help.  This option
	   is for mirroring unreliable sites whose servers tend to disappear
	   for short periods of time.

       --user=user
       --password=password
	   Specify the username user and password password for both FTP and
	   HTTP file retrieval.  These parameters can be overridden using the
	   --ftp-user and --ftp-password options for FTP connections and the
	   --http-user and --http-password options for HTTP connections.

       Directory Options


       -nd
       --no-directories
	   Do not create a hierarchy of directories when retrieving recur-
	   sively.  With this option turned on, all files will get saved to
	   the current directory, without clobbering (if a name shows up more
	   than once, the filenames will get extensions .n).

       -x
       --force-directories
	   The opposite of -nd---create a hierarchy of directories, even if
	   one would not have been created otherwise.  E.g. wget -x
	   http://fly.srk.fer.hr/robots.txt will save the downloaded file to
	   fly.srk.fer.hr/robots.txt.

       -nH
       --no-host-directories
	   Disable generation of host-prefixed directories.  By default,
	   invoking Wget with -r http://fly.srk.fer.hr/ will create a struc-
	   ture of directories beginning with fly.srk.fer.hr/.	This option
	   disables such behavior.

       --protocol-directories
	   Use the protocol name as a directory component of local file names.
	   For example, with this option, wget -r http://host will save to
	   http/host/... rather than just to host/....

       --cut-dirs=number
	   Ignore number directory components.	This is useful for getting a
	   fine-grained control over the directory where recursive retrieval
	   will be saved.

	   Take, for example, the directory at
	   ftp://ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/.  If you retrieve it with -r, it
	   will be saved locally under ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/.  While the
	   -nH option can remove the ftp.xemacs.org/ part, you are still stuck
	   with pub/xemacs.  This is where --cut-dirs comes in handy; it makes
	   Wget not ``see'' number remote directory components.  Here are sev-
	   eral examples of how --cut-dirs option works.

		   No options	     -> ftp.xemacs.org/pub/xemacs/
		   -nH		     -> pub/xemacs/
		   -nH --cut-dirs=1  -> xemacs/
		   -nH --cut-dirs=2  -> .

		   --cut-dirs=1      -> ftp.xemacs.org/xemacs/
		   ...

	   If you just want to get rid of the directory structure, this option
	   is similar to a combination of -nd and -P.  However, unlike -nd,
	   --cut-dirs does not lose with subdirectories---for instance, with
	   -nH --cut-dirs=1, a beta/ subdirectory will be placed to
	   xemacs/beta, as one would expect.

       -P prefix
       --directory-prefix=prefix
	   Set directory prefix to prefix.  The directory prefix is the direc-
	   tory where all other files and subdirectories will be saved to,
	   i.e. the top of the retrieval tree.	The default is . (the current
	   directory).

       HTTP Options


       -E
       --html-extension
	   If a file of type application/xhtml+xml or text/html is downloaded
	   and the URL does not end with the regexp \.[Hh][Tt][Mm][Ll]?, this
	   option will cause the suffix .html to be appended to the local
	   filename.  This is useful, for instance, when you're mirroring a
	   remote site that uses .asp pages, but you want the mirrored pages
	   to be viewable on your stock Apache server.	Another good use for
	   this is when you're downloading CGI-generated materials.  A URL
	   like http://site.com/article.cgi?25 will be saved as arti-
	   cle.cgi?25.html.

	   Note that filenames changed in this way will be re-downloaded every
	   time you re-mirror a site, because Wget can't tell that the local
	   X.html file corresponds to remote URL X (since it doesn't yet know
	   that the URL produces output of type text/html or applica-
	   tion/xhtml+xml.  To prevent this re-downloading, you must use -k
	   and -K so that the original version of the file will be saved as
	   X.orig.

       --http-user=user
       --http-password=password
	   Specify the username user and password password on an HTTP server.
	   According to the type of the challenge, Wget will encode them using
	   either the "basic" (insecure) or the "digest" authentication
	   scheme.

	   Another way to specify username and password is in the URL itself.
	   Either method reveals your password to anyone who bothers to run
	   "ps".  To prevent the passwords from being seen, store them in
	   .wgetrc or .netrc, and make sure to protect those files from other
	   users with "chmod".	If the passwords are really important, do not
	   leave them lying in those files either---edit the files and delete
	   them after Wget has started the download.

       --no-cache
	   Disable server-side cache.  In this case, Wget will send the remote
	   server an appropriate directive (Pragma: no-cache) to get the file
	   from the remote service, rather than returning the cached version.
	   This is especially useful for retrieving and flushing out-of-date
	   documents on proxy servers.

	   Caching is allowed by default.

       --no-cookies
	   Disable the use of cookies.	Cookies are a mechanism for maintain-
	   ing server-side state.  The server sends the client a cookie using
	   the "Set-Cookie" header, and the client responds with the same
	   cookie upon further requests.  Since cookies allow the server own-
	   ers to keep track of visitors and for sites to exchange this infor-
	   mation, some consider them a breach of privacy.  The default is to
	   use cookies; however, storing cookies is not on by default.

       --load-cookies file
	   Load cookies from file before the first HTTP retrieval.  file is a
	   textual file in the format originally used by Netscape's cook-
	   ies.txt file.

	   You will typically use this option when mirroring sites that
	   require that you be logged in to access some or all of their con-
	   tent.  The login process typically works by the web server issuing
	   an HTTP cookie upon receiving and verifying your credentials.  The
	   cookie is then resent by the browser when accessing that part of
	   the site, and so proves your identity.

	   Mirroring such a site requires Wget to send the same cookies your
	   browser sends when communicating with the site.  This is achieved
	   by --load-cookies---simply point Wget to the location of the cook-
	   ies.txt file, and it will send the same cookies your browser would
	   send in the same situation.	Different browsers keep textual cookie
	   files in different locations:

	   Netscape 4.x.
	       The cookies are in ~/.netscape/cookies.txt.

	   Mozilla and Netscape 6.x.
	       Mozilla's cookie file is also named cookies.txt, located some-
	       where under ~/.mozilla, in the directory of your profile.  The
	       full path usually ends up looking somewhat like
	       ~/.mozilla/default/some-weird-string/cookies.txt.

	   Internet Explorer.
	       You can produce a cookie file Wget can use by using the File
	       menu, Import and Export, Export Cookies.  This has been tested
	       with Internet Explorer 5; it is not guaranteed to work with
	       earlier versions.

	   Other browsers.
	       If you are using a different browser to create your cookies,
	       --load-cookies will only work if you can locate or produce a
	       cookie file in the Netscape format that Wget expects.

	   If you cannot use --load-cookies, there might still be an alterna-
	   tive.  If your browser supports a ``cookie manager'', you can use
	   it to view the cookies used when accessing the site you're mirror-
	   ing.  Write down the name and value of the cookie, and manually
	   instruct Wget to send those cookies, bypassing the ``official''
	   cookie support:

		   wget --no-cookies --header "Cookie: ="

       --save-cookies file
	   Save cookies to file before exiting.  This will not save cookies
	   that have expired or that have no expiry time (so-called ``session
	   cookies''), but also see --keep-session-cookies.

       --keep-session-cookies
	   When specified, causes --save-cookies to also save session cookies.
	   Session cookies are normally not saved because they are meant to be
	   kept in memory and forgotten when you exit the browser.  Saving
	   them is useful on sites that require you to log in or to visit the
	   home page before you can access some pages.	With this option, mul-
	   tiple Wget runs are considered a single browser session as far as
	   the site is concerned.

	   Since the cookie file format does not normally carry session cook-
	   ies, Wget marks them with an expiry timestamp of 0.	Wget's
	   --load-cookies recognizes those as session cookies, but it might
	   confuse other browsers.  Also note that cookies so loaded will be
	   treated as other session cookies, which means that if you want
	   --save-cookies to preserve them again, you must use --keep-ses-
	   sion-cookies again.

       --ignore-length
	   Unfortunately, some HTTP servers (CGI programs, to be more precise)
	   send out bogus "Content-Length" headers, which makes Wget go wild,
	   as it thinks not all the document was retrieved.  You can spot this
	   syndrome if Wget retries getting the same document again and again,
	   each time claiming that the (otherwise normal) connection has
	   closed on the very same byte.

	   With this option, Wget will ignore the "Content-Length" header---as
	   if it never existed.

       --header=header-line
	   Send header-line along with the rest of the headers in each HTTP
	   request.  The supplied header is sent as-is, which means it must
	   contain name and value separated by colon, and must not contain
	   newlines.

	   You may define more than one additional header by specifying
	   --header more than once.

		   wget --header='Accept-Charset: iso-8859-2' \
			--header='Accept-Language: hr'	      \
			  http://fly.srk.fer.hr/

	   Specification of an empty string as the header value will clear all
	   previous user-defined headers.

	   As of Wget 1.10, this option can be used to override headers other-
	   wise generated automatically.  This example instructs Wget to con-
	   nect to localhost, but to specify foo.bar in the "Host" header:

		   wget --header="Host: foo.bar" http://localhost/

	   In versions of Wget prior to 1.10 such use of --header caused send-
	   ing of duplicate headers.

       --proxy-user=user
       --proxy-password=password
	   Specify the username user and password password for authentication
	   on a proxy server.  Wget will encode them using the "basic" authen-
	   tication scheme.

	   Security considerations similar to those with --http-password per-
	   tain here as well.

       --referer=url
	   Include `Referer: url' header in HTTP request.  Useful for retriev-
	   ing documents with server-side processing that assume they are
	   always being retrieved by interactive web browsers and only come
	   out properly when Referer is set to one of the pages that point to
	   them.

       --save-headers
	   Save the headers sent by the HTTP server to the file, preceding the
	   actual contents, with an empty line as the separator.

       -U agent-string
       --user-agent=agent-string
	   Identify as agent-string to the HTTP server.

	   The HTTP protocol allows the clients to identify themselves using a
	   "User-Agent" header field.  This enables distinguishing the WWW
	   software, usually for statistical purposes or for tracing of proto-
	   col violations.  Wget normally identifies as Wget/version, version
	   being the current version number of Wget.

	   However, some sites have been known to impose the policy of tailor-
	   ing the output according to the "User-Agent"-supplied information.
	   While this is not such a bad idea in theory, it has been abused by
	   servers denying information to clients other than (historically)
	   Netscape or, more frequently, Microsoft Internet Explorer.  This
	   option allows you to change the "User-Agent" line issued by Wget.
	   Use of this option is discouraged, unless you really know what you
	   are doing.

	   Specifying empty user agent with --user-agent="" instructs Wget not
	   to send the "User-Agent" header in HTTP requests.

       --post-data=string
       --post-file=file
	   Use POST as the method for all HTTP requests and send the specified
	   data in the request body.  "--post-data" sends string as data,
	   whereas "--post-file" sends the contents of file.  Other than that,
	   they work in exactly the same way.

	   Please be aware that Wget needs to know the size of the POST data
	   in advance.	Therefore the argument to "--post-file" must be a reg-
	   ular file; specifying a FIFO or something like /dev/stdin won't
	   work.  It's not quite clear how to work around this limitation
	   inherent in HTTP/1.0.  Although HTTP/1.1 introduces chunked trans-
	   fer that doesn't require knowing the request length in advance, a
	   client can't use chunked unless it knows it's talking to an
	   HTTP/1.1 server.  And it can't know that until it receives a
	   response, which in turn requires the request to have been completed
	   -- a chicken-and-egg problem.

	   Note: if Wget is redirected after the POST request is completed, it
	   will not send the POST data to the redirected URL.  This is because
	   URLs that process POST often respond with a redirection to a regu-
	   lar page, which does not desire or accept POST.  It is not com-
	   pletely clear that this behavior is optimal; if it doesn't work
	   out, it might be changed in the future.

	   This example shows how to log to a server using POST and then pro-
	   ceed to download the desired pages, presumably only accessible to
	   authorized users:

		   # Log in to the server.  This can be done only once.
		   wget --save-cookies cookies.txt \
			--post-data 'user=foo&password=bar' \
			http://server.com/auth.php

		   # Now grab the page or pages we care about.
		   wget --load-cookies cookies.txt \
			-p http://server.com/interesting/article.php

	   If the server is using session cookies to track user authentica-
	   tion, the above will not work because --save-cookies will not save
	   them (and neither will browsers) and the cookies.txt file will be
	   empty.  In that case use --keep-session-cookies along with
	   --save-cookies to force saving of session cookies.

       HTTPS (SSL/TLS) Options

       To support encrypted HTTP (HTTPS) downloads, Wget must be compiled with
       an external SSL library, currently OpenSSL.  If Wget is compiled with-
       out SSL support, none of these options are available.

       --secure-protocol=protocol
	   Choose the secure protocol to be used.  Legal values are auto,
	   SSLv2, SSLv3, and TLSv1.  If auto is used, the SSL library is given
	   the liberty of choosing the appropriate protocol automatically,
	   which is achieved by sending an SSLv2 greeting and announcing sup-
	   port for SSLv3 and TLSv1.  This is the default.

	   Specifying SSLv2, SSLv3, or TLSv1 forces the use of the correspond-
	   ing protocol.  This is useful when talking to old and buggy SSL
	   server implementations that make it hard for OpenSSL to choose the
	   correct protocol version.  Fortunately, such servers are quite
	   rare.

       --no-check-certificate
	   Don't check the server certificate against the available certifi-
	   cate authorities.  Also don't require the URL host name to match
	   the common name presented by the certificate.

	   As of Wget 1.10, the default is to verify the server's certificate
	   against the recognized certificate authorities, breaking the SSL
	   handshake and aborting the download if the verification fails.
	   Although this provides more secure downloads, it does break inter-
	   operability with some sites that worked with previous Wget ver-
	   sions, particularly those using self-signed, expired, or otherwise
	   invalid certificates.  This option forces an ``insecure'' mode of
	   operation that turns the certificate verification errors into warn-
	   ings and allows you to proceed.

	   If you encounter ``certificate verification'' errors or ones saying
	   that ``common name doesn't match requested host name'', you can use
	   this option to bypass the verification and proceed with the down-
	   load.  Only use this option if you are otherwise convinced of the
	   site's authenticity, or if you really don't care about the validity
	   of its certificate.	It is almost always a bad idea not to check
	   the certificates when transmitting confidential or important data.

       --certificate=file
	   Use the client certificate stored in file.  This is needed for
	   servers that are configured to require certificates from the
	   clients that connect to them.  Normally a certificate is not
	   required and this switch is optional.

       --certificate-type=type
	   Specify the type of the client certificate.	Legal values are PEM
	   (assumed by default) and DER, also known as ASN1.

       --private-key=file
	   Read the private key from file.  This allows you to provide the
	   private key in a file separate from the certificate.

       --private-key-type=type
	   Specify the type of the private key.  Accepted values are PEM (the
	   default) and DER.

       --ca-certificate=file
	   Use file as the file with the bundle of certificate authorities
	   (``CA'') to verify the peers.  The certificates must be in PEM for-
	   mat.

	   Without this option Wget looks for CA certificates at the system-
	   specified locations, chosen at OpenSSL installation time.

       --ca-directory=directory
	   Specifies directory containing CA certificates in PEM format.  Each
	   file contains one CA certificate, and the file name is based on a
	   hash value derived from the certificate.  This is achieved by pro-
	   cessing a certificate directory with the "c_rehash" utility sup-
	   plied with OpenSSL.	Using --ca-directory is more efficient than
	   --ca-certificate when many certificates are installed because it
	   allows Wget to fetch certificates on demand.

	   Without this option Wget looks for CA certificates at the system-
	   specified locations, chosen at OpenSSL installation time.

       --random-file=file
	   Use file as the source of random data for seeding the pseudo-random
	   number generator on systems without /dev/random.

	   On such systems the SSL library needs an external source of random-
	   ness to initialize.	Randomness may be provided by EGD (see
	   --egd-file below) or read from an external source specified by the
	   user.  If this option is not specified, Wget looks for random data
	   in $RANDFILE or, if that is unset, in $HOME/.rnd.  If none of those
	   are available, it is likely that SSL encryption will not be usable.

	   If you're getting the ``Could not seed OpenSSL PRNG; disabling
	   SSL.''  error, you should provide random data using some of the
	   methods described above.

       --egd-file=file
	   Use file as the EGD socket.	EGD stands for Entropy Gathering Dae-
	   mon, a user-space program that collects data from various unpre-
	   dictable system sources and makes it available to other programs
	   that might need it.	Encryption software, such as the SSL library,
	   needs sources of non-repeating randomness to seed the random number
	   generator used to produce cryptographically strong keys.

	   OpenSSL allows the user to specify his own source of entropy using
	   the "RAND_FILE" environment variable.  If this variable is unset,
	   or if the specified file does not produce enough randomness,
	   OpenSSL will read random data from EGD socket specified using this
	   option.

	   If this option is not specified (and the equivalent startup command
	   is not used), EGD is never contacted.  EGD is not needed on modern
	   Unix systems that support /dev/random.

       FTP Options


       --ftp-user=user
       --ftp-password=password
	   Specify the username user and password password on an FTP server.
	   Without this, or the corresponding startup option, the password
	   defaults to -wget@, normally used for anonymous FTP.

	   Another way to specify username and password is in the URL itself.
	   Either method reveals your password to anyone who bothers to run
	   "ps".  To prevent the passwords from being seen, store them in
	   .wgetrc or .netrc, and make sure to protect those files from other
	   users with "chmod".	If the passwords are really important, do not
	   leave them lying in those files either---edit the files and delete
	   them after Wget has started the download.

       --no-remove-listing
	   Don't remove the temporary .listing files generated by FTP
	   retrievals.	Normally, these files contain the raw directory list-
	   ings received from FTP servers.  Not removing them can be useful
	   for debugging purposes, or when you want to be able to easily check
	   on the contents of remote server directories (e.g. to verify that a
	   mirror you're running is complete).

	   Note that even though Wget writes to a known filename for this
	   file, this is not a security hole in the scenario of a user making
	   .listing a symbolic link to /etc/passwd or something and asking
	   "root" to run Wget in his or her directory.	Depending on the
	   options used, either Wget will refuse to write to .listing, making
	   the globbing/recursion/time-stamping operation fail, or the sym-
	   bolic link will be deleted and replaced with the actual .listing
	   file, or the listing will be written to a .listing.number file.

	   Even though this situation isn't a problem, though, "root" should
	   never run Wget in a non-trusted user's directory.  A user could do
	   something as simple as linking index.html to /etc/passwd and asking
	   "root" to run Wget with -N or -r so the file will be overwritten.

       --no-glob
	   Turn off FTP globbing.  Globbing refers to the use of shell-like
	   special characters (wildcards), like *, ?, [ and ] to retrieve more
	   than one file from the same directory at once, like:

		   wget ftp://gnjilux.srk.fer.hr/*.msg

	   By default, globbing will be turned on if the URL contains a glob-
	   bing character.  This option may be used to turn globbing on or off
	   permanently.

	   You may have to quote the URL to protect it from being expanded by
	   your shell.	Globbing makes Wget look for a directory listing,
	   which is system-specific.  This is why it currently works only with
	   Unix FTP servers (and the ones emulating Unix "ls" output).

       --no-passive-ftp
	   Disable the use of the passive FTP transfer mode.  Passive FTP man-
	   dates that the client connect to the server to establish the data
	   connection rather than the other way around.

	   If the machine is connected to the Internet directly, both passive
	   and active FTP should work equally well.  Behind most firewall and
	   NAT configurations passive FTP has a better chance of working.
	   However, in some rare firewall configurations, active FTP actually
	   works when passive FTP doesn't.  If you suspect this to be the
	   case, use this option, or set "passive_ftp=off" in your init file.

       --retr-symlinks
	   Usually, when retrieving FTP directories recursively and a symbolic
	   link is encountered, the linked-to file is not downloaded.
	   Instead, a matching symbolic link is created on the local filesys-
	   tem.  The pointed-to file will not be downloaded unless this recur-
	   sive retrieval would have encountered it separately and downloaded
	   it anyway.

	   When --retr-symlinks is specified, however, symbolic links are tra-
	   versed and the pointed-to files are retrieved.  At this time, this
	   option does not cause Wget to traverse symlinks to directories and
	   recurse through them, but in the future it should be enhanced to do
	   this.

	   Note that when retrieving a file (not a directory) because it was
	   specified on the command-line, rather than because it was recursed
	   to, this option has no effect.  Symbolic links are always traversed
	   in this case.

       --no-http-keep-alive
	   Turn off the ``keep-alive'' feature for HTTP downloads.  Normally,
	   Wget asks the server to keep the connection open so that, when you
	   download more than one document from the same server, they get
	   transferred over the same TCP connection.  This saves time and at
	   the same time reduces the load on the server.

	   This option is useful when, for some reason, persistent
	   (keep-alive) connections don't work for you, for example due to a
	   server bug or due to the inability of server-side scripts to cope
	   with the connections.

       Recursive Retrieval Options


       -r
       --recursive
	   Turn on recursive retrieving.

       -l depth
       --level=depth
	   Specify recursion maximum depth level depth.  The default maximum
	   depth is 5.

       --delete-after
	   This option tells Wget to delete every single file it downloads,
	   after having done so.  It is useful for pre-fetching popular pages
	   through a proxy, e.g.:

		   wget -r -nd --delete-after http://whatever.com/~popular/page/

	   The -r option is to retrieve recursively, and -nd to not create
	   directories.

	   Note that --delete-after deletes files on the local machine.  It
	   does not issue the DELE command to remote FTP sites, for instance.
	   Also note that when --delete-after is specified, --convert-links is
	   ignored, so .orig files are simply not created in the first place.

       -k
       --convert-links
	   After the download is complete, convert the links in the document
	   to make them suitable for local viewing.  This affects not only the
	   visible hyperlinks, but any part of the document that links to
	   external content, such as embedded images, links to style sheets,
	   hyperlinks to non-HTML content, etc.

	   Each link will be changed in one of the two ways:

	   *   The links to files that have been downloaded by Wget will be
	       changed to refer to the file they point to as a relative link.

	       Example: if the downloaded file /foo/doc.html links to
	       /bar/img.gif, also downloaded, then the link in doc.html will
	       be modified to point to ../bar/img.gif.	This kind of transfor-
	       mation works reliably for arbitrary combinations of directo-
	       ries.

	   *   The links to files that have not been downloaded by Wget will
	       be changed to include host name and absolute path of the loca-
	       tion they point to.

	       Example: if the downloaded file /foo/doc.html links to
	       /bar/img.gif (or to ../bar/img.gif), then the link in doc.html
	       will be modified to point to http://hostname/bar/img.gif.

	   Because of this, local browsing works reliably: if a linked file
	   was downloaded, the link will refer to its local name; if it was
	   not downloaded, the link will refer to its full Internet address
	   rather than presenting a broken link.  The fact that the former
	   links are converted to relative links ensures that you can move the
	   downloaded hierarchy to another directory.

	   Note that only at the end of the download can Wget know which links
	   have been downloaded.  Because of that, the work done by -k will be
	   performed at the end of all the downloads.

       -K
       --backup-converted
	   When converting a file, back up the original version with a .orig
	   suffix.  Affects the behavior of -N.

       -m
       --mirror
	   Turn on options suitable for mirroring.  This option turns on
	   recursion and time-stamping, sets infinite recursion depth and
	   keeps FTP directory listings.  It is currently equivalent to -r -N
	   -l inf --no-remove-listing.

       -p
       --page-requisites
	   This option causes Wget to download all the files that are neces-
	   sary to properly display a given HTML page.	This includes such
	   things as inlined images, sounds, and referenced stylesheets.

	   Ordinarily, when downloading a single HTML page, any requisite doc-
	   uments that may be needed to display it properly are not down-
	   loaded.  Using -r together with -l can help, but since Wget does
	   not ordinarily distinguish between external and inlined documents,
	   one is generally left with ``leaf documents'' that are missing
	   their requisites.

	   For instance, say document 1.html contains an "" tag referenc-
	   ing 1.gif and an "" tag pointing to external document 2.html.
	   Say that 2.html is similar but that its image is 2.gif and it links
	   to 3.html.  Say this continues up to some arbitrarily high number.

	   If one executes the command:

		   wget -r -l 2 http:///1.html

	   then 1.html, 1.gif, 2.html, 2.gif, and 3.html will be downloaded.
	   As you can see, 3.html is without its requisite 3.gif because Wget
	   is simply counting the number of hops (up to 2) away from 1.html in
	   order to determine where to stop the recursion.  However, with this
	   command:

		   wget -r -l 2 -p http:///1.html

	   all the above files and 3.html's requisite 3.gif will be down-
	   loaded.  Similarly,

		   wget -r -l 1 -p http:///1.html

	   will cause 1.html, 1.gif, 2.html, and 2.gif to be downloaded.  One
	   might think that:

		   wget -r -l 0 -p http:///1.html

	   would download just 1.html and 1.gif, but unfortunately this is not
	   the case, because -l 0 is equivalent to -l inf---that is, infinite
	   recursion.  To download a single HTML page (or a handful of them,
	   all specified on the command-line or in a -i URL input file) and
	   its (or their) requisites, simply leave off -r and -l:

		   wget -p http:///1.html

	   Note that Wget will behave as if -r had been specified, but only
	   that single page and its requisites will be downloaded.  Links from
	   that page to external documents will not be followed.  Actually, to
	   download a single page and all its requisites (even if they exist
	   on separate websites), and make sure the lot displays properly
	   locally, this author likes to use a few options in addition to -p:

		   wget -E -H -k -K -p http:///

	   To finish off this topic, it's worth knowing that Wget's idea of an
	   external document link is any URL specified in an "" tag, an
	   "" tag, or a "" tag other than "".

       --strict-comments
	   Turn on strict parsing of HTML comments.  The default is to termi-
	   nate comments at the first occurrence of -->.

	   According to specifications, HTML comments are expressed as SGML
	   declarations.  Declaration is special markup that begins with <!
	   and ends with >, such as  ...>, that may contain comments
	   between a pair of -- delimiters.  HTML comments are ``empty decla-
	   rations'', SGML declarations without any non-comment text.  There-
	   fore,  is a valid comment, and so is ,
	   but  is not.

	   On the other hand, most HTML writers don't perceive comments as
	   anything other than text delimited with , which is not
	   quite the same.  For example, something like  works
	   as a valid comment as long as the number of dashes is a multiple of
	   four (!).  If not, the comment technically lasts until the next --,
	   which may be at the other end of the document.  Because of this,
	   many popular browsers completely ignore the specification and
	   implement what users have come to expect: comments delimited with
	   .

	   Until version 1.9, Wget interpreted comments strictly, which
	   resulted in missing links in many web pages that displayed fine in
	   browsers, but had the misfortune of containing non-compliant com-
	   ments.  Beginning with version 1.9, Wget has joined the ranks of
	   clients that implements ``naive'' comments, terminating each com-
	   ment at the first occurrence of -->.

	   If, for whatever reason, you want strict comment parsing, use this
	   option to turn it on.

       Recursive Accept/Reject Options


       -A acclist --accept acclist
       -R rejlist --reject rejlist
	   Specify comma-separated lists of file name suffixes or patterns to
	   accept or reject (@pxref{Types of Files} for more details).

       -D domain-list
       --domains=domain-list
	   Set domains to be followed.	domain-list is a comma-separated list
	   of domains.	Note that it does not turn on -H.

       --exclude-domains domain-list
	   Specify the domains that are not to be followed..

       --follow-ftp
	   Follow FTP links from HTML documents.  Without this option, Wget
	   will ignore all the FTP links.

       --follow-tags=list
	   Wget has an internal table of HTML tag / attribute pairs that it
	   considers when looking for linked documents during a recursive
	   retrieval.  If a user wants only a subset of those tags to be con-
	   sidered, however, he or she should be specify such tags in a comma-
	   separated list with this option.

       --ignore-tags=list
	   This is the opposite of the --follow-tags option.  To skip certain
	   HTML tags when recursively looking for documents to download, spec-
	   ify them in a comma-separated list.

	   In the past, this option was the best bet for downloading a single
	   page and its requisites, using a command-line like:

		   wget --ignore-tags=a,area -H -k -K -r http:///

	   However, the author of this option came across a page with tags
	   like "" and came to the realization that
	   specifying tags to ignore was not enough.  One can't just tell Wget
	   to ignore "", because then stylesheets will not be down-
	   loaded.  Now the best bet for downloading a single page and its
	   requisites is the dedicated --page-requisites option.

       -H
       --span-hosts
	   Enable spanning across hosts when doing recursive retrieving.

       -L
       --relative
	   Follow relative links only.	Useful for retrieving a specific home
	   page without any distractions, not even those from the same hosts.

       -I list
       --include-directories=list
	   Specify a comma-separated list of directories you wish to follow
	   when downloading (@pxref{Directory-Based Limits} for more details.)
	   Elements of list may contain wildcards.

       -X list
       --exclude-directories=list
	   Specify a comma-separated list of directories you wish to exclude
	   from download (@pxref{Directory-Based Limits} for more details.)
	   Elements of list may contain wildcards.

       -np
       --no-parent
	   Do not ever ascend to the parent directory when retrieving recur-
	   sively.  This is a useful option, since it guarantees that only the
	   files below a certain hierarchy will be downloaded.

EXAMPLES
       The examples are divided into three sections loosely based on their
       complexity.

       Simple Usage


       o   Say you want to download a URL.  Just type:

		   wget http://fly.srk.fer.hr/

       o   But what will happen if the connection is slow, and the file is
	   lengthy?  The connection will probably fail before the whole file
	   is retrieved, more than once.  In this case, Wget will try getting
	   the file until it either gets the whole of it, or exceeds the
	   default number of retries (this being 20).  It is easy to change
	   the number of tries to 45, to insure that the whole file will
	   arrive safely:

		   wget --tries=45 http://fly.srk.fer.hr/jpg/flyweb.jpg

       o   Now let's leave Wget to work in the background, and write its
	   progress to log file log.  It is tiring to type --tries, so we
	   shall use -t.

		   wget -t 45 -o log http://fly.srk.fer.hr/jpg/flyweb.jpg &

	   The ampersand at the end of the line makes sure that Wget works in
	   the background.  To unlimit the number of retries, use -t inf.

       o   The usage of FTP is as simple.  Wget will take care of login and
	   password.

		   wget ftp://gnjilux.srk.fer.hr/welcome.msg

       o   If you specify a directory, Wget will retrieve the directory list-
	   ing, parse it and convert it to HTML.  Try:

		   wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/
		   links index.html

       Advanced Usage


       o   You have a file that contains the URLs you want to download?  Use
	   the -i switch:

		   wget -i 

	   If you specify - as file name, the URLs will be read from standard
	   input.

       o   Create a five levels deep mirror image of the GNU web site, with
	   the same directory structure the original has, with only one try
	   per document, saving the log of the activities to gnulog:

		   wget -r http://www.gnu.org/ -o gnulog

       o   The same as the above, but convert the links in the HTML files to
	   point to local files, so you can view the documents off-line:

		   wget --convert-links -r http://www.gnu.org/ -o gnulog

       o   Retrieve only one HTML page, but make sure that all the elements
	   needed for the page to be displayed, such as inline images and
	   external style sheets, are also downloaded.	Also make sure the
	   downloaded page references the downloaded links.

		   wget -p --convert-links http://www.server.com/dir/page.html

	   The HTML page will be saved to www.server.com/dir/page.html, and
	   the images, stylesheets, etc., somewhere under www.server.com/,
	   depending on where they were on the remote server.

       o   The same as the above, but without the www.server.com/ directory.
	   In fact, I don't want to have all those random server directories
	   anyway---just save all those files under a download/ subdirectory
	   of the current directory.

		   wget -p --convert-links -nH -nd -Pdownload \
			http://www.server.com/dir/page.html

       o   Retrieve the index.html of www.lycos.com, showing the original
	   server headers:

		   wget -S http://www.lycos.com/

       o   Save the server headers with the file, perhaps for post-processing.

		   wget --save-headers http://www.lycos.com/
		   more index.html

       o   Retrieve the first two levels of wuarchive.wustl.edu, saving them
	   to /tmp.

		   wget -r -l2 -P/tmp ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/

       o   You want to download all the GIFs from a directory on an HTTP
	   server.  You tried wget http://www.server.com/dir/*.gif, but that
	   didn't work because HTTP retrieval does not support globbing.  In
	   that case, use:

		   wget -r -l1 --no-parent -A.gif http://www.server.com/dir/

	   More verbose, but the effect is the same.  -r -l1 means to retrieve
	   recursively, with maximum depth of 1.  --no-parent means that ref-
	   erences to the parent directory are ignored, and -A.gif means to
	   download only the GIF files.  -A "*.gif" would have worked too.

       o   Suppose you were in the middle of downloading, when Wget was inter-
	   rupted.  Now you do not want to clobber the files already present.
	   It would be:

		   wget -nc -r http://www.gnu.org/

       o   If you want to encode your own username and password to HTTP or
	   FTP, use the appropriate URL syntax.

		   wget ftp://hniksic:mypassword@unix.server.com/.emacs

	   Note, however, that this usage is not advisable on multi-user sys-
	   tems because it reveals your password to anyone who looks at the
	   output of "ps".

       o   You would like the output documents to go to standard output
	   instead of to files?

		   wget -O - http://jagor.srce.hr/ http://www.srce.hr/

	   You can also combine the two options and make pipelines to retrieve
	   the documents from remote hotlists:

		   wget -O - http://cool.list.com/ | wget --force-html -i -

       Very Advanced Usage


       o   If you wish Wget to keep a mirror of a page (or FTP subdirecto-
	   ries), use --mirror (-m), which is the shorthand for -r -l inf -N.
	   You can put Wget in the crontab file asking it to recheck a site
	   each Sunday:

		   crontab
		   0 0 * * 0 wget --mirror http://www.gnu.org/ -o /home/me/weeklog

       o   In addition to the above, you want the links to be converted for
	   local viewing.  But, after having read this manual, you know that
	   link conversion doesn't play well with timestamping, so you also
	   want Wget to back up the original HTML files before the conversion.
	   Wget invocation would look like this:

		   wget --mirror --convert-links --backup-converted  \
			http://www.gnu.org/ -o /home/me/weeklog

       o   But you've also noticed that local viewing doesn't work all that
	   well when HTML files are saved under extensions other than .html,
	   perhaps because they were served as index.cgi.  So you'd like Wget
	   to rename all the files served with content-type text/html or
	   application/xhtml+xml to name.html.

		   wget --mirror --convert-links --backup-converted \
			--html-extension -o /home/me/weeklog	    \
			http://www.gnu.org/

	   Or, with less typing:

		   wget -m -k -K -E http://www.gnu.org/ -o /home/me/weeklog

FILES
       /usr/local/etc/wgetrc
	   Default location of the global startup file.

       .wgetrc
	   User startup file.

BUGS
       You are welcome to send bug reports about GNU Wget to
       <bug-wget@gnu.org>.

       Before actually submitting a bug report, please try to follow a few
       simple guidelines.

       1.  Please try to ascertain that the behavior you see really is a bug.
	   If Wget crashes, it's a bug.  If Wget does not behave as docu-
	   mented, it's a bug.	If things work strange, but you are not sure
	   about the way they are supposed to work, it might well be a bug.

       2.  Try to repeat the bug in as simple circumstances as possible.  E.g.
	   if Wget crashes while downloading wget -rl0 -kKE -t5 -Y0
	   http://yoyodyne.com -o /tmp/log, you should try to see if the crash
	   is repeatable, and if will occur with a simpler set of options.
	   You might even try to start the download at the page where the
	   crash occurred to see if that page somehow triggered the crash.

	   Also, while I will probably be interested to know the contents of
	   your .wgetrc file, just dumping it into the debug message is proba-
	   bly a bad idea.  Instead, you should first try to see if the bug
	   repeats with .wgetrc moved out of the way.  Only if it turns out
	   that .wgetrc settings affect the bug, mail me the relevant parts of
	   the file.

       3.  Please start Wget with -d option and send us the resulting output
	   (or relevant parts thereof).  If Wget was compiled without debug
	   support, recompile it---it is much easier to trace bugs with debug
	   support on.

	   Note: please make sure to remove any potentially sensitive informa-
	   tion from the debug log before sending it to the bug address.  The
	   "-d" won't go out of its way to collect sensitive information, but
	   the log will contain a fairly complete transcript of Wget's commu-
	   nication with the server, which may include passwords and pieces of
	   downloaded data.  Since the bug address is publically archived, you
	   may assume that all bug reports are visible to the public.

       4.  If Wget has crashed, try to run it in a debugger, e.g. "gdb `which
	   wget` core" and type "where" to get the backtrace.  This may not
	   work if the system administrator has disabled core files, but it is
	   safe to try.

SEE ALSO
       GNU Info entry for wget.

AUTHOR
       Originally written by Hrvoje Niksic .

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 1996--2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

       Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
       manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
       preserved on all copies.

       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
       under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
       any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
       Invariant Sections being ``GNU General Public License'' and ``GNU Free
       Documentation License'', with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-
       Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
       ``GNU Free Documentation License''.



GNU Wget 1.10.2 		  2006-12-06			       WGET(1)