a2p
accept
access
acct
addftinfo
addr2line
adjtime
afmtodit
after
aio_cancel
aio_error
aio_read
aio_return
aio_suspend
aio_waitcomplete
aio_write
alias
aliases
alloc
anvil
append
apply
apropos
ar
array
as
asa
asn1parse
at
atq
atrm
attemptckalloc
attemptckrealloc
authlib
authtest
autopoint
awk
b64decode
b64encode
basename
batch
bc
bdes
bell
bg
bgerror
biff
big5
binary
bind
bindkey
bindtags
bindtextdomain
bio
bitmap
blowfish
bn
bootparams
bootptab
bounce
brandelf
break
breaksw
brk
bsdiff
bsdtar
bsnmpd
bspatch
bthost
btsockstat
buffer
builtin
builtins
bunzip2
button
byacc
bzcat
bzegrep
bzfgrep
bzgrep
bzip2
c2ph
c89
c99
ca
cal
calendar
canvas
cap_mkdb
case
cat
catch
catman
cc
cd
cdcontrol
chdir
checkbutton
checknr
chflags
chfn
chgrp
chio
chkey
chmod
chown
chpass
chroot
chsh
ci
ciphers
ckalloc
ckdist
ckfree
ckrealloc
cksum
cleanup
clear
clipboard
clock
clock_getres
clock_gettime
clock_settime
close
cmp
co
col
colcrt
colldef
colors
colrm
column
comm
command
compile_et
complete
compress
concat
config
connect
console
continue
core
courierlogger
couriertcpd
cp
cpan
cpio
cpp
creat
crl
crontab
crunchgen
crunchide
crypt
crypto
csh
csplit
ctags
ctm
ctm_dequeue
ctm_rmail
ctm_smail
cu
cursor
cursors
cut
cvs
date
dbiprof
dbiproxy
dc
dcgettext
dcngettext
dd
dde
default
defer
deliverquota
des
destroy
devfs
df
dgettext
dgst
dh
dhparam
dialog
diff
diff3
dig
dir
dirent
dirname
dirs
discard
disktab
dngettext
do
domainname
done
dprofpp
dsa
dsaparam
dtmfdecode
du
dup
dup2
eaccess
ec
ecdsa
echo
echotc
ecparam
ed
edit
editrc
ee
egrep
elf
elfdump
elif
else
enc
enc2xs
encoding
end
endif
endsw
engine
enigma
entry
env
envsubst
eof
eqn
err
errno
error
errstr
esac
ethers
euc
eui64
eval
event
evp
ex
exec
execve
exit
expand
export
exports
expr
extattr
extattr_delete_fd
extattr_delete_file
extattr_get_fd
extattr_get_file
extattr_set_fd
extattr_set_file
f77
false
famm
famx
fblocked
fbtab
fc
fchdir
fchflags
fchmod
fchown
fcntl
fconfigure
fcopy
fdescfs
fdformat
fdread
fdwrite
fetch
fg
fgrep
fhopen
fhstat
fhstatfs
fi
file
file2c
fileevent
filename
filetest
find
find2perl
finger
flex
flock
flush
fmt
focus
fold
font
fontedit
for
foreach
fork
format
forward
fpathconf
frame
from
fs
fstab
fstat
fstatfs
fsync
ftp
ftpchroot
ftpusers
ftruncate
futimes
g711conv
gb2312
gb18030
gbk
gcc
gcore
gcov
gdb
gencat
gendsa
genrsa
gensnmptree
getconf
getdents
getdirentries
getdtablesize
getegid
geteuid
getfacl
getfh
getfsstat
getgid
getgroups
getitimer
getlogin
getopt
getopts
getpeername
getpgid
getpgrp
getpid
getppid
getpriority
getresgid
getresuid
getrlimit
getrusage
gets
getsid
getsockname
getsockopt
gettext
gettextize
gettimeofday
gettytab
getuid
glob
global
gmake
goto
gperf
gprof
grab
grep
grid
grn
grodvi
groff
groff_font
groff_out
groff_tmac
grog
grolbp
grolj4
grops
grotty
group
groups
gunzip
gzcat
gzexe
gzip
h2ph
h2xs
hash
hashstat
hd
head
help2man
hesinfo
hexdump
history
host
hostname
hosts
hosts_access
hosts_options
hpftodit
http
hup
i386_get_ioperm
i386_get_ldt
i386_set_ioperm
i386_set_ldt
i386_vm86
iconv
id
ident
idprio
if
ifnames253
ifnames259
image
imapd
incr
indent
indxbib
info
infokey
inode
install
instmodsh
interp
intro
introduction
ioctl
ipcrm
ipcs
ipf
ipftest
ipnat
ippool
ipresend
issetugid
jail
jail_attach
jobid
jobs
join
jot
kbdcontrol
kbdmap
kcon
kdestroy
kdump
kenv
kevent
keycap
keylogin
keylogout
keymap
keysyms
kgdb
kill
killall
killpg
kinit
kldfind
kldfirstmod
kldload
kldnext
kldstat
kldsym
kldunload
klist
kpasswd
kqueue
kse
kse_create
kse_exit
kse_release
kse_switchin
kse_thr_interrupt
kse_wakeup
ktrace
label
labelframe
lam
lappend
last
lastcomm
lastlog
lchflags
lchmod
lchown
ld
ldap
ldapadd
ldapcompare
ldapdelete
ldapmodify
ldapmodrdn
ldappasswd
ldapsearch
ldapwhoami
ldd
leave
less
lesskey
lex
lgetfh
lhash
libnetcfg
library
limit
limits
lindex
link
linprocfs
linsert
lint
lio_listio
list
listbox
listen
lj4_font
lkbib
llength
lmtp
ln
load
loadfont
local
locale
locate
lock
lockf
log
logger
login
logins
logname
logout
look
lookbib
lorder
lower
lp
lpq
lpr
lprm
lptest
lrange
lreplace
ls
lsearch
lseek
lset
lsort
lstat
lsvfs
lutimes
lynx
m4
madvise
magic
mail
maildiracl
maildirkw
maildirmake
mailq
mailx
make
makeinfo
makewhatis
man
manpath
master
mc
mcedit
mcview
md2
md4
md5
mdc2
memory
menu
menubar
menubutton
merge
mesg
message
mincore
minherit
minigzip
mkdep
mkdir
mkfifo
mkimapdcert
mklocale
mknod
mkpop3dcert
mkstr
mktemp
mlock
mlockall
mmap
mmroff
modfind
modfnext
modnext
modstat
moduli
more
motd
mount
mprotect
mptable
msdos
msdosfs
msgattrib
msgcat
msgcmp
msgcomm
msgconv
msgen
msgexec
msgfilter
msgfmt
msggrep
msginit
msgmerge
msgs
msgunfmt
msguniq
mskanji
msql2mysql
msync
mt
munlock
munlockall
munmap
mv
myisamchk
myisamlog
myisampack
mysql
mysqlaccess
mysqladmin
mysqlbinlog
mysqlcheck
mysqld
mysqldump
mysqld_multi
mysqld_safe
mysqlhotcopy
mysqlimport
mysqlshow
mysql_config
mysql_fix_privilege_tables
mysql_zap
namespace
nanosleep
nawk
nc
ncal
ncplist
ncplogin
ncplogout
neqn
netconfig
netgroup
netid
netstat
networks
newaliases
newgrp
nex
nfsstat
nfssvc
ngettext
nice
nl
nm
nmount
nohup
nologin
notify
nroff
nseq
nslookup
ntp_adjtime
ntp_gettime
nvi
nview
objcopy
objdump
objformat
ocsp
od
onintr
open
openssl
opieaccess
opieinfo
opiekey
opiekeys
opiepasswd
option
options
oqmgr
pack
package
packagens
pagesize
palette
pam_auth
panedwindow
parray
passwd
paste
patch
pathchk
pathconf
pawd
pax
pbm
pcre
pcreapi
pcrebuild
pcrecallout
pcrecompat
pcrecpp
pcregrep
pcrematching
pcrepartial
pcrepattern
pcreperform
pcreposix
pcreprecompile
pcresample
pcretest
perl
perl56delta
perl58delta
perl561delta
perl570delta
perl571delta
perl572delta
perl573delta
perl581delta
perl582delta
perl583delta
perl584delta
perl585delta
perl586delta
perl587delta
perl588delta
perl5004delta
perl5005delta
perlaix
perlamiga
perlapi
perlapio
perlapollo
perlartistic
perlbeos
perlbook
perlboot
perlbot
perlbs2000
perlbug
perlcall
perlcc
perlce
perlcheat
perlclib
perlcn
perlcompile
perlcygwin
perldata
perldbmfilter
perldebguts
perldebtut
perldebug
perldelta
perldgux
perldiag
perldoc
perldos
perldsc
perlebcdic
perlembed
perlepoc
perlfaq
perlfaq1
perlfaq2
perlfaq3
perlfaq4
perlfaq5
perlfaq6
perlfaq7
perlfaq8
perlfaq9
perlfilter
perlfork
perlform
perlfreebsd
perlfunc
perlglossary
perlgpl
perlguts
perlhack
perlhist
perlhpux
perlhurd
perlintern
perlintro
perliol
perlipc
perlirix
perlivp
perljp
perlko
perllexwarn
perllinux
perllocale
perllol
perlmachten
perlmacos
perlmacosx
perlmint
perlmod
perlmodinstall
perlmodlib
perlmodstyle
perlmpeix
perlnetware
perlnewmod
perlnumber
perlobj
perlop
perlopenbsd
perlopentut
perlos2
perlos390
perlos400
perlothrtut
perlpacktut
perlplan9
perlpod
perlpodspec
perlport
perlqnx
perlre
perlref
perlreftut
perlrequick
perlreref
perlretut
perlrun
perlsec
perlsolaris
perlstyle
perlsub
perlsyn
perlthrtut
perltie
perltoc
perltodo
perltooc
perltoot
perltrap
perltru64
perltw
perlunicode
perluniintro
perlutil
perluts
perlvar
perlvmesa
perlvms
perlvos
perlwin32
perlxs
perlxstut
perror
pfbtops
pftp
pgrep
phones
photo
pic
pickup
piconv
pid
pipe
pkcs7
pkcs8
pkcs12
pkg_add
pkg_check
pkg_create
pkg_delete
pkg_info
pkg_sign
pkg_version
pkill
pl2pm
place
pod2html
pod2latex
pod2man
pod2text
pod2usage
podchecker
podselect
poll
popd
popup
posix_madvise
postalias
postcat
postconf
postdrop
postfix
postkick
postlock
postlog
postmap
postqueue
postsuper
pr
pread
preadv
printcap
printenv
printf
proc
procfs
profil
protocols
prove
proxymap
ps
psed
psroff
pstruct
ptrace
publickey
pushd
puts
pwd
pwrite
pwritev
qmgr
qmqpd
quota
quotactl
radiobutton
raise
rand
ranlib
rcp
rcs
rcsclean
rcsdiff
rcsfile
rcsfreeze
rcsintro
rcsmerge
read
readelf
readlink
readonly
readv
realpath
reboot
recv
recvfrom
recvmsg
red
ree
refer
regexp
registry
regsub
rehash
remote
rename
repeat
replace
req
reset
resolver
resource
return
rev
revoke
rfcomm_sppd
rfork
rhosts
ripemd
ripemd160
rlog
rlogin
rm
rmd160
rmdir
rpc
rpcgen
rs
rsa
rsautl
rsh
rtld
rtprio
rup
ruptime
rusers
rwall
rwho
s2p
safe
sasl
sasldblistusers2
saslpasswd2
sbrk
scache
scale
scan
sched
sched_getparam
sched_getscheduler
sched_get_priority_max
sched_get_priority_min
sched_rr_get_interval
sched_setparam
sched_setscheduler
sched_yield
scon
scp
script
scrollbar
sdiff
sed
seek
select
selection
semctl
semget
semop
send
sendbug
sendfile
sendmail
sendmsg
sendto
services
sess_id
set
setegid
setenv
seteuid
setfacl
setgid
setgroups
setitimer
setlogin
setpgid
setpgrp
setpriority
setregid
setresgid
setresuid
setreuid
setrlimit
setsid
setsockopt
settc
settimeofday
setty
setuid
setvar
sftp
sh
sha
sha1
sha256
shar
shells
shift
shmat
shmctl
shmdt
shmget
showq
shutdown
sigaction
sigaltstack
sigblock
sigmask
sigpause
sigpending
sigprocmask
sigreturn
sigsetmask
sigstack
sigsuspend
sigvec
sigwait
size
slapadd
slapcat
slapd
slapdn
slapindex
slappasswd
slaptest
sleep
slogin
slurpd
smbutil
smime
smtp
smtpd
socket
socketpair
sockstat
soelim
sort
source
spawn
speed
spinbox
spkac
splain
split
squid
squid_ldap_auth
squid_ldap_group
squid_unix_group
sscop
ssh
sshd_config
ssh_config
stab
startslip
stat
statfs
stop
string
strings
strip
stty
su
subst
sum
suspend
swapoff
swapon
switch
symlink
sync
sysarch
syscall
sysconftool
sysconftoolcheck
systat
s_client
s_server
s_time
tabs
tail
talk
tar
tbl
tclsh
tcltest
tclvars
tcopy
tcpdump
tcpslice
tcsh
tee
tell
telltc
telnet
term
termcap
terminfo
test
texindex
texinfo
text
textdomain
tfmtodit
tftp
then
threads
time
tip
tk
tkerror
tkvars
tkwait
tlsmgr
tmac
top
toplevel
touch
tput
tr
trace
trafshow
trap
troff
true
truncate
truss
tset
tsort
tty
ttys
type
tzfile
ui
ul
ulimit
umask
unalias
uname
uncomplete
uncompress
undelete
unexpand
unhash
unifdef
unifdefall
uniq
units
unknown
unlimit
unlink
unmount
unset
unsetenv
until
unvis
update
uplevel
uptime
upvar
usbhidaction
usbhidctl
users
utf8
utimes
utmp
utrace
uudecode
uuencode
uuidgen
vacation
variable
verify
version
vfork
vgrind
vgrindefs
vi
vidcontrol
vidfont
view
virtual
vis
vt220keys
vwait
w
wait
wait3
wait4
waitpid
wall
wc
wget
what
whatis
where
whereis
which
while
who
whoami
whois
window
winfo
wish
wm
write
writev
wtmp
x509
xargs
xgettext
xmlwf
xstr
xsubpp
yacc
yes
ypcat
ypchfn
ypchpass
ypchsh
ypmatch
yppasswd
ypwhich
yyfix
zcat
zcmp
zdiff
zegrep
zfgrep
zforce
zgrep
zmore
znew
_exit
__syscall
 
FreeBSD/Linux/UNIX General Commands Manual
Hypertext Man Pages
perl5005delta
 
PERL5005DELTA(1)       Perl Programmers Reference Guide       PERL5005DELTA(1)



NAME
       perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005

DESCRIPTION
       This document describes differences between the 5.004 release and this
       one.

About the new versioning system
       Perl is now developed on two tracks: a maintenance track that makes
       small, safe updates to released production versions with emphasis on
       compatibility; and a development track that pursues more aggressive
       evolution.  Maintenance releases (which should be considered production
       quality) have subversion numbers that run from 1 to 49, and development
       releases (which should be considered "alpha" quality) run from 50 to
       99.

       Perl 5.005 is the combined product of the new dual-track development
       scheme.

Incompatible Changes
       WARNING:  This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.

       Starting with Perl 5.004_50 there were many deep and far-reaching
       changes to the language internals.  If you have dynamically loaded
       extensions that you built under perl 5.003 or 5.004, you can continue
       to use them with 5.004, but you will need to rebuild and reinstall
       those extensions to use them 5.005.  See INSTALL for detailed instruc-
       tions on how to upgrade.

       Default installation structure has changed

       The new Configure defaults are designed to allow a smooth upgrade from
       5.004 to 5.005, but you should read INSTALL for a detailed discussion
       of the changes in order to adapt them to your system.

       Perl Source Compatibility

       When none of the experimental features are enabled, there should be
       very few user-visible Perl source compatibility issues.

       If threads are enabled, then some caveats apply. @_ and $_ become lexi-
       cal variables.  The effect of this should be largely transparent to the
       user, but there are some boundary conditions under which user will need
       to be aware of the issues.  For example, "local(@_)" results in a
       "Can't localize lexical variable @_ ..." message.  This may be enabled
       in a future version.

       Some new keywords have been introduced.	These are generally expected
       to have very little impact on compatibility.  See "New "INIT" keyword",
       "New "lock" keyword", and "New "qr//" operator".

       Certain barewords are now reserved.  Use of these will provoke a warn-
       ing if you have asked for them with the "-w" switch.  See ""our" is now
       a reserved word".

       C Source Compatibility

       There have been a large number of changes in the internals to support
       the new features in this release.

       o   Core sources now require ANSI C compiler

	   An ANSI C compiler is now required to build perl.  See INSTALL.

       o   All Perl global variables must now be referenced with an explicit
	   prefix

	   All Perl global variables that are visible for use by extensions
	   now have a "PL_" prefix.  New extensions should "not" refer to perl
	   globals by their unqualified names.	To preserve sanity, we provide
	   limited backward compatibility for globals that are being widely
	   used like "sv_undef" and "na" (which should now be written as
	   "PL_sv_undef", "PL_na" etc.)

	   If you find that your XS extension does not compile anymore because
	   a perl global is not visible, try adding a "PL_" prefix to the
	   global and rebuild.

	   It is strongly recommended that all functions in the Perl API that
	   don't begin with "perl" be referenced with a "Perl_" prefix.  The
	   bare function names without the "Perl_" prefix are supported with
	   macros, but this support may cease in a future release.

	   See perlapi.

       o   Enabling threads has source compatibility issues

	   Perl built with threading enabled requires extensions to use the
	   new "dTHR" macro to initialize the handle to access per-thread
	   data.  If you see a compiler error that talks about the variable
	   "thr" not being declared (when building a module that has XS code),
	   you need to add "dTHR;" at the beginning of the block that elicited
	   the error.

	   The API function "perl_get_sv("@",FALSE)" should be used instead of
	   directly accessing perl globals as "GvSV(errgv)".  The API call is
	   backward compatible with existing perls and provides source compat-
	   ibility with threading is enabled.

	   See "C Source Compatibility" for more information.

       Binary Compatibility

       This version is NOT binary compatible with older versions.  All exten-
       sions will need to be recompiled.  Further binaries built with threads
       enabled are incompatible with binaries built without.  This should
       largely be transparent to the user, as all binary incompatible configu-
       rations have their own unique architecture name, and extension binaries
       get installed at unique locations.  This allows coexistence of several
       configurations in the same directory hierarchy.	See INSTALL.

       Security fixes may affect compatibility

       A few taint leaks and taint omissions have been corrected.  This may
       lead to "failure" of scripts that used to work with older versions.
       Compiling with -DINCOMPLETE_TAINTS provides a perl with minimal amounts
       of changes to the tainting behavior.  But note that the resulting perl
       will have known insecurities.

       Oneliners with the "-e" switch do not create temporary files anymore.

       Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004

       Many new warnings that were introduced in 5.004 have been made
       optional.  Some of these warnings are still present, but perl's new
       features make them less often a problem.  See "New Diagnostics".

       Licensing

       Perl has a new Social Contract for contributors.  See Porting/Contract.

       The license included in much of the Perl documentation has changed.
       Most of the Perl documentation was previously under the implicit GNU
       General Public License or the Artistic License (at the user's choice).
       Now much of the documentation unambiguously states the terms under
       which it may be distributed.  Those terms are in general much less
       restrictive than the GNU GPL.  See perl and the individual perl man-
       pages listed therein.

Core Changes
       Threads

       WARNING: Threading is considered an experimental feature.  Details of
       the implementation may change without notice.  There are known limita-
       tions and some bugs.  These are expected to be fixed in future ver-
       sions.

       See README.threads.

       Compiler

       WARNING: The Compiler and related tools are considered experimental.
       Features may change without notice, and there are known limitations and
       bugs.  Since the compiler is fully external to perl, the default con-
       figuration will build and install it.

       The Compiler produces three different types of transformations of a
       perl program.  The C backend generates C code that captures perl's
       state just before execution begins.  It eliminates the compile-time
       overheads of the regular perl interpreter, but the run-time performance
       remains comparatively the same.	The CC backend generates optimized C
       code equivalent to the code path at run-time.  The CC backend has
       greater potential for big optimizations, but only a few optimizations
       are implemented currently.  The Bytecode backend generates a platform
       independent bytecode representation of the interpreter's state just
       before execution.  Thus, the Bytecode back end also eliminates much of
       the compilation overhead of the interpreter.

       The compiler comes with several valuable utilities.

       "B::Lint" is an experimental module to detect and warn about suspicious
       code, especially the cases that the "-w" switch does not detect.

       "B::Deparse" can be used to demystify perl code, and understand how
       perl optimizes certain constructs.

       "B::Xref" generates cross reference reports of all definition and use
       of variables, subroutines and formats in a program.

       "B::Showlex" show the lexical variables used by a subroutine or file at
       a glance.

       "perlcc" is a simple frontend for compiling perl.

       See "ext/B/README", B, and the respective compiler modules.

       Regular Expressions

       Perl's regular expression engine has been seriously overhauled, and
       many new constructs are supported.  Several bugs have been fixed.

       Here is an itemized summary:

       Many new and improved optimizations
	   Changes in the RE engine:

		   Unneeded nodes removed;
		   Substrings merged together;
		   New types of nodes to process (SUBEXPR)* and similar expressions
		       quickly, used if the SUBEXPR has no side effects and matches
		       strings of the same length;
		   Better optimizations by lookup for constant substrings;
		   Better search for constants substrings anchored by $ ;

	   Changes in Perl code using RE engine:

		   More optimizations to s/longer/short/;
		   study() was not working;
		   /blah/ may be optimized to an analogue of index() if $& $` $' not seen;
		   Unneeded copying of matched-against string removed;
		   Only matched part of the string is copying if $` $' were not seen;

       Many bug fixes
	   Note that only the major bug fixes are listed here.	See Changes
	   for others.

		   Backtracking might not restore start of $3.
		   No feedback if max count for * or + on "complex" subexpression
		       was reached, similarly (but at compile time) for {3,34567}
		   Primitive restrictions on max count introduced to decrease a
		       possibility of a segfault;
		   (ZERO-LENGTH)* could segfault;
		   (ZERO-LENGTH)* was prohibited;
		   Long REs were not allowed;
		   /RE/g could skip matches at the same position after a
		     zero-length match;

       New regular expression constructs
	   The following new syntax elements are supported:

		   (?<=RE)
		   (?RE)
		   \z

       New operator for precompiled regular expressions
	   See "New "qr//" operator".

       Other improvements
		   Better debugging output (possibly with colors),
		       even from non-debugging Perl;
		   RE engine code now looks like C, not like assembler;
		   Behaviour of RE modifiable by `use re' directive;
		   Improved documentation;
		   Test suite significantly extended;
		   Syntax [:^upper:] etc., reserved inside character classes;

       Incompatible changes
		   (?i) localized inside enclosing group;
		   $( is not interpolated into RE any more;
		   /RE/g may match at the same position (with non-zero length)
		       after a zero-length match (bug fix).

       See perlre and perlop.

       Improved malloc()

       See banner at the beginning of "malloc.c" for details.

       Quicksort is internally implemented

       Perl now contains its own highly optimized qsort() routine.  The new
       qsort() is resistant to inconsistent comparison functions, so Perl's
       "sort()" will not provoke coredumps any more when given poorly written
       sort subroutines.  (Some C library "qsort()"s that were being used
       before used to have this problem.)  In our testing, the new "qsort()"
       required the minimal number of pair-wise compares on average, among all
       known "qsort()" implementations.

       See "perlfunc/sort".

       Reliable signals

       Perl's signal handling is susceptible to random crashes, because sig-
       nals arrive asynchronously, and the Perl runtime is not reentrant at
       arbitrary times.

       However, one experimental implementation of reliable signals is avail-
       able when threads are enabled.  See "Thread::Signal".  Also see INSTALL
       for how to build a Perl capable of threads.

       Reliable stack pointers

       The internals now reallocate the perl stack only at predictable times.
       In particular, magic calls never trigger reallocations of the stack,
       because all reentrancy of the runtime is handled using a "stack of
       stacks".  This should improve reliability of cached stack pointers in
       the internals and in XSUBs.

       More generous treatment of carriage returns

       Perl used to complain if it encountered literal carriage returns in
       scripts.  Now they are mostly treated like whitespace within program
       text.  Inside string literals and here documents, literal carriage
       returns are ignored if they occur paired with linefeeds, or get inter-
       preted as whitespace if they stand alone.  This behavior means that
       literal carriage returns in files should be avoided.  You can get the
       older, more compatible (but less generous) behavior by defining the
       preprocessor symbol "PERL_STRICT_CR" when building perl.  Of course,
       all this has nothing whatever to do with how escapes like "\r" are han-
       dled within strings.

       Note that this doesn't somehow magically allow you to keep all text
       files in DOS format.  The generous treatment only applies to files that
       perl itself parses.  If your C compiler doesn't allow carriage returns
       in files, you may still be unable to build modules that need a C com-
       piler.

       Memory leaks

       "substr", "pos" and "vec" don't leak memory anymore when used in lvalue
       context.  Many small leaks that impacted applications that embed multi-
       ple interpreters have been fixed.

       Better support for multiple interpreters

       The build-time option "-DMULTIPLICITY" has had many of the details
       reworked.  Some previously global variables that should have been per-
       interpreter now are.  With care, this allows interpreters to call each
       other.  See the "PerlInterp" extension on CPAN.

       Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined

       See "Temporary Values via local()" in perlsub.

       "%!" is transparently tied to the Errno module

       See perlvar, and Errno.

       Pseudo-hashes are supported

       See perlref.

       "EXPR foreach EXPR" is supported

       See perlsyn.

       Keywords can be globally overridden

       See perlsub.

       $^E is meaningful on Win32

       See perlvar.

       "foreach (1..1000000)" optimized

       "foreach (1..1000000)" is now optimized into a counting loop.  It does
       not try to allocate a 1000000-size list anymore.

       "Foo::" can be used as implicitly quoted package name

       Barewords caused unintuitive behavior when a subroutine with the same
       name as a package happened to be defined.  Thus, "new Foo @args", use
       the result of the call to "Foo()" instead of "Foo" being treated as a
       literal.  The recommended way to write barewords in the indirect object
       slot is "new Foo:: @args".  Note that the method "new()" is called with
       a first argument of "Foo", not "Foo::" when you do that.

       "exists $Foo::{Bar::}" tests existence of a package

       It was impossible to test for the existence of a package without actu-
       ally creating it before.  Now "exists $Foo::{Bar::}" can be used to
       test if the "Foo::Bar" namespace has been created.

       Better locale support

       See perllocale.

       Experimental support for 64-bit platforms

       Perl5 has always had 64-bit support on systems with 64-bit longs.
       Starting with 5.005, the beginnings of experimental support for systems
       with 32-bit long and 64-bit 'long long' integers has been added.  If
       you add -DUSE_LONG_LONG to your ccflags in config.sh (or manually
       define it in perl.h) then perl will be built with 'long long' support.
       There will be many compiler warnings, and the resultant perl may not
       work on all systems.  There are many other issues related to third-
       party extensions and libraries.	This option exists to allow people to
       work on those issues.

       prototype() returns useful results on builtins

       See "prototype" in perlfunc.

       Extended support for exception handling

       "die()" now accepts a reference value, and $@ gets set to that value in
       exception traps.  This makes it possible to propagate exception
       objects.  This is an undocumented experimental feature.

       Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods

       See "Destructors" in perlobj.

       All "printf" format conversions are handled internally

       See "printf" in perlfunc.

       New "INIT" keyword

       "INIT" subs are like "BEGIN" and "END", but they get run just before
       the perl runtime begins execution.  e.g., the Perl Compiler makes use
       of "INIT" blocks to initialize and resolve pointers to XSUBs.

       New "lock" keyword

       The "lock" keyword is the fundamental synchronization primitive in
       threaded perl.  When threads are not enabled, it is currently a noop.

       To minimize impact on source compatibility this keyword is "weak",
       i.e., any user-defined subroutine of the same name overrides it, unless
       a "use Thread" has been seen.

       New "qr//" operator

       The "qr//" operator, which is syntactically similar to the other quote-
       like operators, is used to create precompiled regular expressions.
       This compiled form can now be explicitly passed around in variables,
       and interpolated in other regular expressions.  See perlop.

       "our" is now a reserved word

       Calling a subroutine with the name "our" will now provoke a warning
       when using the "-w" switch.

       Tied arrays are now fully supported

       See Tie::Array.

       Tied handles support is better

       Several missing hooks have been added.  There is also a new base class
       for TIEARRAY implementations.  See Tie::Array.

       4th argument to substr

       substr() can now both return and replace in one operation.  The
       optional 4th argument is the replacement string.  See "substr" in perl-
       func.

       Negative LENGTH argument to splice

       splice() with a negative LENGTH argument now work similar to what the
       LENGTH did for substr().  Previously a negative LENGTH was treated as
       0.  See "splice" in perlfunc.

       Magic lvalues are now more magical

       When you say something like "substr($x, 5) = "hi"", the scalar returned
       by substr() is special, in that any modifications to it affect $x.
       (This is called a 'magic lvalue' because an 'lvalue' is something on
       the left side of an assignment.)  Normally, this is exactly what you
       would expect to happen, but Perl uses the same magic if you use sub-
       str(), pos(), or vec() in a context where they might be modified, like
       taking a reference with "\" or as an argument to a sub that modifies
       @_.  In previous versions, this 'magic' only went one way, but now
       changes to the scalar the magic refers to ($x in the above example)
       affect the magic lvalue too. For instance, this code now acts differ-
       ently:

	   $x = "hello";
	   sub printit {
	       $x = "g'bye";
	       print $_[0], "\n";
	   }
	   printit(substr($x, 0, 5));

       In previous versions, this would print "hello", but it now prints
       "g'bye".

       <> now reads in records

       If $/ is a reference to an integer, or a scalar that holds an integer,
       <> will read in records instead of lines. For more info, see "$/" in
       perlvar.

Supported Platforms
       Configure has many incremental improvements.  Site-wide policy for
       building perl can now be made persistent, via Policy.sh.  Configure
       also records the command-line arguments used in config.sh.

       New Platforms

       BeOS is now supported.  See README.beos.

       DOS is now supported under the DJGPP tools.  See README.dos (installed
       as perldos on some systems).

       MiNT is now supported.  See README.mint.

       MPE/iX is now supported.  See README.mpeix.

       MVS (aka OS390, aka Open Edition) is now supported.  See README.os390
       (installed as perlos390 on some systems).

       Stratus VOS is now supported.  See README.vos.

       Changes in existing support

       Win32 support has been vastly enhanced.	Support for Perl Object, a C++
       encapsulation of Perl.  GCC and EGCS are now supported on Win32.  See
       README.win32, aka perlwin32.

       VMS configuration system has been rewritten.  See README.vms (installed
       as README_vms on some systems).

       The hints files for most Unix platforms have seen incremental improve-
       ments.

Modules and Pragmata
       New Modules


       B   Perl compiler and tools.  See B.

       Data::Dumper
	   A module to pretty print Perl data.	See Data::Dumper.

       Dumpvalue
	   A module to dump perl values to the screen. See Dumpvalue.

       Errno
	   A module to look up errors more conveniently.  See Errno.

       File::Spec
	   A portable API for file operations.

       ExtUtils::Installed
	   Query and manage installed modules.

       ExtUtils::Packlist
	   Manipulate .packlist files.

       Fatal
	   Make functions/builtins succeed or die.

       IPC::SysV
	   Constants and other support infrastructure for System V IPC opera-
	   tions in perl.

       Test
	   A framework for writing testsuites.

       Tie::Array
	   Base class for tied arrays.

       Tie::Handle
	   Base class for tied handles.

       Thread
	   Perl thread creation, manipulation, and support.

       attrs
	   Set subroutine attributes.

       fields
	   Compile-time class fields.

       re  Various pragmata to control behavior of regular expressions.

       Changes in existing modules


       Benchmark
	   You can now run tests for x seconds instead of guessing the right
	   number of tests to run.

	   Keeps better time.

       Carp
	   Carp has a new function cluck(). cluck() warns, like carp(), but
	   also adds a stack backtrace to the error message, like confess().

       CGI CGI has been updated to version 2.42.

       Fcntl
	   More Fcntl constants added: F_SETLK64, F_SETLKW64, O_LARGEFILE for
	   large (more than 4G) file access (the 64-bit support is not yet
	   working, though, so no need to get overly excited),
	   Free/Net/OpenBSD locking behaviour flags F_FLOCK, F_POSIX, Linux
	   F_SHLCK, and O_ACCMODE: the mask of O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY, and O_RDWR.

       Math::Complex
	   The accessors methods Re, Im, arg, abs, rho, theta, methods can
	   ($z->Re()) now also act as mutators ($z->Re(3)).

       Math::Trig
	   A little bit of radial trigonometry (cylindrical and spherical)
	   added, for example the great circle distance.

       POSIX
	   POSIX now has its own platform-specific hints files.

       DB_File
	   DB_File supports version 2.x of Berkeley DB.  See
	   "ext/DB_File/Changes".

       MakeMaker
	   MakeMaker now supports writing empty makefiles, provides a way to
	   specify that site umask() policy should be honored.	There is also
	   better support for manipulation of .packlist files, and getting
	   information about installed modules.

	   Extensions that have both architecture-dependent and architecture-
	   independent files are now always installed completely in the archi-
	   tecture-dependent locations.  Previously, the shareable parts were
	   shared both across architectures and across perl versions and were
	   therefore liable to be overwritten with newer versions that might
	   have subtle incompatibilities.

       CPAN
	   See perlmodinstall and CPAN.

       Cwd Cwd::cwd is faster on most platforms.

Utility Changes
       "h2ph" and related utilities have been vastly overhauled.

       "perlcc", a new experimental front end for the compiler is available.

       The crude GNU "configure" emulator is now called "configure.gnu" to
       avoid trampling on "Configure" under case-insensitive filesystems.

       "perldoc" used to be rather slow.  The slower features are now
       optional.  In particular, case-insensitive searches need the "-i"
       switch, and recursive searches need "-r".  You can set these switches
       in the "PERLDOC" environment variable to get the old behavior.

Documentation Changes
       Config.pm now has a glossary of variables.

       Porting/patching.pod has detailed instructions on how to create and
       submit patches for perl.

       perlport specifies guidelines on how to write portably.

       perlmodinstall describes how to fetch and install modules from "CPAN"
       sites.

       Some more Perl traps are documented now.  See perltrap.

       perlopentut gives a tutorial on using open().

       perlreftut gives a tutorial on references.

       perlthrtut gives a tutorial on threads.

New Diagnostics
       Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &
	   (W) A subroutine you have declared has the same name as a Perl key-
	   word, and you have used the name without qualification for calling
	   one or the other.  Perl decided to call the builtin because the
	   subroutine is not imported.

	   To force interpretation as a subroutine call, either put an amper-
	   sand before the subroutine name, or qualify the name with its pack-
	   age.  Alternatively, you can import the subroutine (or pretend that
	   it's imported with the "use subs" pragma).

	   To silently interpret it as the Perl operator, use the "CORE::"
	   prefix on the operator (e.g. "CORE::log($x)") or by declaring the
	   subroutine to be an object method (see attrs).

       Bad index while coercing array into hash
	   (F) The index looked up in the hash found as the 0'th element of a
	   pseudo-hash is not legal.  Index values must be at 1 or greater.
	   See perlref.

       Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package
	   (W) You used a qualified bareword of the form "Foo::", but the com-
	   piler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point.  Per-
	   haps you need to predeclare a package?

       Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value
	   (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by
	   the object reference or package name contains an undefined value.
	   Something like this will reproduce the error:

	       $BADREF = 42;
	       process $BADREF 1,2,3;
	       $BADREF->process(1,2,3);

       Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid
	   (P) For some reason you can't check the filesystem of the script
	   for nosuid.

       Can't coerce array into hash
	   (F) You used an array where a hash was expected, but the array has
	   no information on how to map from keys to array indices.  You can
	   do that only with arrays that have a hash reference at index 0.

       Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string
	   (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of an eval
	   "string".  (You can use it to jump out of an eval {BLOCK}, but you
	   probably don't want to.)

       Can't localize pseudo-hash element
	   (F) You said something like "local $ar->{'key'}", where $ar is a
	   reference to a pseudo-hash.	That hasn't been implemented yet, but
	   you can get a similar effect by localizing the corresponding array
	   element directly -- "local $ar->[$ar->[0]{'key'}]".

       Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available
	   (F) The first time the %! hash is used, perl automatically loads
	   the Errno.pm module. The Errno module is expected to tie the %!
	   hash to provide symbolic names for $! errno values.

       Cannot find an opnumber for "%s"
	   (F) A string of a form "CORE::word" was given to prototype(), but
	   there is no builtin with the name "word".

       Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions
	   (W) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax
	   beginning with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for future
	   extensions.	If you need to represent those character sequences
	   inside a regular expression character class, just quote the square
	   brackets with the backslash: "\[." and ".\]".

       Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions
	   (W) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax
	   beginning with "[:" and ending with ":]" is reserved for future
	   extensions.	If you need to represent those character sequences
	   inside a regular expression character class, just quote the square
	   brackets with the backslash: "\[:" and ":\]".

       Character class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions
	   (W) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax
	   beginning with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future
	   extensions.	If you need to represent those character sequences
	   inside a regular expression character class, just quote the square
	   brackets with the backslash: "\[=" and "=\]".

       %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression
	   (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular
	   expression that contains the "(?{ ... })" zero-width assertion,
	   which is unsafe.  See "(?{ code })" in perlre, and perlsec.

       %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval'
	   (F) A regular expression contained the "(?{ ... })" zero-width
	   assertion, but that construct is only allowed when the "use re
	   'eval'" pragma is in effect.  See "(?{ code })" in perlre.

       %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time
	   (F) Perl tried to compile a regular expression containing the "(?{
	   ... })" zero-width assertion at run time, as it would when the pat-
	   tern contains interpolated values.  Since that is a security risk,
	   it is not allowed.  If you insist, you may still do this by explic-
	   itly building the pattern from an interpolated string at run time
	   and using that in an eval().  See "(?{ code })" in perlre.

       Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main)
	   (W) You are blessing a reference to a zero length string.  This has
	   the effect of blessing the reference into the package main.	This
	   is usually not what you want.  Consider providing a default target
	   package, e.g. bless($ref, $p || 'MyPackage');

       Illegal hex digit ignored
	   (W) You may have tried to use a character other than 0 - 9 or A - F
	   in a hexadecimal number.  Interpretation of the hexadecimal number
	   stopped before the illegal character.

       No such array field
	   (F) You tried to access an array as a hash, but the field name used
	   is not defined.  The hash at index 0 should map all valid field
	   names to array indices for that to work.

       No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s
	   (F) You tried to access a field of a typed variable where the type
	   does not know about the field name.	The field names are looked up
	   in the %FIELDS hash in the type package at compile time.  The
	   %FIELDS hash is usually set up with the 'fields' pragma.

       Out of memory during ridiculously large request
	   (F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes.	This
	   error is most likely to be caused by a typo in the Perl program.
	   e.g., $arr[time] instead of $arr[$time].

       Range iterator outside integer range
	   (F) One (or both) of the numeric arguments to the range operator
	   ".."  are outside the range which can be represented by integers
	   internally.	One possible workaround is to force Perl to use magi-
	   cal string increment by prepending "0" to your numbers.

       Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' %s
	   (F) More than 100 levels of inheritance were encountered while
	   invoking a method.  Probably indicates an unintended loop in your
	   inheritance hierarchy.

       Reference found where even-sized list expected
	   (W) You gave a single reference where Perl was expecting a list
	   with an even number of elements (for assignment to a hash). This
	   usually means that you used the anon hash constructor when you
	   meant to use parens. In any case, a hash requires key/value pairs.

	       %hash = { one => 1, two => 2, };   # WRONG
	       %hash = [ qw/ an anon array / ];   # WRONG
	       %hash = ( one => 1, two => 2, );   # right
	       %hash = qw( one 1 two 2 );		  # also fine

       Undefined value assigned to typeglob
	   (W) An undefined value was assigned to a typeglob, a la "*foo =
	   undef".  This does nothing.	It's possible that you really mean
	   "undef *foo".

       Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated
	   (D) The indicated bareword is a reserved word.  Future versions of
	   perl may use it as a keyword, so you're better off either explic-
	   itly quoting the word in a manner appropriate for its context of
	   use, or using a different name altogether.  The warning can be sup-
	   pressed for subroutine names by either adding a "&" prefix, or
	   using a package qualifier, e.g. "&our()", or "Foo::our()".

       perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
	   (S) The whole warning message will look something like:

		  perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
		  perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
			  LC_ALL = "En_US",
			  LANG = (unset)
		      are supported and installed on your system.
		  perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").

	   Exactly what were the failed locale settings varies.  In the above
	   the settings were that the LC_ALL was "En_US" and the LANG had no
	   value.  This error means that Perl detected that you and/or your
	   system administrator have set up the so-called variable system but
	   Perl could not use those settings.  This was not dead serious, for-
	   tunately: there is a "default locale" called "C" that Perl can and
	   will use, the script will be run.  Before you really fix the prob-
	   lem, however, you will get the same error message each time you run
	   Perl.  How to really fix the problem can be found in "LOCALE PROB-
	   LEMS" in perllocale.

Obsolete Diagnostics
       Can't mktemp()
	   (F) The mktemp() routine failed for some reason while trying to
	   process a -e switch.  Maybe your /tmp partition is full, or clob-
	   bered.

	   Removed because -e doesn't use temporary files any more.

       Can't write to temp file for -e: %s
	   (F) The write routine failed for some reason while trying to
	   process a -e switch.  Maybe your /tmp partition is full, or clob-
	   bered.

	   Removed because -e doesn't use temporary files any more.

       Cannot open temporary file
	   (F) The create routine failed for some reason while trying to
	   process a -e switch.  Maybe your /tmp partition is full, or clob-
	   bered.

	   Removed because -e doesn't use temporary files any more.

       regexp too big
	   (F) The current implementation of regular expressions uses shorts
	   as address offsets within a string.	Unfortunately this means that
	   if the regular expression compiles to longer than 32767, it'll blow
	   up.	Usually when you want a regular expression this big, there is
	   a better way to do it with multiple statements.  See perlre.

Configuration Changes
       You can use "Configure -Uinstallusrbinperl" which causes installperl to
       skip installing perl also as /usr/bin/perl.  This is useful if you pre-
       fer not to modify /usr/bin for some reason or another but harmful
       because many scripts assume to find Perl in /usr/bin/perl.

BUGS
       If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the headers of
       recently posted articles in the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup.  There
       may also be information at http://www.perl.com/perl/ , the Perl Home
       Page.

       If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the perlbug pro-
       gram included with your release.  Make sure you trim your bug down to a
       tiny but sufficient test case.  Your bug report, along with the output
       of "perl -V", will be sent off to <perlbug@perl.com> to be analysed by
       the Perl porting team.

SEE ALSO
       The Changes file for exhaustive details on what changed.

       The INSTALL file for how to build Perl.

       The README file for general stuff.

       The Artistic and Copying files for copyright information.

HISTORY
       Written by Gurusamy Sarathy <gsar@activestate.com>, with many contribu-
       tions from The Perl Porters.

       Send omissions or corrections to <perlbug@perl.com>.



perl v5.8.8			  2006-01-07		      PERL5005DELTA(1)
=19011
+329
(74)