a2p
accept
access
acct
addftinfo
addr2line
adjtime
afmtodit
after
aio_cancel
aio_error
aio_read
aio_return
aio_suspend
aio_waitcomplete
aio_write
alias
aliases
alloc
anvil
append
apply
apropos
ar
array
as
asa
asn1parse
at
atq
atrm
attemptckalloc
attemptckrealloc
authlib
authtest
autopoint
awk
b64decode
b64encode
basename
batch
bc
bdes
bell
bg
bgerror
biff
big5
binary
bind
bindkey
bindtags
bindtextdomain
bio
bitmap
blowfish
bn
bootparams
bootptab
bounce
brandelf
break
breaksw
brk
bsdiff
bsdtar
bsnmpd
bspatch
bthost
btsockstat
buffer
builtin
builtins
bunzip2
button
byacc
bzcat
bzegrep
bzfgrep
bzgrep
bzip2
c2ph
c89
c99
ca
cal
calendar
canvas
cap_mkdb
case
cat
catch
catman
cc
cd
cdcontrol
chdir
checkbutton
checknr
chflags
chfn
chgrp
chio
chkey
chmod
chown
chpass
chroot
chsh
ci
ciphers
ckalloc
ckdist
ckfree
ckrealloc
cksum
cleanup
clear
clipboard
clock
clock_getres
clock_gettime
clock_settime
close
cmp
co
col
colcrt
colldef
colors
colrm
column
comm
command
compile_et
complete
compress
concat
config
connect
console
continue
core
courierlogger
couriertcpd
cp
cpan
cpio
cpp
creat
crl
crontab
crunchgen
crunchide
crypt
crypto
csh
csplit
ctags
ctm
ctm_dequeue
ctm_rmail
ctm_smail
cu
cursor
cursors
cut
cvs
date
dbiprof
dbiproxy
dc
dcgettext
dcngettext
dd
dde
default
defer
deliverquota
des
destroy
devfs
df
dgettext
dgst
dh
dhparam
dialog
diff
diff3
dig
dir
dirent
dirname
dirs
discard
disktab
dngettext
do
domainname
done
dprofpp
dsa
dsaparam
dtmfdecode
du
dup
dup2
eaccess
ec
ecdsa
echo
echotc
ecparam
ed
edit
editrc
ee
egrep
elf
elfdump
elif
else
enc
enc2xs
encoding
end
endif
endsw
engine
enigma
entry
env
envsubst
eof
eqn
err
errno
error
errstr
esac
ethers
euc
eui64
eval
event
evp
ex
exec
execve
exit
expand
export
exports
expr
extattr
extattr_delete_fd
extattr_delete_file
extattr_get_fd
extattr_get_file
extattr_set_fd
extattr_set_file
f77
false
famm
famx
fblocked
fbtab
fc
fchdir
fchflags
fchmod
fchown
fcntl
fconfigure
fcopy
fdescfs
fdformat
fdread
fdwrite
fetch
fg
fgrep
fhopen
fhstat
fhstatfs
fi
file
file2c
fileevent
filename
filetest
find
find2perl
finger
flex
flock
flush
fmt
focus
fold
font
fontedit
for
foreach
fork
format
forward
fpathconf
frame
from
fs
fstab
fstat
fstatfs
fsync
ftp
ftpchroot
ftpusers
ftruncate
futimes
g711conv
gb2312
gb18030
gbk
gcc
gcore
gcov
gdb
gencat
gendsa
genrsa
gensnmptree
getconf
getdents
getdirentries
getdtablesize
getegid
geteuid
getfacl
getfh
getfsstat
getgid
getgroups
getitimer
getlogin
getopt
getopts
getpeername
getpgid
getpgrp
getpid
getppid
getpriority
getresgid
getresuid
getrlimit
getrusage
gets
getsid
getsockname
getsockopt
gettext
gettextize
gettimeofday
gettytab
getuid
glob
global
gmake
goto
gperf
gprof
grab
grep
grid
grn
grodvi
groff
groff_font
groff_out
groff_tmac
grog
grolbp
grolj4
grops
grotty
group
groups
gunzip
gzcat
gzexe
gzip
h2ph
h2xs
hash
hashstat
hd
head
help2man
hesinfo
hexdump
history
host
hostname
hosts
hosts_access
hosts_options
hpftodit
http
hup
i386_get_ioperm
i386_get_ldt
i386_set_ioperm
i386_set_ldt
i386_vm86
iconv
id
ident
idprio
if
ifnames253
ifnames259
image
imapd
incr
indent
indxbib
info
infokey
inode
install
instmodsh
interp
intro
introduction
ioctl
ipcrm
ipcs
ipf
ipftest
ipnat
ippool
ipresend
issetugid
jail
jail_attach
jobid
jobs
join
jot
kbdcontrol
kbdmap
kcon
kdestroy
kdump
kenv
kevent
keycap
keylogin
keylogout
keymap
keysyms
kgdb
kill
killall
killpg
kinit
kldfind
kldfirstmod
kldload
kldnext
kldstat
kldsym
kldunload
klist
kpasswd
kqueue
kse
kse_create
kse_exit
kse_release
kse_switchin
kse_thr_interrupt
kse_wakeup
ktrace
label
labelframe
lam
lappend
last
lastcomm
lastlog
lchflags
lchmod
lchown
ld
ldap
ldapadd
ldapcompare
ldapdelete
ldapmodify
ldapmodrdn
ldappasswd
ldapsearch
ldapwhoami
ldd
leave
less
lesskey
lex
lgetfh
lhash
libnetcfg
library
limit
limits
lindex
link
linprocfs
linsert
lint
lio_listio
list
listbox
listen
lj4_font
lkbib
llength
lmtp
ln
load
loadfont
local
locale
locate
lock
lockf
log
logger
login
logins
logname
logout
look
lookbib
lorder
lower
lp
lpq
lpr
lprm
lptest
lrange
lreplace
ls
lsearch
lseek
lset
lsort
lstat
lsvfs
lutimes
lynx
m4
madvise
magic
mail
maildiracl
maildirkw
maildirmake
mailq
mailx
make
makeinfo
makewhatis
man
manpath
master
mc
mcedit
mcview
md2
md4
md5
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memory
menu
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merge
mesg
message
mincore
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minigzip
mkdep
mkdir
mkfifo
mkimapdcert
mklocale
mknod
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mkstr
mktemp
mlock
mlockall
mmap
mmroff
modfind
modfnext
modnext
modstat
moduli
more
motd
mount
mprotect
mptable
msdos
msdosfs
msgattrib
msgcat
msgcmp
msgcomm
msgconv
msgen
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msgfilter
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msggrep
msginit
msgmerge
msgs
msgunfmt
msguniq
mskanji
msql2mysql
msync
mt
munlock
munlockall
munmap
mv
myisamchk
myisamlog
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mysql
mysqlaccess
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mysqlshow
mysql_config
mysql_fix_privilege_tables
mysql_zap
namespace
nanosleep
nawk
nc
ncal
ncplist
ncplogin
ncplogout
neqn
netconfig
netgroup
netid
netstat
networks
newaliases
newgrp
nex
nfsstat
nfssvc
ngettext
nice
nl
nm
nmount
nohup
nologin
notify
nroff
nseq
nslookup
ntp_adjtime
ntp_gettime
nvi
nview
objcopy
objdump
objformat
ocsp
od
onintr
open
openssl
opieaccess
opieinfo
opiekey
opiekeys
opiepasswd
option
options
oqmgr
pack
package
packagens
pagesize
palette
pam_auth
panedwindow
parray
passwd
paste
patch
pathchk
pathconf
pawd
pax
pbm
pcre
pcreapi
pcrebuild
pcrecallout
pcrecompat
pcrecpp
pcregrep
pcrematching
pcrepartial
pcrepattern
pcreperform
pcreposix
pcreprecompile
pcresample
pcretest
perl
perl56delta
perl58delta
perl561delta
perl570delta
perl571delta
perl572delta
perl573delta
perl581delta
perl582delta
perl583delta
perl584delta
perl585delta
perl586delta
perl587delta
perl588delta
perl5004delta
perl5005delta
perlaix
perlamiga
perlapi
perlapio
perlapollo
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perlbeos
perlbook
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perlce
perlcheat
perlclib
perlcn
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perlcygwin
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perldebug
perldelta
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perldoc
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perlfaq2
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perlfaq4
perlfaq5
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perlfaq8
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perlfilter
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perlfreebsd
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perlgpl
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perlqnx
perlre
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perlreftut
perlrequick
perlreref
perlretut
perlrun
perlsec
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perlsyn
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perltie
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perltodo
perltooc
perltoot
perltrap
perltru64
perltw
perlunicode
perluniintro
perlutil
perluts
perlvar
perlvmesa
perlvms
perlvos
perlwin32
perlxs
perlxstut
perror
pfbtops
pftp
pgrep
phones
photo
pic
pickup
piconv
pid
pipe
pkcs7
pkcs8
pkcs12
pkg_add
pkg_check
pkg_create
pkg_delete
pkg_info
pkg_sign
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pkill
pl2pm
place
pod2html
pod2latex
pod2man
pod2text
pod2usage
podchecker
podselect
poll
popd
popup
posix_madvise
postalias
postcat
postconf
postdrop
postfix
postkick
postlock
postlog
postmap
postqueue
postsuper
pr
pread
preadv
printcap
printenv
printf
proc
procfs
profil
protocols
prove
proxymap
ps
psed
psroff
pstruct
ptrace
publickey
pushd
puts
pwd
pwrite
pwritev
qmgr
qmqpd
quota
quotactl
radiobutton
raise
rand
ranlib
rcp
rcs
rcsclean
rcsdiff
rcsfile
rcsfreeze
rcsintro
rcsmerge
read
readelf
readlink
readonly
readv
realpath
reboot
recv
recvfrom
recvmsg
red
ree
refer
regexp
registry
regsub
rehash
remote
rename
repeat
replace
req
reset
resolver
resource
return
rev
revoke
rfcomm_sppd
rfork
rhosts
ripemd
ripemd160
rlog
rlogin
rm
rmd160
rmdir
rpc
rpcgen
rs
rsa
rsautl
rsh
rtld
rtprio
rup
ruptime
rusers
rwall
rwho
s2p
safe
sasl
sasldblistusers2
saslpasswd2
sbrk
scache
scale
scan
sched
sched_getparam
sched_getscheduler
sched_get_priority_max
sched_get_priority_min
sched_rr_get_interval
sched_setparam
sched_setscheduler
sched_yield
scon
scp
script
scrollbar
sdiff
sed
seek
select
selection
semctl
semget
semop
send
sendbug
sendfile
sendmail
sendmsg
sendto
services
sess_id
set
setegid
setenv
seteuid
setfacl
setgid
setgroups
setitimer
setlogin
setpgid
setpgrp
setpriority
setregid
setresgid
setresuid
setreuid
setrlimit
setsid
setsockopt
settc
settimeofday
setty
setuid
setvar
sftp
sh
sha
sha1
sha256
shar
shells
shift
shmat
shmctl
shmdt
shmget
showq
shutdown
sigaction
sigaltstack
sigblock
sigmask
sigpause
sigpending
sigprocmask
sigreturn
sigsetmask
sigstack
sigsuspend
sigvec
sigwait
size
slapadd
slapcat
slapd
slapdn
slapindex
slappasswd
slaptest
sleep
slogin
slurpd
smbutil
smime
smtp
smtpd
socket
socketpair
sockstat
soelim
sort
source
spawn
speed
spinbox
spkac
splain
split
squid
squid_ldap_auth
squid_ldap_group
squid_unix_group
sscop
ssh
sshd_config
ssh_config
stab
startslip
stat
statfs
stop
string
strings
strip
stty
su
subst
sum
suspend
swapoff
swapon
switch
symlink
sync
sysarch
syscall
sysconftool
sysconftoolcheck
systat
s_client
s_server
s_time
tabs
tail
talk
tar
tbl
tclsh
tcltest
tclvars
tcopy
tcpdump
tcpslice
tcsh
tee
tell
telltc
telnet
term
termcap
terminfo
test
texindex
texinfo
text
textdomain
tfmtodit
tftp
then
threads
time
tip
tk
tkerror
tkvars
tkwait
tlsmgr
tmac
top
toplevel
touch
tput
tr
trace
trafshow
trap
troff
true
truncate
truss
tset
tsort
tty
ttys
type
tzfile
ui
ul
ulimit
umask
unalias
uname
uncomplete
uncompress
undelete
unexpand
unhash
unifdef
unifdefall
uniq
units
unknown
unlimit
unlink
unmount
unset
unsetenv
until
unvis
update
uplevel
uptime
upvar
usbhidaction
usbhidctl
users
utf8
utimes
utmp
utrace
uudecode
uuencode
uuidgen
vacation
variable
verify
version
vfork
vgrind
vgrindefs
vi
vidcontrol
vidfont
view
virtual
vis
vt220keys
vwait
w
wait
wait3
wait4
waitpid
wall
wc
wget
what
whatis
where
whereis
which
while
who
whoami
whois
window
winfo
wish
wm
write
writev
wtmp
x509
xargs
xgettext
xmlwf
xstr
xsubpp
yacc
yes
ypcat
ypchfn
ypchpass
ypchsh
ypmatch
yppasswd
ypwhich
yyfix
zcat
zcmp
zdiff
zegrep
zfgrep
zforce
zgrep
zmore
znew
_exit
__syscall
 
FreeBSD/Linux/UNIX General Commands Manual
Hypertext Man Pages
perltoc
 
PERLTOC(1)	       Perl Programmers Reference Guide 	    PERLTOC(1)



NAME
       perltoc - perl documentation table of contents

DESCRIPTION
       This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl
       documentation set.  It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped
       through to locate the proper section you're looking for.

BASIC DOCUMENTATION
       perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language


       SYNOPSIS
	   Overview
	   Tutorials
	   Reference Manual
	   Internals and C Language Interface
	   Miscellaneous
	   Language-Specific
	   Platform-Specific
       DESCRIPTION
       AVAILABILITY
       ENVIRONMENT
       AUTHOR
       FILES
       SEE ALSO
       DIAGNOSTICS
       BUGS
       NOTES

       perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl


       DESCRIPTION
	   What is Perl?
	   Running Perl programs
	   Basic syntax overview
	   Perl variable types
	       Scalars, Arrays, Hashes

	   Variable scoping
	   Conditional and looping constructs
	       if, while, for, foreach

	   Builtin operators and functions
	       Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean
	       logic, Miscellaneous

	   Files and I/O
	   Regular expressions
	       Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular
	       expressions, Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features

	   Writing subroutines
	   OO Perl
	   Using Perl modules
       AUTHOR

       perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references


       DESCRIPTION
       Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?
       The Solution
       Syntax
	   Making References
	   Using References
	   An Example
	   Arrow Rule
       Solution
       The Rest
       Summary
       Credits
	   Distribution Conditions

       perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook


       DESCRIPTION
	   arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of
	   hashes, more elaborate constructs

       REFERENCES
       COMMON MISTAKES
       CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE
       WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS "use strict"
       DEBUGGING
       CODE EXAMPLES
       ARRAYS OF ARRAYS
	   Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
	   Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
	   Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS
       HASHES OF ARRAYS
	   Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS
	   Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS
	   Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS
       ARRAYS OF HASHES
	   Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES
	   Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES
	   Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES
       HASHES OF HASHES
	   Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES
	   Generation of a HASH OF HASHES
	   Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES
       MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
	   Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS
	   Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
	   Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS
       Database Ties
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl


       DESCRIPTION
	   Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays
	   Growing Your Own
	   Access and Printing
	   Slices
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start


       DESCRIPTION
       The Guide
	   Simple word matching
	   Using character classes
	   Matching this or that
	   Grouping things and hierarchical matching
	   Extracting matches
	   Matching repetitions
	   More matching
	   Search and replace
	   The split operator
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
	   Acknowledgments

       perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial


       DESCRIPTION
       Part 1: The basics
	   Simple word matching
	   Using character classes
	   Matching this or that
	   Grouping things and hierarchical matching
	   Extracting matches
	   Matching repetitions
	   Building a regexp
	   Using regular expressions in Perl
       Part 2: Power tools
	   More on characters, strings, and character classes
	   Compiling and saving regular expressions
	   Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression
	   Non-capturing groupings
	   Looking ahead and looking behind
	   Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking
	   Conditional expressions
	   A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression
	   Pragmas and debugging
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
	   Acknowledgments

       perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial


       DESCRIPTION
	   If we could talk to the animals...
	   Introducing the method invocation arrow
	   Invoking a barnyard
	   The extra parameter of method invocation
	   Calling a second method to simplify things
	   Inheriting the windpipes
	   A few notes about @ISA
	   Overriding the methods
	   Starting the search from a different place
	   The SUPER way of doing things
	   Where we're at so far...
	   A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?
	   Invoking an instance method
	   Accessing the instance data
	   How to build a horse
	   Inheriting the constructor
	   Making a method work with either classes or instances
	   Adding parameters to a method
	   More interesting instances
	   A horse of a different color
	   Summary
       SEE ALSO
       COPYRIGHT

       perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl


       DESCRIPTION
       Creating a Class
	   Object Representation
	   Class Interface
	   Constructors and Instance Methods
	   Planning for the Future: Better Constructors
	   Destructors
	   Other Object Methods
       Class Data
	   Accessing Class Data
	   Debugging Methods
	   Class Destructors
	   Documenting the Interface
       Aggregation
       Inheritance
	   Overridden Methods
	   Multiple Inheritance
	   UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects
       Alternate Object Representations
	   Arrays as Objects
	   Closures as Objects
       AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods
	   Autoloaded Data Methods
	   Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods
       Metaclassical Tools
	   Class::Struct
	   Data Members as Variables
       NOTES
	   Object Terminology
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
       COPYRIGHT
	   Acknowledgments

       perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl


       DESCRIPTION
       Class Data in a Can
       Class Data as Package Variables
	   Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket
	   Inheritance Concerns
	   The Eponymous Meta-Object
	   Indirect References to Class Data
	   Monadic Classes
	   Translucent Attributes
       Class Data as Lexical Variables
	   Privacy and Responsibility
	   File-Scoped Lexicals
	   More Inheritance Concerns
	   Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key
	   Translucency Revisited
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       HISTORY

       perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)


       DESCRIPTION
       OO SCALING TIPS
       INSTANCE VARIABLES
       SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES
       INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE
       OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS
       OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS
       USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM
       THINKING OF CODE REUSE
       CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT
       INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR
       DELEGATION
       SEE ALSO

       perlstyle - Perl style guide


       DESCRIPTION

       perlcheat - Perl 5 Cheat Sheet

       DESCRIPTION
	   The sheet
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary


       DESCRIPTION
	   Awk Traps
	   C/C++ Traps
	   Sed Traps
	   Shell Traps
	   Perl Traps
	   Perl4 to Perl5 Traps
	       Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps,
	       Numerical Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps -
	       scalar, list contexts, Precedence Traps, General Regular
	       Expression Traps using s///, etc, Subroutine, Signal, Sorting
	       Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps

	   Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps
	       Symbols starting with "_" no longer forced into main, Double-
	       colon valid package separator in variable name, 2nd and 3rd
	       args to "splice()" are now in scalar context, Can't do "goto"
	       into a block that is optimized away, Can't use whitespace as
	       variable name or quote delimiter, "while/if BLOCK BLOCK" gone,
	       "**" binds tighter than unary minus, "foreach" changed when
	       iterating over a list, "split" with no args behavior changed,
	       -e behavior fixed, "push" returns number of elements in result-
	       ing list, Some error messages differ, "split()" honors subrou-
	       tine args, Bugs removed

	   Parsing Traps
	       Space between . and = triggers syntax error, Better parsing in
	       perl 5, Function parsing, String interpolation of $#array dif-
	       fers, Perl guesses on "map", "grep" followed by "{" if it
	       starts BLOCK or hash ref

	   Numerical Traps
	       Formatted output and significant digits, Auto-increment opera-
	       tor over signed int limit deleted, Assignment of return values
	       from numeric equality tests doesn't work, Bitwise string ops

	   General data type traps
	       Negative array subscripts now count from the end of array, Set-
	       ting $#array lower now discards array elements, Hashes get
	       defined before use, Glob assignment from localized variable to
	       variable, Assigning "undef" to glob, Changes in unary negation
	       (of strings), Modifying of constants prohibited, "defined $var"
	       behavior changed, Variable Suicide

	   Context Traps - scalar, list contexts
	       Elements of argument lists for formats evaluated in list con-
	       text, "caller()" returns false value in scalar context if no
	       caller present, Comma operator in scalar context gives scalar
	       context to args, "sprintf()" prototyped as "($;@)"

	   Precedence Traps
	       LHS vs. RHS of any assignment operator, Semantic errors intro-
	       duced due to precedence, Precedence of assignment operators
	       same as the precedence of assignment, "open" requires parenthe-
	       ses around filehandle, $: precedence over $:: gone, Precedence
	       of file test operators documented, "keys", "each", "values" are
	       regular named unary operators

	   General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.
	       "s'$lhs'$rhs'" interpolates on either side, "m//g" attaches its
	       state to the searched string, "m//o" used within an anonymous
	       sub, $+ isn't set to whole match, Substitution now returns null
	       string if it fails, "s`lhs`rhs`" is now a normal substitution,
	       Stricter parsing of variables in regular expressions, "m?x?"
	       matches only once, Failed matches don't reset the match vari-
	       ables

	   Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps
	       Barewords that used to look like strings look like subroutine
	       calls, Reverse is no longer allowed as the name of a sort sub-
	       routine, "warn()" won't let you specify a filehandle

	   OS Traps
	       SysV resets signal handler correctly, SysV "seek()" appends
	       correctly

	   Interpolation Traps
	       "@" always interpolates an array in double-quotish strings,
	       Double-quoted strings may no longer end with an unescaped $,
	       Arbitrary expressions are evaluated inside braces within double
	       quotes, $$x now tries to dereference $x, Creation of hashes on
	       the fly with "eval "EXPR"" requires protection, Bugs in earlier
	       perl versions, Array and hash brackets during interpolation,
	       Interpolation of "\$$foo{bar}", "qq()" string passed to "eval"
	       will not find string terminator

	   DBM Traps
	       Perl5 must have been linked with same dbm/ndbm as the default
	       for "dbmopen()", DBM exceeding limit on the key/value size will
	       cause perl5 to exit immediately

	   Unclassified Traps
	       "require"/"do" trap using returned value, "split" on empty
	       string with LIMIT specified

       perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial


       DESCRIPTION
       use strict
       Looking at data and -w and v
       help
       Stepping through code
       Placeholder for a, w, t, T
       REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
       OUTPUT TIPS
       CGI
       GUIs
       SUMMARY
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       CONTRIBUTORS

       perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2005/12/30
       15:04:07 $)


       DESCRIPTION
	   Where to get the perlfaq
	   How to contribute to the perlfaq
	   What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the
	   authors
       Credits
       Author and Copyright Information
	   Bundled Distributions
	   Disclaimer
       Table of Contents
	   perlfaq  - this document, perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl,
	   perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl, perlfaq3 - Program-
	   ming Tools, perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation, perlfaq5 - Files and For-
	   mats, perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions, perlfaq7 - General Perl Lan-
	   guage Issues, perlfaq8 - System Interaction, perlfaq9 - Networking

       The Questions
	   perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl
	   perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl
	   perlfaq3: Programming Tools
	   perlfaq4: Data Manipulation
	   perlfaq5: Files and Formats
	   perlfaq6: Regular Expressions
	   perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues
	   perlfaq8: System Interaction
	   perlfaq9: Networking

       perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.19 $, $Date:
       2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)


       DESCRIPTION
	   What is Perl?
	   Who supports Perl?  Who develops it?  Why is it free?
	   Which version of Perl should I use?
	   What are perl4, perl5, or perl6?
	   What is Ponie?
	   What is perl6?
	   How stable is Perl?
	   Is Perl difficult to learn?
	   How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX,
	   Scheme, or Tcl?
	   Can I do [task] in Perl?
	   When shouldn't I program in Perl?
	   What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?
	   Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?
	   What is a JAPH?
	   Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?
	   How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version
	   5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date:
       2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)


       DESCRIPTION
	   What machines support perl?	Where do I get it?
	   How can I get a binary version of perl?
	   I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?
	   I copied the perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts
	   don't work.
	   I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic load-
	   ing/malloc/linking/... failed.  How do I make it work?
	   What modules and extensions are available for Perl?	What is CPAN?
	   What does CPAN/src/... mean?
	   Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?
	   Where can I get information on Perl?
	   What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet?  Where do I post questions?
	   Where should I post source code?
	   Perl Books
	       References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics

	   Perl in Magazines
	   Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access
	   What mailing lists are there for Perl?
	   Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc
	   Where can I buy a commercial version of perl?
	   Where do I send bug reports?
	   What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.56 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
       00:54:37 $)


       DESCRIPTION
	   How do I do (anything)?
	   How can I use Perl interactively?
	   Is there a Perl shell?
	   How do I find which modules are installed on my system?
	   How do I debug my Perl programs?
	   How do I profile my Perl programs?
	   How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?
	   Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?
	   Is there a ctags for Perl?
	   Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?
	       Eclipse, Enginsite, Komodo, Open Perl IDE, OptiPerl, Perl-
	       Builder, visiPerl+, Visual Perl, Zeus, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS,
	       XEmacs, Jed, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, MultiEdit,
	       SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, Affrus, Alpha, BBEdit and BBE-
	       dit Lite

	   Where can I get Perl macros for vi?
	   Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?
	   How can I use curses with Perl?
	   How can I use X or Tk with Perl?
	   How can I make my Perl program run faster?
	   How can I make my Perl program take less memory?
	       Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary
	       quotes and stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large vari-
	       ables to disk

	   Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data?
	   How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?
	   How can I make my CGI script more efficient?
	   How can I hide the source for my Perl program?
	   How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?
	   How can I compile Perl into Java?
	   How can I get "#!perl" to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?
	   Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?
	   Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?
	   Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?
	   Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?
	   Where can I learn about linking C with Perl?
	   I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C
	   program; what am I doing wrong?
	   When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it
	   mean?
	   What's MakeMaker?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.73 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
       00:54:37 $)


       DESCRIPTION
       Data: Numbers
	   Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of
	   the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?
	   Why is int() broken?
	   Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?
	   Does Perl have a round() function?  What about ceil() and floor()?
	   Trig functions?
	   How do I convert between numeric representations/bases/radixes?
	       How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert
	       from decimal to hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to
	       decimal, How do I convert from decimal to octal, How do I con-
	       vert from binary to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to
	       binary

	   Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?
	   How do I multiply matrices?
	   How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?
	   How can I output Roman numerals?
	   Why aren't my random numbers random?
	   How do I get a random number between X and Y?
       Data: Dates
	   How do I find the day or week of the year?
	   How do I find the current century or millennium?
	   How can I compare two dates and find the difference?
	   How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?
	   How can I find the Julian Day?
	   How do I find yesterday's date?
	   Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem?	Is Perl Y2K compliant?
       Data: Strings
	   How do I validate input?
	   How do I unescape a string?
	   How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?
	   How do I expand function calls in a string?
	   How do I find matching/nesting anything?
	   How do I reverse a string?
	   How do I expand tabs in a string?
	   How do I reformat a paragraph?
	   How can I access or change N characters of a string?
	   How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?
	   How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a
	   string?
	   How do I capitalize all the words on one line?
	   How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside
	   [character]?
	   How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?
	   How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?
	   How do I extract selected columns from a string?
	   How do I find the soundex value of a string?
	   How can I expand variables in text strings?
	   What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?
	   Why don't my <defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?
       Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)
	   How do I process an entire hash?
	   What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating
	   over it?
	   How do I look up a hash element by value?
	   How can I know how many entries are in a hash?
	   How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?
	   How can I always keep my hash sorted?
	   What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?
	   Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?
	   How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?
	   How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?
	   How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?
	   How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?
	   Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create
	   it?
	   How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash
	   or array of hashes or arrays?
	   How can I use a reference as a hash key?
       Data: Misc
	   How do I handle binary data correctly?
	   How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/inte-
	   ger/float?
	   How do I keep persistent data across program calls?
	   How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?
	   How do I define methods for every class/object?
	   How do I verify a credit card checksum?
	   How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.42 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
       00:54:37 $)


       DESCRIPTION
	   How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle?  Why must I do this?
	   How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a
	   line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?
	   How do I count the number of lines in a file?
	   How can I use Perl's "-i" option from within a program?
	   How can I copy a file?
	   How do I make a temporary file name?
	   How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?
	   How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine?  How do I pass
	   filehandles between subroutines?  How do I make an array of file-
	   handles?
	   How can I use a filehandle indirectly?
	   How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?
	   How can I write() into a string?
	   How can I output my numbers with commas added?
	   How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?
	   How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?
	   Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?
	   Is there a leak/bug in glob()?
	   How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?
	   How can I reliably rename a file?
	   How can I lock a file?
	   Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?
	   I still don't get locking.  I just want to increment the number in
	   the file.  How can I do this?
	   All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a
	   file.  Do I still have to use locking?
	   How do I randomly update a binary file?
	   How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?
	   How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?
	   How do I print to more than one file at once?
	   How can I read in an entire file all at once?
	   How can I read in a file by paragraphs?
	   How can I read a single character from a file?  From the keyboard?
	   How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?
	   How do I do a "tail -f" in perl?
	   How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?
	   How do I close a file descriptor by number?
	   Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths?	Why doesn't
	   `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?
	   Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?
	   Why does Perl let me delete read-only files?  Why does "-i" clobber
	   protected files?  Isn't this a bug in Perl?
	   How do I select a random line from a file?
	   Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.38 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
       00:54:37 $)


       DESCRIPTION
	   How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegi-
	   ble and unmaintainable code?
	       Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Differ-
	       ent Delimiters

	   I'm having trouble matching over more than one line.  What's wrong?
	   How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves
	   on different lines?
	   I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's
	   wrong?
	   How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving
	   case on the RHS?
	   How can I make "\w" match national character sets?
	   How can I match a locale-smart version of "/[a-zA-Z]/"?
	   How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?
	   What is "/o" really for?
	   How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a
	   file?
	   Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?
	   What does it mean that regexes are greedy?  How can I get around
	   it?
	   How do I process each word on each line?
	   How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?
	   How can I do approximate matching?
	   How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?
	   Why don't word-boundary searches with "\b" work for me?
	   Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?
	   What good is "\G" in a regular expression?
	   Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs?  Are they POSIX compliant?
	   What's wrong with using grep in a void context?
	   How can I match strings with multibyte characters?
	   How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date:
       2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)


       DESCRIPTION
	   Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?
	   What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when
	   to use them?
	   Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and
	   commas?
	   How do I skip some return values?
	   How do I temporarily block warnings?
	   What's an extension?
	   Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?
	   How do I declare/create a structure?
	   How do I create a module?
	   How do I create a class?
	   How can I tell if a variable is tainted?
	   What's a closure?
	   What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?
	   How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method,
	   Regex}?
	       Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing
	       Regexes, Passing Methods

	   How do I create a static variable?
	   What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping?
	   Between local() and my()?
	   How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical
	   is in scope?
	   What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?
	   Why doesn't "my($foo) = ;" work right?
	   How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?
	   What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?
	   How do I create a switch or case statement?
	   How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or
	   methods?
	   Why can't a method included in this same file be found?
	   How can I find out my current package?
	   How can I comment out a large block of perl code?
	   How do I clear a package?
	   How can I use a variable as a variable name?
	   What does "bad interpreter" mean?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.27 $, $Date: 2005/12/31
       00:54:37 $)


       DESCRIPTION
	   How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?
	   How come exec() doesn't return?
	   How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?
	       Keyboard, Screen, Mouse

	   How do I print something out in color?
	   How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?
	   How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?
	   How do I clear the screen?
	   How do I get the screen size?
	   How do I ask the user for a password?
	   How do I read and write the serial port?
	       lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-block-
	       ing input

	   How do I decode encrypted password files?
	   How do I start a process in the background?
	       STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies

	   How do I trap control characters/signals?
	   How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?
	   How do I set the time and date?
	   How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?
	   How can I measure time under a second?
	   How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception han-
	   dling)
	   Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)?  What
	   does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?
	   How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?
	   Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?
	   Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?
	   How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?
	   Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?
	   How can I capture STDERR from an external command?
	   Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?
	   What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?
	   How can I call backticks without shell processing?
	   Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on
	   Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?
	   How can I convert my shell script to perl?
	   Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?
	   How can I write expect in Perl?
	   Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as
	   "ps"?
	   I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl
	   script. How come the change disappeared when I exited the script?
	   How do I get my changes to be visible?
	       Unix

	   How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to
	   complete?
	   How do I fork a daemon process?
	   How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?
	   How do I timeout a slow event?
	   How do I set CPU limits?
	   How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?
	   How do I use an SQL database?
	   How do I make a system() exit on control-C?
	   How do I open a file without blocking?
	   How do I tell the difference between errors from the shell and
	   perl?
	   How do I install a module from CPAN?
	   What's the difference between require and use?
	   How do I keep my own module/library directory?
	   How do I add the directory my program lives in to the mod-
	   ule/library search path?
	   How do I add a directory to my include path (@INC) at runtime?
	   What is socket.ph and where do I get it?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.28 $, $Date: 2005/12/31 00:54:37 $)


       DESCRIPTION
	   What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?
	   My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser.  (500
	   Server Error)
	   How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?
	   How do I remove HTML from a string?
	   How do I extract URLs?
	   How do I download a file from the user's machine?  How do I open a
	   file on another machine?
	   How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?
	   How do I fetch an HTML file?
	   How do I automate an HTML form submission?
	   How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?
	   How do I redirect to another page?
	   How do I put a password on my web pages?
	   How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?
	   How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause
	   my CGI script to do bad things?
	   How do I parse a mail header?
	   How do I decode a CGI form?
	   How do I check a valid mail address?
	   How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?
	   How do I return the user's mail address?
	   How do I send mail?
	   How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?
	   How do I read mail?
	   How do I find out my hostname, domainname, or IP address?
	       gethostbyname, Socket, Net::Domain, Sys::Hostname"
	   How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?
	   How do I fetch/put an FTP file?
	   How can I do RPC in Perl?
       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlsyn - Perl syntax


       DESCRIPTION
	   Declarations
	   Comments
	   Simple Statements
	   Truth and Falsehood
	   Statement Modifiers
	   Compound Statements
	   Loop Control
	   For Loops
	   Foreach Loops
	   Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements
	   Goto
	   PODs: Embedded Documentation
	   Plain Old Comments (Not!)

       perldata - Perl data types


       DESCRIPTION
	   Variable names
	   Context
	   Scalar values
	   Scalar value constructors
	   List value constructors
	   Subscripts
	   Slices
	   Typeglobs and Filehandles
       SEE ALSO

       perlop - Perl operators and precedence


       DESCRIPTION
	   Operator Precedence and Associativity
	   Terms and List Operators (Leftward)
	   The Arrow Operator
	   Auto-increment and Auto-decrement
	   Exponentiation
	   Symbolic Unary Operators
	   Binding Operators
	   Multiplicative Operators
	   Additive Operators
	   Shift Operators
	   Named Unary Operators
	   Relational Operators
	   Equality Operators
	   Bitwise And
	   Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or
	   C-style Logical And
	   C-style Logical Or
	   Range Operators
	   Conditional Operator
	   Assignment Operators
	   Comma Operator
	   List Operators (Rightward)
	   Logical Not
	   Logical And
	   Logical or and Exclusive Or
	       err operator, logical, defined or operator, logical, exclusive
	       or or xor err"
	   C Operators Missing From Perl
	       unary &, unary *, (TYPE)

	   Quote and Quote-like Operators
	   Regexp Quote-Like Operators
	       ?PATTERN? , m/PATTERN/cgimosx
		, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/	 , 'STRING', qq/STRING/    ,
	       "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx      , qx/STRING/
		, `STRING`, qw/STRING/	 , s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx

		 , tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds
		  , y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <", "?RE?", "/RE/",
	       "m/RE/", "s/RE/foo/",, Interpolation of regular expressions ,
	       Optimization of regular expressions optimization"

	   I/O Operators
	   Constant Folding
	   No-ops
	   Bitwise String Operators
	   Integer Arithmetic
	   Floating-point Arithmetic
	   Bigger Numbers

       perlsub - Perl subroutines


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Private Variables via my()
	   Persistent Private Variables
	   Temporary Values via local()
	   Lvalue subroutines
	       Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL

	   Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)
	   When to Still Use local()
	   Pass by Reference
	   Prototypes
	   Constant Functions
	   Overriding Built-in Functions
	   Autoloading
	   Subroutine Attributes
       SEE ALSO

       perlfunc - Perl builtin functions


       DESCRIPTION
	   Perl Functions by Category
	       Functions for SCALARs or strings   , Regular expressions and
	       pattern matching   , Numeric functions	 , Functions for real
	       @ARRAYs , Functions for list data , Functions for real %HASHes
	       , Input and output functions
		 , Functions for fixed length data or records, Functions for
	       filehandles, files, or directories
		  , Keywords related to the control flow of your Perl program
	       , Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Func-
	       tions for processes and process groups
		 , Keywords related to perl modules , Keywords related to
	       classes and object-orientedness
		, Low-level socket functions  , System V interprocess communi-
	       cation functions
		 , Fetching user and group info
		     , Fetching network info , Time-related functions  , Func-
	       tions new in perl5 , Functions obsoleted in perl5

	   Portability
	   Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
	       -X FILEHANDLE

	       , -X EXPR, -X, abs VALUE  , abs, accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET
	       , alarm SECONDS	 , alarm, atan2 Y,X
		  , bind SOCKET,NAME , binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER     , binmode
	       FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME , bless REF, caller EXPR
		 , caller, chdir EXPR  , chdir FILEHANDLE, chdir DIRHANDLE,
	       chdir, chmod LIST , chomp VARIABLE , chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop
	       VARIABLE , chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST    , chr NUMBER
		 , chr, chroot FILENAME  , chroot, close FILEHANDLE , close,
	       closedir DIRHANDLE , connect SOCKET,NAME , continue BLOCK , cos
	       EXPR
		 , cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT

		, dbmclose HASH , dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK     , defined EXPR
		 , defined, delete EXPR , die LIST
		    , do BLOCK , do SUBROUTINE(LIST) , do EXPR , dump LABEL
		, dump, each HASH  , eof FILEHANDLE   , eof (), eof, eval EXPR
		    , eval BLOCK, eval, exec LIST  , exec PROGRAM LIST, exists
	       EXPR , exit EXPR   , exit, exp EXPR     , exp, fcntl FILEHAN-
	       DLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , fileno FILEHANDLE , flock FILEHAN-
	       DLE,OPERATION   , fork , format , formline PICTURE,LIST , getc
	       FILEHANDLE  , getc, getlogin  , getpeername SOCKET  , getpgrp
	       PID  , getppid	, getpriority WHICH,WHO
		, getpwnam NAME





		 , getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, get-
	       protobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname
	       NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr
	       ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport
	       PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getpro-
	       toent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN,
	       setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN,
	       endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endser-
	       vent, getsockname SOCKET , getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME ,
	       glob EXPR
		, glob, gmtime EXPR , gmtime, goto LABEL   , goto EXPR, goto
	       &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST , grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR , hex, import
	       LIST , index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION
		 , index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR
		, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR , join EXPR,LIST ,
	       keys HASH  , kill SIGNAL, LIST , last LABEL  , last, lc EXPR  ,
	       lc, lcfirst EXPR  , lcfirst, length EXPR , length, link OLD-
	       FILE,NEWFILE , listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE , local EXPR , localtime
	       EXPR , localtime, lock THING , log EXPR	   , log, lstat EXPR ,
	       lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST , map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK
	       , mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG , msgget KEY,FLAGS , msgrcv
	       ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS , msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS , my EXPR , my
	       TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL
		, next, no Module VERSION LIST , no Module VERSION, no Module
	       LIST, no Module, oct EXPR
		, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR , open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open
	       FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open
	       FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR , ord EXPR  , ord, our EXPR
	       , our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack
	       TEMPLATE,LIST , package NAMESPACE   , package, pipe READHAN-
	       DLE,WRITEHANDLE , pop ARRAY  , pop, pos SCALAR
		, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST , print LIST, print, printf FILE-
	       HANDLE FORMAT, LIST , printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION ,
	       push ARRAY,LIST , , q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/,
	       qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR
		, quotemeta, rand EXPR	, rand, read FILEHAN-
	       DLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, read-
	       dir DIRHANDLE , readline EXPR
		 , readlink EXPR , readlink, readpipe EXPR , recv
	       SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS , redo LABEL , redo, ref EXPR  ,
	       ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME
		  , require VERSION , require EXPR, require, reset EXPR ,
	       reset, return EXPR , return, reverse LIST   , rewinddir DIRHAN-
	       DLE , rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION , rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir
	       FILENAME
		, rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR  , seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE
	       , seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS , select FILEHANDLE  , select, select
	       RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT , semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG , semget
	       KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS , semop KEY,OPSTRING , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO
	       , send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP  , setpriority
	       WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY    , setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL
	       , shift ARRAY , shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG , shmget
	       KEY,SIZE,FLAGS , shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE  , shmwrite
	       ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW , sin EXPR , sin, sleep
	       EXPR  , sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , socketpair
	       SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL , sort SUBNAME LIST
		  , sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFF-
	       SET,LENGTH,LIST , splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFF-
	       SET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT , split /PAT-
	       TERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST , for-
	       mat parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, pre-
	       cision, or maximum width , size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR
	       , sqrt, srand EXPR , srand, stat FILEHANDLE  , stat EXPR, stat,
	       study SCALAR , study, sub NAME BLOCK , sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK,
	       sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, substr
	       EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT , substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,
	       substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE    , syscall NUM-
	       BER, LIST  , sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE , sysopen FILE-
	       HANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHAN-
	       DLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,
	       sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE  , system LIST , system PRO-
	       GRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET , syswrite
	       FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell
	       FILEHANDLE , tell, telldir DIRHANDLE , tie VARIABLE,CLASS-
	       NAME,LIST , tied VARIABLE , time , times , tr///, truncate
	       FILEHANDLE,LENGTH , truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR   , uc,
	       ucfirst EXPR  , ucfirst, umask EXPR , umask, undef EXPR	,
	       undef, unlink LIST , unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR , untie VARI-
	       ABLE , unshift ARRAY,LIST , use Module VERSION LIST , use Mod-
	       ule VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime
	       LIST , values HASH , vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS
		, wait , waitpid PID,FLAGS , wantarray
		, warn LIST   , write FILEHANDLE , write EXPR, write, y///
	       default select semctl semget semop send setpgrp group setprior-
	       ity priority nice renice setsockopt shift shmctl shmget shmread
	       shmwrite shutdown sin sine asin arcsine sleep pause socket
	       socketpair sort qsort quicksort mergesort splice split sprintf
	       precision sqrt root square root srand seed randseed stat file,
	       status study sub substr substring mid left right symlink link
	       symbolic link link, symbolic syscall system call sysopen sys-
	       read sysseek lseek system shell syswrite tell telldir tie tied
	       time epoch times truncate uc uppercase toupper ucfirst upper-
	       case umask undef undefine unlink delete remove rm unpack untie
	       unshift use module import utime values vec bit bit vector wait
	       waitpid wantarray context warn warning STDERR write"

       perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl


       DESCRIPTION
       Open A la shell
	   Simple Opens
	   Indirect Filehandles
	   Pipe Opens
	   The Minus File
	   Mixing Reads and Writes
	   Filters
       Open A la C
	   Permissions A la mode
       Obscure Open Tricks
	   Re-Opening Files (dups)
	   Dispelling the Dweomer
	   Paths as Opens
	   Single Argument Open
	   Playing with STDIN and STDOUT
       Other I/O Issues
	   Opening Non-File Files
	   Opening Named Pipes
	   Opening Sockets
	   Binary Files
	   File Locking
	   IO Layers
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
       HISTORY

       perlpacktut - tutorial on "pack" and "unpack"


       DESCRIPTION
       The Basic Principle
       Packing Text
       Packing Numbers
	   Integers
	   Unpacking a Stack Frame
	   How to Eat an Egg on a Net
	   Floating point Numbers
       Exotic Templates
	   Bit Strings
	   Uuencoding
	   Doing Sums
	   Unicode
	   Another Portable Binary Encoding
       Template Grouping
       Lengths and Widths
	   String Lengths
	   Dynamic Templates
	   Counting Repetitions
       Packing and Unpacking C Structures
	   The Alignment Pit
	   Alignment, Take 2
	   Alignment, Take 3
	   Pointers for How to Use Them
       Pack Recipes
       Funnies Section
       Authors

       perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format


       DESCRIPTION
	   Ordinary Paragraph
	   Verbatim Paragraph
	   Command Paragraph
	       "=head1 Heading Text"
		 , "=head2 Heading Text", "=head3 Heading Text", "=head4 Head-
	       ing Text", "=over indentlevel"
		   , "=item stuff...", "=back", "=cut"	, "=pod"  , "=begin
	       formatname"
		    , "=end formatname", "=for formatname text...", "=encoding
	       encodingname"

	   Formatting Codes
	       "I" -- italic text    , "B" -- bold text
		, "C" -- code text
		 , "L" -- a hyperlink , "E" -- a character
	       escape
		, "F" -- used for filenames , "S" -- text con-
	       tains non-breaking spaces
		  , "X" -- an index entry
		, "Z<>" -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code code, italic
	       italic B B<> POD, formatting code, bold bold C C<> POD, format-
	       ting code, code code L L<> POD, formatting code, hyperlink
	       hyperlink E E<> POD, formatting code, escape escape F F<> POD,
	       formatting code, filename filename S S<> POD, formatting code,
	       non-breaking space non-breaking space X X<> POD, formatting
	       code, index entry index entry Z Z<> POD, formatting code, null
	       null"

	   The Intent
	   Embedding Pods in Perl Modules
	   Hints for Writing Pod


       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes


       DESCRIPTION
       Pod Definitions
       Pod Commands
	   "=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over",
	   "=item", "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for
	   formatname text...", "=encoding encodingname"

       Pod Formatting Codes
	   "I" -- italic text, "B" -- bold text, "C" -- code
	   text, "F" -- style for filenames, "X" -- an
	   index entry, "Z<>" -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code,
	   "L" -- a hyperlink, "E" -- a character escape,
	   "S" -- text contains non-breaking spaces

       Notes on Implementing Pod Processors
       About L<...> Codes
	   First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:

       About =over...=back Regions
       About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   #! and quoting on non-Unix systems
	       OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS

	   Location of Perl
	   Command Switches
	       -0[octal/hexadecimal]  , -a  , -C [nnuummbbeerr//lliisstt] , -c , -d  ,
	       -dt, -d:foo[=bar,baz]  , -dt:foo[=bar,baz], -Dletters   ,
	       -Dnumber, -e commandline , -f , -Fpattern , -h , -i[extension]
	       , -Idirectory  , -l[octnum]   , -m[-]module  , -M[-]module,
	       -M[-]'module ...', -[mM][-]module=arg[,arg]..., -n , -p , -P ,
	       -s , -S , -t , -T , -u , -U , -v , -V , -V:configvar, -w , -W ,
	       -X , -x , -x directory

       ENVIRONMENT
	   HOME , LOGDIR , PATH , PERL5LIB , PERL5OPT , PERLIO , :bytes ,
	   :crlf , :mmap , :perlio , :pop , :raw , :stdio , :unix , :utf8 ,
	   :win32 , PERLIO_DEBUG , PERLLIB , PERL5DB , PERL5DB_THREADED ,
	   PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_ALLOW_NON_IFS_LSP
	   (specific to the Win32 port) , PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS ,
	   PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL , PERL_DL_NONLAZY , PERL_ENCODING ,
	   PERL_HASH_SEED , PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG , PERL_ROOT (specific to the
	   VMS port) , PERL_SIGNALS , PERL_UNICODE , SYS$LOGIN (specific to
	   the VMS port)

       perldiag - various Perl diagnostics


       DESCRIPTION

       perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings

       DESCRIPTION
	   Default Warnings and Optional Warnings
	   What's wrong with -w and $^W
	   Controlling Warnings from the Command Line
	       -w , -W , -X

	   Backward Compatibility
	   Category Hierarchy
	   Fatal Warnings
	   Reporting Warnings from a Module
       TODO
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perldebug - Perl debugging


       DESCRIPTION
       The Perl Debugger
	   Debugger Commands
	       h , h [command], h h, p expr , x [maxdepth] expr , V [pkg
	       [vars]] , X [vars] , y [level [vars]] , T   , s [expr]  , n
	       [expr] , r , , c [line|sub] , l , l min+incr, l min-max, l
	       line, l subname, - , v [line] , . , f filename , /pattern/,
	       ?pattern?, L [abw] , S [[!]regex] , t , t expr , b , b [line]
	       [condition]  , b subname [condition]  , b postpone subname
	       [condition]  , b load filename  , b compile subname
		, B line  , B *  , a [line] command , A line , A * , w expr ,
	       W expr , W * , o , o booloption ...  , o anyoption? ... , o
	       option=value ... , < ? , < [ command ] , < * , << command , > ?
	       , > command , > * , >> command , { ? , { [ command ], { * , {{
	       command , ! number , ! -number , !  pattern , !! cmd , source
	       file , H -number , q or ^D
		, R , |dbcmd , ||dbcmd , command, m expr , M , man [manpage]
	       command, V debugger command, X debugger command, y debugger
	       command, T backtrace stack, backtrace debugger command, s step
	       debugger command, n debugger command, r debugger command, c
	       debugger command, l debugger command, - debugger command, v
	       debugger command, . debugger command, f debugger command, L
	       debugger command, S debugger command, t debugger command, t
	       breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b
	       breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b
	       breakpoint debugger command, b breakpoint debugger command, b
	       breakpoint debugger command, B breakpoint debugger command, B
	       debugger command, a debugger command, A debugger command, A
	       debugger command, w debugger command, W debugger command, W
	       debugger command, o debugger command, o debugger command, o
	       debugger command, o debugger command, < debugger command, <
	       debugger command, < debugger command, << debugger command, >
	       debugger command, > debugger command, > debugger command, >>
	       debugger command, { debugger command, { debugger command, {{
	       debugger command, ! debugger command, ! debugger command, !
	       debugger command, !! debugger command, source debugger command,
	       H debugger command, q debugger command, ^D debugger command, R
	       debugger command, | debugger command, || debugger command, m
	       debugger command, M debugger command, man"

	   Configurable Options
	       "recallCommand", "ShellBang"  , "pager" , "tkRunning" , "sig-
	       nalLevel", "warnLevel", "dieLevel"
		 , "AutoTrace" , "LineInfo" , "inhibit_exit" , "PrintRet" ,
	       "ornaments" , "frame" , "maxTraceLen" , "windowSize" , "array-
	       Depth", "hashDepth"  , "dumpDepth" , "compactDump",
	       "veryCompact" , "globPrint" , "DumpDBFiles" , "DumpPackages" ,
	       "DumpReused" , "quote", "HighBit", "undefPrint"
		, "UsageOnly" , "TTY" , "noTTY" , "ReadLine" , "NonStop"
	       option, ShellBang debugger option, pager debugger option,
	       tkRunning debugger option, signalLevel debugger option, warn-
	       Level debugger option, dieLevel debugger option, AutoTrace
	       debugger option, LineInfo debugger option, inhibit_exit debug-
	       ger option, PrintRet debugger option, ornaments debugger
	       option, frame debugger option, maxTraceLen debugger option,
	       windowSize debugger option, arrayDepth debugger option,
	       hashDepth debugger option, dumpDepth debugger option, compact-
	       Dump debugger option, veryCompact debugger option, globPrint
	       debugger option, DumpDBFiles debugger option, DumpPackages
	       debugger option, DumpReused debugger option, quote debugger
	       option, HighBit debugger option, undefPrint debugger option,
	       UsageOnly debugger option, TTY debugger option, noTTY debugger
	       option, ReadLine debugger option, NonStop"

	   Debugger input/output
	       Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace  , Line Listing
	       Format, Frame listing backtrace"

	   Debugging compile-time statements
	   Debugger Customization
	   Readline Support
	   Editor Support for Debugging
	   The Perl Profiler
       Debugging regular expressions
       Debugging memory usage
       SEE ALSO
       BUGS

       perlvar - Perl predefined variables


       DESCRIPTION
	   Predefined Names
	       $ARG, $_, $a, $b, $<digits>, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POST-
	       MATCH, $', $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $*,
	       HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $,
	       IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARA-
	       TOR, $RS, $/, HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|,
	       IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARA-
	       TOR, $OFS, $,, IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUT-
	       PUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUB-
	       SCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $#, HANDLE->format_page_num-
	       ber(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, HANDLE->for-
	       mat_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, HAN-
	       DLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-,
	       @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, $` is the same as "substr($var, 0,
	       $-[0])", $& is the same as "substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] -
	       $-[0])", $' is the same as "substr($var, $+[0])", $1 is the
	       same as "substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1])", $2 is the same as
	       "substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2])", $3 is the same as "sub-
	       str($var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3])", HANDLE->format_name(EXPR),
	       $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FOR-
	       MAT_TOP_NAME, $^, IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters
	       EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->for-
	       mat_formfeed EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A,
	       $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!,
	       $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID,
	       $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>,
	       $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PRO-
	       GRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYS-
	       TEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME,
	       $^O, ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10,
	       0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, 0x400, $LAST_REG-
	       EXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME,
	       $^T, ${^TAINT}, ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE}, $PERL_VERSION,
	       $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X,
	       ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV,
	       $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}

	   Error Indicators
	   Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names
       BUGS

       perlre - Perl regular expressions


       DESCRIPTION
	   i	, m    , s
	    , x expression, case-insensitive  m regex, multiline regexp, mul-
	   tiline regular expression, multiline  s regex, single-line regexp,
	   single-line regular expression, single-line	x"

	   Regular Expressions
	       [1], [2], [3], cntrl , graph , print , punct , xdigit

	   Extended Patterns
	       "(?#text)" , "(?imsx-imsx)" , "(?:pattern)" , "(?imsx-imsx:pat-
	       tern)", "(?=pattern)" , "(?!pattern)" , "(?<=pattern)" ,
	       "(?pattern)"  , "(?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)"
	       , "(?(condition)yes-pattern)" postponed regex, recursive reg-
	       exp, recursive regular expression, recursive backtrack back-
	       tracking (?()"

	   Backtracking
	   Version 8 Regular Expressions
	   Warning on \1 vs $1
	   Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring
	   Combining pieces together
	       "ST", "S|T", "S{REPEAT_COUNT}", "S{min,max}", "S{min,max}?",
	       "S?", "S*", "S+", "S??", "S*?", "S+?", "(?>S)", "(?=S)",
	       "(?<=S)", "(?!S)", "(?perlreref - Perl Regular Expressions Reference


       DESCRIPTION
	   OPERATORS
	   SYNTAX
	   ESCAPE SEQUENCES
	   CHARACTER CLASSES
	   ANCHORS
	   QUANTIFIERS
	   EXTENDED CONSTRUCTS
	   VARIABLES
	   FUNCTIONS
	   TERMINOLOGY
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO
       THANKS

       perlref - Perl references and nested data structures


       NOTE
       DESCRIPTION
	   Making References
	       1.  , 2.
		  , 3.

		 , 4.	    , 5.  , 6. , 7.  anonymous subroutine, reference
	       reference, subroutine scope, lexical closure lexical lexical
	       scope constructor new autovivification *foo{THING} *"

	   Using References
	       2.   , 3.   , 4.

	   Symbolic references
	   Not-so-symbolic references
	   Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash
	   Function Templates
       WARNING
       SEE ALSO

       perlform - Perl formats


       DESCRIPTION
	   Text Fields
	   Numeric Fields
	   The Field @* for Variable Width Multi-Line Text
	   The Field ^* for Variable Width One-line-at-a-time Text
	   Specifying Values
	   Using Fill Mode
	   Suppressing Lines Where All Fields Are Void
	   Repeating Format Lines
	   Top of Form Processing
	   Format Variables
       NOTES
	   Footers
	   Accessing Formatting Internals
       WARNINGS

       perlobj - Perl objects


       DESCRIPTION
	   An Object is Simply a Reference
	   A Class is Simply a Package
	   A Method is Simply a Subroutine
	   Method Invocation
	   Indirect Object Syntax
	   Default UNIVERSAL methods
	       isa(CLASS) , can(METHOD) , VERSION( [NEED] )

	   Destructors
	   Summary
	   Two-Phased Garbage Collection
       SEE ALSO

       perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Tying Scalars
	       TIESCALAR classname, LIST , FETCH this , STORE this, value ,
	       UNTIE this , DESTROY this

	   Tying Arrays
	       TIEARRAY classname, LIST , FETCH this, index , STORE this,
	       index, value , FETCHSIZE this , STORESIZE this, count , EXTEND
	       this, count , EXISTS this, key , DELETE this, key , CLEAR this
	       , PUSH this, LIST
		, POP this , SHIFT this , UNSHIFT this, LIST , SPLICE this,
	       offset, length, LIST , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

	   Tying Hashes
	       USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST , FETCH
	       this, key , STORE this, key, value , DELETE this, key , CLEAR
	       this , EXISTS this, key , FIRSTKEY this , NEXTKEY this, lastkey
	       , SCALAR this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

	   Tying FileHandles
	       TIEHANDLE classname, LIST , WRITE this, LIST , PRINT this, LIST
	       , PRINTF this, LIST , READ this, LIST , READLINE this , GETC
	       this , CLOSE this , UNTIE this , DESTROY this

	   UNTIE this
	   The "untie" Gotcha
       SEE ALSO
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, fil-
	   ter_fetch_value

	   The Filter
	   An Example -- the NULL termination problem.
	   Another Example -- Key is a C int.
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe
       subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)


       DESCRIPTION
       Signals
	   Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons
       Named Pipes
	   Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)
	       Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Restartable system
	       calls, Signals as "faults", Signals triggered by operating sys-
	       tem state

       Using open() for IPC
	   Filehandles
	   Background Processes
	   Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent
	   Safe Pipe Opens
	   Bidirectional Communication with Another Process
	   Bidirectional Communication with Yourself
       Sockets: Client/Server Communication
	   Internet Line Terminators
	   Internet TCP Clients and Servers
	   Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers
       TCP Clients with IO::Socket
	   A Simple Client
	       "Proto", "PeerAddr", "PeerPort"

	   A Webget Client
	   Interactive Client with IO::Socket
       TCP Servers with IO::Socket
	   Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse

       UDP: Message Passing
       SysV IPC
       NOTES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes
	       $$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that
	       accept filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(),
	       Open handles to files, directories and network sockets

	   Resource limits
	   Killing the parent process
	   Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes
	   CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS
	       BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet
	       implemented, Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter
	       embedded in larger application, Thread-safety of extensions

       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       Storing numbers
       Numeric operators and numeric conversions
       Flavors of Perl numeric operations
	   Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during "use inte-
	   ger", Other mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise
	   operators during "use integer", Operators which expect an integer,
	   Operators which expect a string

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl


       DESCRIPTION
       Status
       What Is A Thread Anyway?
       Threaded Program Models
	   Boss/Worker
	   Work Crew
	   Pipeline
       What kind of threads are Perl threads?
       Thread-Safe Modules
       Thread Basics
	   Basic Thread Support
	   A Note about the Examples
	   Creating Threads
	   Waiting For A Thread To Exit
	   Ignoring A Thread
       Threads And Data
	   Shared And Unshared Data
	   Thread Pitfalls: Races
       Synchronization and control
	   Controlling access: lock()
	   A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
	   Queues: Passing Data Around
	   Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
	   Basic semaphores
	   Advanced Semaphores
	   cond_wait() and cond_signal()
	   Giving up control
       General Thread Utility Routines
	   What Thread Am I In?
	   Thread IDs
	   Are These Threads The Same?
	   What Threads Are Running?
       A Complete Example
       Different implementations of threads
       Performance considerations
       Process-scope Changes
       Thread-Safety of System Libraries
       Conclusion
       Bibliography
	   Introductory Texts
	   OS-Related References
	   Other References
       Acknowledgements
       AUTHOR
       Copyrights

       perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl


       DESCRIPTION
       What Is A Thread Anyway?
       Threaded Program Models
	   Boss/Worker
	   Work Crew
	   Pipeline
       Native threads
       What kind of threads are perl threads?
       Threadsafe Modules
       Thread Basics
	   Basic Thread Support
	   Creating Threads
	   Giving up control
	   Waiting For A Thread To Exit
	   Errors In Threads
	   Ignoring A Thread
       Threads And Data
	   Shared And Unshared Data
	   Thread Pitfall: Races
	   Controlling access: lock()
	   Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks
	   Queues: Passing Data Around
       Threads And Code
	   Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access
	       Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores

	   Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines
	   Subroutine Locks
	   Methods
	   Locking A Subroutine
       General Thread Utility Routines
	   What Thread Am I In?
	   Thread IDs
	   Are These Threads The Same?
	   What Threads Are Running?
       A Complete Example
       Conclusion
       Bibliography
	   Introductory Texts
	   OS-Related References
	   Other References
       Acknowledgements
       AUTHOR
       Copyrights

       perlport - Writing portable Perl


       DESCRIPTION
	   Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl
	   already is portable

       ISSUES
	   Newlines
	   Numbers endianness and Width
	   Files and Filesystems
	   System Interaction
	   Command names versus file pathnames
	   Networking
	   Interprocess Communication (IPC)
	   External Subroutines (XS)
	   Standard Modules
	   Time and Date
	   Character sets and character encoding
	   Internationalisation
	   System Resources
	   Security
	   Style
       CPAN Testers
       PLATFORMS
	   Unix
	   DOS and Derivatives
	   Mac OS
	   VMS
	   VOS
	   EBCDIC Platforms
	   Acorn RISC OS
	   Other perls
       FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS
	   Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions
	       -X, atan2 Y,X, atan2, binmode, chmod, chown, chroot, crypt,
	       dbmclose, dbmopen, dump, exec, exit, fcntl, flock, fork, getlo-
	       gin, getpgrp, getppid, getpriority, getpwnam, getgrnam, getnet-
	       byname, getpwuid, getgrgid, getnetbyaddr, getprotobynumber,
	       getservbyport, getpwent, getgrent, gethostbyname, gethostent,
	       getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent, setnetent, set-
	       protoent, setservent, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endne-
	       tent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,
	       glob, gmtime, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill, link,
	       localtime, lstat, msgctl, msgget, msgsnd, msgrcv, open, pipe,
	       readlink, rename, select, semctl, semget, semop, setgrent,
	       setpgrp, setpriority, setpwent, setsockopt, shmctl, shmget,
	       shmread, shmwrite, sockatmark, socketpair, stat, symlink,
	       syscall, sysopen, system, times, truncate, umask, utime, wait,
	       waitpid

       Supported Platforms
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS

       perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localiza-
       tion)


       DESCRIPTION
       PREPARING TO USE LOCALES
       USING LOCALES
	   The use locale pragma
	   The setlocale function
	   Finding locales
	   LOCALE PROBLEMS
	   Temporarily fixing locale problems
	   Permanently fixing locale problems
	   Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration
	   Fixing system locale configuration
	   The localeconv function
	   I18N::Langinfo
       LOCALE CATEGORIES
	   Category LC_COLLATE: Collation
	   Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types
	   Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting
	   Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts
	   LC_TIME
	   Other categories
       SECURITY
       ENVIRONMENT
	   PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY,
	   LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG

       NOTES
	   Backward compatibility
	   I18N:Collate obsolete
	   Sort speed and memory use impacts
	   write() and LC_NUMERIC
	   Freely available locale definitions
	   I18n and l10n
	   An imperfect standard
       Unicode and UTF-8
       BUGS
	   Broken systems
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction


       DESCRIPTION
	   Unicode
	   Perl's Unicode Support
	   Perl's Unicode Model
	   Unicode and EBCDIC
	   Creating Unicode
	   Handling Unicode
	   Legacy Encodings
	   Unicode I/O
	   Displaying Unicode As Text
	   Special Cases
	   Advanced Topics
	   Miscellaneous
	   Questions With Answers
	   Hexadecimal Notation
	   Further Resources
       UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS
       SEE ALSO
       ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
       AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE

       perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl


       DESCRIPTION
	   Important Caveats
	       Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, "use utf8" still
	       needed to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts, BOM-marked
	       scripts and UTF-16 scripts autodetected, "use encoding" needed
	       to upgrade non-Latin-1 byte strings

	   Byte and Character Semantics
	   Effects of Character Semantics
	   Scripts
	   Blocks
	   User-Defined Character Properties
	   Character Encodings for Input and Output
	   Unicode Regular Expression Support Level
	   Unicode Encodings
	   Security Implications of Unicode
	   Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC
	   Locales
	   When Unicode Does Not Happen
	   Forcing Unicode in Perl (Or Unforcing Unicode in Perl)
	   Using Unicode in XS
       BUGS
	   Interaction with Locales
	   Interaction with Extensions
	   Speed
	   Porting code from perl-5.6.X
       SEE ALSO

       perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms


       DESCRIPTION
       COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS
	   ASCII
	   ISO 8859
	   Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)
	   EBCDIC
	   13 variant characters
	   0037
	   1047
	   POSIX-BC
	   Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points
	   Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC
	   Unicode and UTF
	   Using Encode
       SINGLE OCTET TABLES
	   recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe
	   6

       IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS
       CONVERSIONS
	   tr///
	   iconv
	   C RTL
       OPERATOR DIFFERENCES
       FUNCTION DIFFERENCES
	   chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(),
	   unpack()

       REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES
       SOCKETS
       SORTING
	   Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.
	   MONO CASE then sort data.
	   Convert, sort data, then re convert.
	   Perform sorting on one type of machine only.
       TRANSFORMATION FORMATS
	   URL decoding and encoding
	   uu encoding and decoding
	   Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding
	   Caesarian ciphers
       Hashing order and checksums
       I18N AND L10N
       MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS
       OS ISSUES
	   OS/400
	       PASE, IFS access

	   OS/390, z/OS
	       chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales

	   VM/ESA?
	   POSIX-BC?
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       REFERENCES
       HISTORY
       AUTHOR

       perlsec - Perl security


       DESCRIPTION
	   Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data
	   Switches On the "#!" Line
	   Taint mode and @INC
	   Cleaning Up Your Path
	   Security Bugs
	   Protecting Your Programs
	   Unicode
	   Algorithmic Complexity Attacks
       SEE ALSO

       perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)


       DESCRIPTION
	   Packages
	   Symbol Tables
	   BEGIN, CHECK, INIT and END
	   Perl Classes
	   Perl Modules
	   Making your module threadsafe
       SEE ALSO

       perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones


       THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY
	   Pragmatic Modules
	       assertions::compat, attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint,
	       bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics,
	       encoding, fields, filetest, if, integer, less, lib, locale,
	       open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads,
	       threads::shared, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, warnings::regis-
	       ter

	   Standard Modules
	       AnyDBM_File, Archive::Tar, Archive::Tar::File, Attribute::Han-
	       dlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler,
	       B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug,
	       B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj,
	       B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI,
	       CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty,
	       CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime,
	       CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, Com-
	       press::Zlib, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Data::Dumper,
	       Devel::DProf, Devel::PPPort, Devel::Peek, Devel::SelfStubber,
	       Digest, Digest::MD5, Digest::base, DirHandle, Dumpvalue,
	       DynaLoader, Encode, Encode::Alias, Encode::Byte, Encode::CJK-
	       Constants, Encode::CN, Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::Config,
	       Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Encoder, Encode::Encoding,
	       Encode::Guess, Encode::JP, Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::JIS7,
	       Encode::KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::MIME::Header,
	       Encode::PerlIO, Encode::Supported, Encode::Symbol, Encode::TW,
	       Encode::Unicode, Encode::Unicode::UTF7, English, Env, Errno,
	       Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::CBuilder, ExtU-
	       tils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows, ExtUtils::Command, ExtU-
	       tils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtU-
	       tils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtU-
	       tils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_AIX, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtU-
	       tils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtU-
	       tils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtU-
	       tils::MM_QNX, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtU-
	       tils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_VOS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtU-
	       tils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtU-
	       tils::MakeMaker::Config, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ, ExtU-
	       tils::MakeMaker::Tutorial, ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes, ExtU-
	       tils::MakeMaker::vmsish, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkboot-
	       strap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::Par-
	       seXS, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename,
	       File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob,
	       File::Find, File::Glob, File::Path, File::Spec,
	       File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions,
	       File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix,
	       File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat,
	       FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, Filter::Util::Call,
	       FindBin, GDBM_File, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util,
	       I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List,
	       I18N::Langinfo, IO, IO::Dir, IO::File, IO::Handle, IO::Pipe,
	       IO::Poll, IO::Seekable, IO::Select, IO::Socket,
	       IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Zlib, IPC::Open2,
	       IPC::Open3, IPC::SysV, IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::SysV::Semaphore,
	       List::Util, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Cur-
	       rency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Make-
	       text::TPJ13, Locale::Script, MIME::Base64, MIME::Base64::Quot-
	       edPrint, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc,
	       Math::BigInt::FastCalc, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex,
	       Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire,
	       Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File,
	       Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT,
	       Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP,
	       Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time,
	       Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent,
	       Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, Per-
	       lIO::encoding, PerlIO::scalar, PerlIO::via, PerlIO::via::Quot-
	       edPrint, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html,
	       Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink,
	       Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker,
	       Pod::Perldoc::ToMan, Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff, Pod::Perl-
	       doc::ToPod, Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf, Pod::Perldoc::ToText,
	       Pod::Perldoc::ToTk, Pod::Perldoc::ToXml, Pod::PlainText,
	       Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color,
	       Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage,
	       SDBM_File, Safe, Scalar::Util, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, Self-
	       Loader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Sys::Hostname,
	       Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete,
	       Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::Har-
	       ness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Point,
	       Test::Harness::Straps, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tuto-
	       rial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords,
	       Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue,
	       Thread::Semaphore, Thread::Signal, Thread::Specific,
	       Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize,
	       Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::HiRes,
	       Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVER-
	       SAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Unicode::UCD,
	       User::grent, User::pwent, Win32, XS::APItest, XS::Typemap,
	       XSLoader

	   Extension Modules
       CPAN
	   Africa
	       South Africa

	   Asia
	       China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Russian Federation,
	       Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand

	   Central America
	       Costa Rica

	   Europe
	       Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia,
	       Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
	       Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
	       Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slo-
	       vakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine,
	       United Kingdom

	   North America
	       Canada, Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Mexico, United
	       States, Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of
	       Columbia, Florida, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan,
	       Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon,
	       Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington,
	       Wisconsin

	   Oceania
	       Australia, New Zealand, United States

	   South America
	       Argentina, Brazil, Chile

	   RSYNC Mirrors
       Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse
	   Guidelines for Module Creation
	   Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules
	   Guidelines for Reusing Application Code
       NOTE

       perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide


       INTRODUCTION
       QUICK CHECKLIST
	   Before you start
	   The API
	   Stability
	   Documentation
	   Release considerations
       BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE
	   Has it been done before?
	   Do one thing and do it well
	   What's in a name?
       DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE
	   To OO or not to OO?
	   Designing your API
	       Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functional-
	       ity from output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Nam-
	       ing conventions, Parameter passing

	   Strictness and warnings
	   Backwards compatibility
	   Error handling and messages
       DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE
	   POD
	   README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs
	       perl Makefile.PL, make, make test, make install, perl Build.PL,
	       perl Build, perl Build test, perl Build install

       RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS
	   Version numbering
	   Pre-requisites
	   Testing
	   Packaging
	   Licensing
       COMMON PITFALLS
	   Reinventing the wheel
	   Trying to do too much
	   Inappropriate documentation
       SEE ALSO
	   perlstyle, perlnewmod, perlpod, podchecker, Packaging Tools, Test-
	   ing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engi-
	   neering

       AUTHOR

       perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules

       DESCRIPTION
	   PREAMBLE
	       DECOMPRESS the file, UNPACK the file into a directory, BUILD
	       the module (sometimes unnecessary), INSTALL the module

       PORTABILITY
       HEY
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution


       DESCRIPTION
	   Warning
	   What should I make into a module?
	   Step-by-step: Preparing the ground
	       Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name,
	       Check again

	   Step-by-step: Making the module
	       Start with module-starter or h2xs, Use strict and warnings, Use
	       Carp, Use Exporter - wisely!, Use plain old documentation,
	       Write tests, Write the README

	   Step-by-step: Distributing your module
	       Get a CPAN user ID, "perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist",
	       Upload the tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to
	       clpa, Fix bugs!

       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution


       DESCRIPTION
	   DOCUMENTATION
	       perldoc, pod2man and pod2text, pod2html and pod2latex,
	       pod2usage, podselect, podchecker, splain, roffitall

	   CONVERTORS
	       a2p, s2p, find2perl

	   Administration
	       libnetcfg

	   Development
	       perlbug, h2ph, c2ph and pstruct, h2xs, dprofpp, perlcc

	   SEE ALSO

       perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator

       DESCRIPTION
	   Layout
	       B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref

       Using The Back Ends
	   The Cross Referencing Back End
	       i, &, s, r

	   The Decompiling Back End
	   The Lint Back End
	   The Simple C Back End
	   The Bytecode Back End
	   The Optimized C Back End
       Module List for the Compiler Suite
	   B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C,
	   B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint,
	   B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref

       KNOWN PROBLEMS
       AUTHOR

       perlfilter - Source Filters


       DESCRIPTION
       CONCEPTS
       USING FILTERS
       WRITING A SOURCE FILTER
       WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C
	   Decryption Filters

       CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE
       WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL
       USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER
       CONCLUSION
       THINGS TO LOOK OUT FOR
	   Some Filters Clobber the "DATA" Handle

       REQUIREMENTS
       AUTHOR
       Copyrights

       perlglossary - Perl Glossary


       DESCRIPTION
	   A   accessor methods, actual arguments, address operator, algo-
	       rithm, alias, alternatives, anonymous, architecture, argument,
	       ARGV, arithmetical operator, array, array context, ASCII,
	       assertion, assignment, assignment operator, associative array,
	       associativity, asynchronous, atom, atomic operation, attribute,
	       autogeneration, autoincrement, autoload, autosplit, autovivifi-
	       cation, AV, awk

	   B   backreference, backtracking, backward compatibility, bareword,
	       base class, big-endian, binary, binary operator, bind, bit, bit
	       shift, bit string, bless, block, BLOCK, block buffering,
	       Boolean, Boolean context, breakpoint, broadcast, BSD, bucket,
	       buffer, built-in, bundle, byte, bytecode

	   C   C, C preprocessor, call by reference, call by value, callback,
	       canonical, capturing, character, character class, character
	       property, circumfix operator, class, class method, client,
	       cloister, closure, cluster, CODE, code generator, code subpat-
	       tern, collating sequence, command, command buffering, command
	       name, command-line arguments, comment, compilation unit, com-
	       pile phase, compile time, compiler, composer, concatenation,
	       conditional, connection, construct, constructor, context, con-
	       tinuation, core dump, CPAN, cracker, current package, current
	       working directory, currently selected output channel, CV

	   D   dangling statement, data structure, data type, datagram, DBM,
	       declaration, decrement, default, defined, delimiter, derefer-
	       ence, derived class, descriptor, destroy, destructor, device,
	       directive, directory, directory handle, dispatch, distribution,
	       dweomer, dwimmer, dynamic scoping

	   E   eclectic, element, embedding, empty subclass test, en passant,
	       encapsulation, endian, environment, environment variable, EOF,
	       errno, error, escape sequence, exception, exception handling,
	       exec, executable file, execute, execute bit, exit status,
	       export, expression, extension

	   F   false, FAQ, fatal error, field, FIFO, file, file descriptor,
	       file test operator, fileglob, filehandle, filename, filesystem,
	       filter, flag, floating point, flush, FMTEYEWTK, fork, formal
	       arguments, format, freely available, freely redistributable,
	       freeware, function, funny character, garbage collection

	   G   GID, glob, global, global destruction, glue language, granular-
	       ity, greedy, grep, group, GV

	   H   hacker, handler, hard reference, hash, hash table, header file,
	       here document, hexadecimal, home directory, host, hubris, HV

	   I   identifier, impatience, implementation, import, increment,
	       indexing, indirect filehandle, indirect object, indirect object
	       slot, indirection, infix, inheritance, instance, instance vari-
	       able, integer, interface, interpolation, interpreter, invocant,
	       invocation, I/O, IO, IP, IPC, is-a, iteration, iterator, IV

	   J   JAPH

	   K   key, keyword

	   L   label, laziness, left shift, leftmost longest, lexeme, lexer,
	       lexical analysis, lexical scoping, lexical variable, library,
	       LIFO, line, line buffering, line number, link, LIST, list, list
	       context, list operator, list value, literal, little-endian,
	       local, logical operator, lookahead, lookbehind, loop, loop con-
	       trol statement, loop label, lvaluable, lvalue, lvalue modifier

	   M   magic, magical increment, magical variables, Makefile, man,
	       manpage, matching, member data, memory, metacharacter, metasym-
	       bol, method, minimalism, mode, modifier, module, modulus, mon-
	       ger, mortal, multidimensional array, multiple inheritance

	   N   named pipe, namespace, network address, newline, NFS, null
	       character, null list, null string, numeric context, NV, nybble

	   O   object, octal, offset, one-liner, open source software, oper-
	       and, operating system, operator, operator overloading, options,
	       overloading, overriding, owner

	   P   package, pad, parameter, parent class, parse tree, parsing,
	       patch, PATH, pathname, pattern, pattern matching, permission
	       bits, Pern, pipe, pipeline, platform, pod, pointer, polymor-
	       phism, port, portable, porter, POSIX, postfix, pp, pragma,
	       precedence, prefix, preprocessing, procedure, process, program
	       generator, progressive matching, property, protocol, prototype,
	       pseudofunction, pseudohash, pseudoliteral, public domain, pump-
	       kin, pumpking, PV

	   Q   qualified, quantifier

	   R   readable, reaping, record, recursion, reference, referent,
	       regex, regular expression, regular expression modifier, regular
	       file, relational operator, reserved words, return value, RFC,
	       right shift, root, RTFM, run phase, run time, run-time pattern,
	       RV, rvalue

	   S   scalar, scalar context, scalar literal, scalar value, scalar
	       variable, scope, scratchpad, script, script kiddie, sed, sema-
	       phore, separator, serialization, server, service, setgid,
	       setuid, shared memory, shebang, shell, side effects, signal,
	       signal handler, single inheritance, slice, slurp, socket, soft
	       reference, source filter, stack, standard, standard error,
	       standard I/O, standard input, standard output, stat structure,
	       statement, statement modifier, static, static method, static
	       scoping, static variable, status, STDERR, STDIN, STDIO, STDOUT,
	       stream, string, string context, stringification, struct, struc-
	       ture, subclass, subpattern, subroutine, subscript, substitu-
	       tion, substring, superclass, superuser, SV, switch, switch
	       cluster, switch statement, symbol, symbol table, symbolic
	       debugger, symbolic link, symbolic reference, synchronous, syn-
	       tactic sugar, syntax, syntax tree, syscall

	   T   tainted, TCP, term, terminator, ternary, text, thread, tie,
	       TMTOWTDI, token, tokener, tokenizing, toolbox approach,
	       transliterate, trigger, trinary, troff, true, truncating, type,
	       type casting, typed lexical, typedef, typeglob, typemap

	   U   UDP, UID, umask, unary operator, Unicode, Unix

	   V   value, variable, variable interpolation, variadic, vector, vir-
	       tual, void context, v-string

	   W   warning, watch expression, whitespace, word, working directory,
	       wrapper, WYSIWYG

	   X   XS, XSUB

	   Y   yacc

	   Z   zero width, zombie

       AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

       perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program

       DESCRIPTION
	   PREAMBLE
	       Use C from Perl?, Use a Unix program from Perl?, Use Perl from
	       Perl?, Use C from C?, Use Perl from C?

	   ROADMAP
	   Compiling your C program
	   Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program
	   Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program
	   Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program
	   Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C pro-
	   gram
	   Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program
	   Maintaining a persistent interpreter
	   Execution of END blocks
	   Maintaining multiple interpreter instances
	   Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C
	   program
       Embedding Perl under Win32
       Hiding Perl_
       MORAL
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging


       DESCRIPTION
       Debugger Internals
	   Writing Your Own Debugger
       Frame Listing Output Examples
       Debugging regular expressions
	   Compile-time output
	       "anchored" STRING "at" POS, "floating" STRING "at" POS1..POS2,
	       "matching floating/anchored", "minlen", "stclass" TYPE,
	       "noscan", "isall", "GPOS", "plus", "implicit", "with eval",
	       "anchored(TYPE)"

	   Types of nodes
	   Run-time output
       Debugging Perl memory usage
	   Using $ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}
	       "buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX)", Free/Used, "Total
	       sbrk(): SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS", "pad: 0", "heads: 2192",
	       "chain: 0", "tail: 6144"

       SEE ALSO

       perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs

       DESCRIPTION
       SPECIAL NOTES
	   make
	   Version caveat
	   Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading
       TUTORIAL
	   EXAMPLE 1
	   EXAMPLE 2
	   What has gone on?
	   Writing good test scripts
	   EXAMPLE 3
	   What's new here?
	   Input and Output Parameters
	   The XSUBPP Program
	   The TYPEMAP file
	   Warning about Output Arguments
	   EXAMPLE 4
	   What has happened here?
	   Anatomy of .xs file
	   Getting the fat out of XSUBs
	   More about XSUB arguments
	   The Argument Stack
	   Extending your Extension
	   Documenting your Extension
	   Installing your Extension
	   EXAMPLE 5
	   New Things in this Example
	   EXAMPLE 6
	   New Things in this Example
	   EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)
	   EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)
	   EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes
	   Troubleshooting these Examples
       See also
       Author
	   Last Changed

       perlxs - XS language reference manual


       DESCRIPTION
	   Introduction
	   On The Road
	   The Anatomy of an XSUB
	   The Argument Stack
	   The RETVAL Variable
	   Returning SVs, AVs and HVs through RETVAL
	   The MODULE Keyword
	   The PACKAGE Keyword
	   The PREFIX Keyword
	   The OUTPUT: Keyword
	   The NO_OUTPUT Keyword
	   The CODE: Keyword
	   The INIT: Keyword
	   The NO_INIT Keyword
	   Initializing Function Parameters
	   Default Parameter Values
	   The PREINIT: Keyword
	   The SCOPE: Keyword
	   The INPUT: Keyword
	   The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords
	   The "length(NAME)" Keyword
	   Variable-length Parameter Lists
	   The C_ARGS: Keyword
	   The PPCODE: Keyword
	   Returning Undef And Empty Lists
	   The REQUIRE: Keyword
	   The CLEANUP: Keyword
	   The POSTCALL: Keyword
	   The BOOT: Keyword
	   The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword
	   The PROTOTYPES: Keyword
	   The PROTOTYPE: Keyword
	   The ALIAS: Keyword
	   The OVERLOAD: Keyword
	   The FALLBACK: Keyword
	   The INTERFACE: Keyword
	   The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword
	   The INCLUDE: Keyword
	   The CASE: Keyword
	   The & Unary Operator
	   Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives
	   Using XS With C++
	   Interface Strategy
	   Perl Objects And C Structures
	   The Typemap
	   Safely Storing Static Data in XS
	       MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT,
	       dMY_CXT, MY_CXT

       EXAMPLES
       XS VERSION
       AUTHOR

       perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions


       DESCRIPTION
	   Conventions
	       "t", "p", "n", "s"

	   File Operations
	   File Input and Output
	   File Positioning
	   Memory Management and String Handling
	   Character Class Tests
	   stdlib.h functions
	   Miscellaneous functions
       SEE ALSO

       perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API


       DESCRIPTION
       Variables
	   Datatypes
	   What is an "IV"?
	   Working with SVs
	   Offsets
	   What's Really Stored in an SV?
	   Working with AVs
	   Working with HVs
	   Hash API Extensions
	   AVs, HVs and undefined values
	   References
	   Blessed References and Class Objects
	   Creating New Variables
	       GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN

	   Reference Counts and Mortality
	   Stashes and Globs
	   Double-Typed SVs
	   Magic Variables
	   Assigning Magic
	   Magic Virtual Tables
	   Finding Magic
	   Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays
	   Localizing changes
	       "SAVEINT(int i)", "SAVEIV(IV i)", "SAVEI32(I32 i)", "SAVE-
	       LONG(long i)", SAVESPTR(s), SAVEPPTR(p), "SAVEFREESV(SV *sv)",
	       "SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV *sv)", "SAVEFREEOP(OP *op)", SAVEFREEPV(p),
	       "SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv)", "SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32
	       length)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void
	       *p)", "SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p)", "SAVES-
	       TACK_POS()", "SV* save_scalar(GV *gv)", "AV* save_ary(GV *gv)",
	       "HV* save_hash(GV *gv)", "void save_item(SV *item)", "void
	       save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg)", "SV* save_svref(SV
	       **sptr)", "void save_aptr(AV **aptr)", "void save_hptr(HV
	       **hptr)"

       Subroutines
	   XSUBs and the Argument Stack
	   Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs
	   Memory Allocation
	   PerlIO
	   Putting a C value on Perl stack
	   Scratchpads
	   Scratchpads and recursion
       Compiled code
	   Code tree
	   Examining the tree
	   Compile pass 1: check routines
	   Compile pass 1a: constant folding
	   Compile pass 2: context propagation
	   Compile pass 3: peephole optimization
	   Pluggable runops
       Examining internal data structures with the "dump" functions
       How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported
	   Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
	   So what happened to dTHR?
	   How do I use all this in extensions?
	   Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?
	   Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
       Internal Functions
	   A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, x, m, X, E, b

	   Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs
	   Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer
	   Source Documentation
	   Backwards compatibility
       Unicode Support
	   What is Unicode, anyway?
	   How can I recognise a UTF-8 string?
	   How does UTF-8 represent Unicode characters?
	   How does Perl store UTF-8 strings?
	   How do I convert a string to UTF-8?
	   Is there anything else I need to know?
       Custom Operators
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C


       DESCRIPTION
	   An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program

       THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS
	   call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv

       FLAG VALUES
	   G_VOID
	   G_SCALAR
	   G_ARRAY
	   G_DISCARD
	   G_NOARGS
	   G_EVAL
	   G_KEEPERR
	   Determining the Context
       EXAMPLES
	   No Parameters, Nothing returned
	   Passing Parameters
	   Returning a Scalar
	   Returning a list of values
	   Returning a list in a scalar context
	   Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list
	   Using G_EVAL
	   Using G_KEEPERR
	   Using call_sv
	   Using call_argv
	   Using call_method
	   Using GIMME_V
	   Using Perl to dispose of temporaries
	   Strategies for storing Callback Context Information
	       1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a
	       sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to
	       map to the Perl callback

	   Alternate Stack Manipulation
	   Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API


       DESCRIPTION
       "Gimme" Values
	   GIMME , GIMME_V , G_ARRAY , G_DISCARD , G_EVAL , G_NOARGS ,
	   G_SCALAR , G_VOID

       Array Manipulation Functions
	   AvFILL , av_clear , av_delete , av_exists , av_extend , av_fetch ,
	   av_fill , av_len , av_make , av_pop , av_push , av_shift , av_store
	   , av_undef , av_unshift , get_av , newAV , sortsv

       Callback Functions
	   call_argv , call_method , call_pv , call_sv , ENTER , eval_pv ,
	   eval_sv , FREETMPS , LEAVE , SAVETMPS

       Character classes
	   isALNUM , isALPHA , isDIGIT , isLOWER , isSPACE , isUPPER , toLOWER
	   , toUPPER

       Cloning an interpreter
	   perl_clone

       CV Manipulation Functions
	   CvSTASH , get_cv

       Embedding Functions
	   cv_undef , load_module , nothreadhook , perl_alloc , perl_construct
	   , perl_destruct , perl_free , perl_parse , perl_run , require_pv

       Functions in file pp_pack.c
	   packlist , pack_cat , unpackstring , unpack_str

       Global Variables
	   PL_modglobal , PL_na , PL_sv_no , PL_sv_undef , PL_sv_yes

       GV Functions
	   GvSV , gv_fetchmeth , gv_fetchmethod , gv_fetchmethod_autoload ,
	   gv_fetchmeth_autoload , gv_stashpv , gv_stashpvn , gv_stashsv

       Handy Values
	   Nullav , Nullch , Nullcv , Nullhv , Nullsv

       Hash Manipulation Functions
	   get_hv , HEf_SVKEY , HeHASH , HeKEY , HeKLEN , HePV , HeSVKEY ,
	   HeSVKEY_force , HeSVKEY_set , HeVAL , HvNAME , hv_clear ,
	   hv_clear_placeholders , hv_delete , hv_delete_ent , hv_exists ,
	   hv_exists_ent , hv_fetch , hv_fetch_ent , hv_iterinit , hv_iterkey
	   , hv_iterkeysv , hv_iternext , hv_iternextsv , hv_iternext_flags ,
	   hv_iterval , hv_magic , hv_scalar , hv_store , hv_store_ent ,
	   hv_undef , newHV

       Magical Functions
	   mg_clear , mg_copy , mg_find , mg_free , mg_get , mg_length ,
	   mg_magical , mg_set , SvGETMAGIC , SvLOCK , SvSETMAGIC , SvSetMag-
	   icSV , SvSetMagicSV_nosteal , SvSetSV , SvSetSV_nosteal , SvSHARE ,
	   SvUNLOCK

       Memory Management
	   Copy , CopyD , Move , MoveD , Newx , Newxc , Newxz , Poison , Renew
	   , Renewc , Safefree , savepv , savepvn , savesharedpv , savesvpv ,
	   StructCopy , Zero , ZeroD

       Miscellaneous Functions
	   fbm_compile , fbm_instr , form , getcwd_sv , strEQ , strGE , strGT
	   , strLE , strLT , strNE , strnEQ , strnNE , sv_nolocking ,
	   sv_nosharing , sv_nounlocking

       Numeric functions
	   grok_bin , grok_hex , grok_number , grok_numeric_radix , grok_oct ,
	   scan_bin , scan_hex , scan_oct

       Optree Manipulation Functions
	   cv_const_sv , newCONSTSUB , newXS

       Pad Data Structures
	   pad_sv

       Stack Manipulation Macros
	   dMARK , dORIGMARK , dSP , EXTEND , MARK , mPUSHi , mPUSHn , mPUSHp
	   , mPUSHu , mXPUSHi , mXPUSHn , mXPUSHp , mXPUSHu , ORIGMARK , POPi
	   , POPl , POPn , POPp , POPpbytex , POPpx , POPs , PUSHi , PUSHMARK
	   , PUSHmortal , PUSHn , PUSHp , PUSHs , PUSHu , PUTBACK , SP , SPA-
	   GAIN , XPUSHi , XPUSHmortal , XPUSHn , XPUSHp , XPUSHs , XPUSHu ,
	   XSRETURN , XSRETURN_EMPTY , XSRETURN_IV , XSRETURN_NO , XSRETURN_NV
	   , XSRETURN_PV , XSRETURN_UNDEF , XSRETURN_UV , XSRETURN_YES ,
	   XST_mIV , XST_mNO , XST_mNV , XST_mPV , XST_mUNDEF , XST_mYES

       SV Flags
	   svtype , SVt_IV , SVt_NV , SVt_PV , SVt_PVAV , SVt_PVCV , SVt_PVHV
	   , SVt_PVMG

       SV Manipulation Functions
	   get_sv , looks_like_number , newRV_inc , newRV_noinc , NEWSV ,
	   newSV , newSVhek , newSViv , newSVnv , newSVpv , newSVpvf ,
	   newSVpvn , newSVpvn_share , newSVrv , newSVsv , newSVuv , SvCUR ,
	   SvCUR_set , SvEND , SvGROW , SvIOK , SvIOKp , SvIOK_notUV ,
	   SvIOK_off , SvIOK_on , SvIOK_only , SvIOK_only_UV , SvIOK_UV ,
	   SvIsCOW , SvIsCOW_shared_hash , SvIV , SvIVX , SvIVx , SvIV_set ,
	   SvLEN , SvLEN_set , SvMAGIC_set , SvNIOK , SvNIOKp , SvNIOK_off ,
	   SvNOK , SvNOKp , SvNOK_off , SvNOK_on , SvNOK_only , SvNV , SvNVX ,
	   SvNVx , SvNV_set , SvOK , SvOOK , SvPOK , SvPOKp , SvPOK_off ,
	   SvPOK_on , SvPOK_only , SvPOK_only_UTF8 , SvPV , SvPVbyte , SvPVby-
	   tex , SvPVbytex_force , SvPVbyte_force , SvPVbyte_nolen , SvPVutf8
	   , SvPVutf8x , SvPVutf8x_force , SvPVutf8_force , SvPVutf8_nolen ,
	   SvPVX , SvPVx , SvPV_force , SvPV_force_nomg , SvPV_nolen ,
	   SvPV_set , SvREFCNT , SvREFCNT_dec , SvREFCNT_inc , SvROK ,
	   SvROK_off , SvROK_on , SvRV , SvRV_set , SvSTASH , SvSTASH_set ,
	   SvTAINT , SvTAINTED , SvTAINTED_off , SvTAINTED_on , SvTRUE ,
	   SvTYPE , SvUOK , SvUPGRADE , SvUTF8 , SvUTF8_off , SvUTF8_on , SvUV
	   , SvUVX , SvUVx , SvUV_set , sv_2bool , sv_2cv , sv_2io , sv_2iv ,
	   sv_2mortal , sv_2nv , sv_2pvbyte , sv_2pvbyte_nolen , sv_2pvutf8 ,
	   sv_2pvutf8_nolen , sv_2pv_flags , sv_2pv_nolen , sv_2uv , sv_back-
	   off , sv_bless , sv_catpv , sv_catpvf , sv_catpvf_mg , sv_catpvn ,
	   sv_catpvn_flags , sv_catpvn_mg , sv_catpvn_nomg , sv_catpv_mg ,
	   sv_catsv , sv_catsv_flags , sv_catsv_mg , sv_catsv_nomg , sv_chop ,
	   sv_clear , sv_cmp , sv_cmp_locale , sv_collxfrm , sv_copypv ,
	   sv_dec , sv_derived_from , sv_eq , sv_force_normal , sv_force_nor-
	   mal_flags , sv_free , sv_gets , sv_grow , sv_inc , sv_insert ,
	   sv_isa , sv_isobject , sv_iv , sv_len , sv_len_utf8 , sv_magic ,
	   sv_magicext , sv_mortalcopy , sv_newmortal , sv_newref , sv_nv ,
	   sv_pos_b2u , sv_pos_u2b , sv_pv , sv_pvbyte , sv_pvbyten ,
	   sv_pvbyten_force , sv_pvn , sv_pvn_force , sv_pvn_force_flags ,
	   sv_pvutf8 , sv_pvutf8n , sv_pvutf8n_force , sv_reftype , sv_replace
	   , sv_report_used , sv_reset , sv_rvweaken , sv_setiv , sv_setiv_mg
	   , sv_setnv , sv_setnv_mg , sv_setpv , sv_setpvf , sv_setpvf_mg ,
	   sv_setpviv , sv_setpviv_mg , sv_setpvn , sv_setpvn_mg , sv_setpv_mg
	   , sv_setref_iv , sv_setref_nv , sv_setref_pv , sv_setref_pvn ,
	   sv_setref_uv , sv_setsv , sv_setsv_flags , sv_setsv_mg ,
	   sv_setsv_nomg , sv_setuv , sv_setuv_mg , sv_taint , sv_tainted ,
	   sv_true , sv_unmagic , sv_unref , sv_unref_flags , sv_untaint ,
	   sv_upgrade , sv_usepvn , sv_usepvn_mg , sv_utf8_decode ,
	   sv_utf8_downgrade , sv_utf8_encode , sv_utf8_upgrade ,
	   sv_utf8_upgrade_flags , sv_uv , sv_vcatpvf , sv_vcatpvfn , sv_vcat-
	   pvf_mg , sv_vsetpvf , sv_vsetpvfn , sv_vsetpvf_mg

       Unicode Support
	   bytes_from_utf8 , bytes_to_utf8 , ibcmp_utf8 , is_utf8_char ,
	   is_utf8_string , is_utf8_string_loc , is_utf8_string_loclen ,
	   pv_uni_display , sv_cat_decode , sv_recode_to_utf8 , sv_uni_display
	   , to_utf8_case , to_utf8_fold , to_utf8_lower , to_utf8_title ,
	   to_utf8_upper , utf8n_to_uvchr , utf8n_to_uvuni , utf8_distance ,
	   utf8_hop , utf8_length , utf8_to_bytes , utf8_to_uvchr ,
	   utf8_to_uvuni , uvchr_to_utf8 , uvuni_to_utf8_flags

       Variables created by "xsubpp" and "xsubpp" internal functions
	   ax , CLASS , dAX , dAXMARK , dITEMS , dXSARGS , dXSI32 , items , ix
	   , newXSproto , RETVAL , ST , THIS , XS , XS_VERSION , XS_VER-
	   SION_BOOTCHECK

       Warning and Dieing
	   croak , warn

       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl func-
       tions


       DESCRIPTION
       CV reference counts and CvOUTSIDE
	   CvWEAKOUTSIDE

       Functions in file pad.h
	   CX_CURPAD_SAVE , CX_CURPAD_SV , PAD_BASE_SV , PAD_CLONE_VARS ,
	   PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS , PAD_COMPNAME_GEN , PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set ,
	   PAD_COMPNAME_OURSTASH , PAD_COMPNAME_PV , PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE ,
	   PAD_DUP , PAD_RESTORE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_LOCAL , PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD
	   , PAD_SETSV , PAD_SET_CUR , PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE , PAD_SV , PAD_SVl ,
	   SAVECLEARSV , SAVECOMPPAD , SAVEPADSV

       Functions in file pp_ctl.c
	   find_runcv

       Global Variables
	   PL_DBsingle , PL_DBsub , PL_DBtrace , PL_dowarn , PL_last_in_gv ,
	   PL_ofs_sv , PL_rs

       GV Functions
	   is_gv_magical

       IO Functions
	   start_glob

       Pad Data Structures
	   CvPADLIST , cv_clone , cv_dump , do_dump_pad , intro_my ,
	   pad_add_anon , pad_add_name , pad_alloc , pad_block_start ,
	   pad_check_dup , pad_findlex , pad_findmy , pad_fixup_inner_anons ,
	   pad_free , pad_leavemy , pad_new , pad_push , pad_reset , pad_setsv
	   , pad_swipe , pad_tidy , pad_undef

       Stack Manipulation Macros
	   djSP , LVRET

       SV Manipulation Functions
	   report_uninit , sv_add_arena , sv_clean_all , sv_clean_objs ,
	   sv_free_arenas

       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   History and Background
	   Basic Structure
	   Layers vs Disciplines
	   Data Structures
	   Functions and Attributes
	   Per-instance Data
	   Layers in action.
	   Per-instance flag bits
	       PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE,  PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PER-
	       LIO_F_ERROR, PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF,
	       PERLIO_F_UTF8, PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF,
	       PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FAST-
	       GETS

	   Methods in Detail
	       fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PER-
	       LIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed,
	       Popped, Open, Binmode, Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek,
	       Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error,	Clearerr, Setlinebuf,
	       Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt

	   Utilities
	   Implementing PerlIO Layers
	       C implementations, Perl implementations

	   Core Layers
	       "unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw",
	       "utf8"

	   Extension Layers
	       ":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"

       TODO

       perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, PPeerrllIIOO__ssttddiinn(()), PPeerr--
	   llIIOO__ssttddoouutt(()), PPeerrllIIOO__ssttddeerrrr(()), PerlIO_open(path, mode), Per-
	   lIO_fdopen(fd,mode), PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f), Per-
	   lIO_printf(f,fmt,...), PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a), PerlIO_std-
	   outf(fmt,...), PerlIO_read(f,buf,count), PerlIO_write(f,buf,count),
	   PerlIO_close(f), PerlIO_puts(f,s), PerlIO_putc(f,c), Per-
	   lIO_ungetc(f,c), PerlIO_getc(f), PerlIO_eof(f), PerlIO_error(f),
	   PerlIO_fileno(f), PerlIO_clearerr(f), PerlIO_flush(f), Per-
	   lIO_seek(f,offset,whence), PerlIO_tell(f), PerlIO_getpos(f,p), Per-
	   lIO_setpos(f,p), PerlIO_rewind(f), PPeerrllIIOO__ttmmppffiillee(()), PerlIO_set-
	   linebuf(f)

	   Co-existence with stdio
	       PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode), PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode), Per-
	       lIO_releaseFILE(p,f), PerlIO_findFILE(f)

	   "Fast gets" Functions
	       PerlIO_fast_gets(f), PerlIO_has_cntptr(f), PerlIO_get_cnt(f),
	       PerlIO_get_ptr(f), PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c), Per-
	       lIO_canset_cnt(f), PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c), PerlIO_has_base(f),
	       PerlIO_get_base(f), PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)

	   Other Functions
	       PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_bin-
	       mode(f,ptype,imode,layers), '<' read, '>' write, '+'
	       read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)

       perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals


       DESCRIPTION
	   Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the imple-
	   mentation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?,
	   Is the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new
	   bugs?, Does it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implemen-
	   tation robust?, Is the implementation generic enough to be porta-
	   ble?, Is the implementation tested?, Is there enough documenta-
	   tion?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much
	   work?, Patches speak louder than words

	   Keeping in sync
	       rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using
	       pushing over the NFS, rsync'ing the patches

	   Why rsync the source tree
	       It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable

	   Why rsync the patches
	       It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Find-
	       ing a start point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source
	       of misbehaviour

	   Working with the source
	   Perlbug administration
	   Submitting patches
	       perlguts, perlxstut and perlxs, perlapi, Porting/pumpkin.pod,
	       The perl5-porters FAQ

	   Finding Your Way Around
	       Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter

	   Elements of the interpreter
	       Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running, Exception handing

	   Internal Variable Types
	   Op Trees
	   Stacks
	       Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack

	   Millions of Macros
	   The .i Targets
	   Poking at Perl
	   Using a source-level debugger
	       run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step,
	       next, continue, finish, 'enter', print

	   gdb macro support
	   Dumping Perl Data Structures
	   Patching
	   Patching a core module
	   Adding a new function to the core
	   Writing a test
	       t/base/, t/cmd/, t/comp/, t/io/, t/lib/, t/op/, t/pod/, t/run/,
	       t/uni/, t/win32/, t/x2p, t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op,
	       t/lib ext lib

	   Special Make Test Targets
	       coretest, test.deparse, test.taintwarn, minitest, test.valgrind
	       check.valgrind utest.valgrind ucheck.valgrind, test.third
	       check.third utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest,
	       utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8, minitest.utf16 test.utf16,
	       test_harness, test-notty test_notty

	   Running tests by hand
	       -v, -torture, -re=PATTERN, -re LIST OF PATTERNS, PERL_CORE=1,
	       PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL=2, PERL, PERL_SKIP_TTY_TEST

       EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL
	   Rational Software's Purify
	   Purify on Unix
	       -Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemulti-
	       plicity

	   Purify on NT
	       DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug

	   valgrind
	   Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree
	   PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL
	   Profiling
	   Gprof Profiling
	       -a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z

	   GCC gcov Profiling
	   Pixie Profiling
	       -h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines],
	       -testcoverage, -z[ero]

	   Miscellaneous tricks
	   CONCLUSION
	       The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it
	       began.

       AUTHOR

       perlbook - Perl book information

       DESCRIPTION

       perltodo - Perl TO-DO List


       DESCRIPTION
       The roadmap to 5.10
	   Needed for a 5.9.4 release
	   Needed for a 5.9.5 release
	       Implement "_ prototype character", Implement "state variables"

	   Needed for a 5.9.6 release
       Tasks that only need Perl knowledge
	   common test code for timed bail out
	   POD -> HTML conversion in the core still sucks
	   Parallel testing
	   Make Schwern poorer
	   Improve the coverage of the core tests
	   test B
	   A decent benchmark
	   fix tainting bugs
	   Dual life everything
	   Improving "threads::shared"
	   POSIX memory footprint
       Tasks that need a little sysadmin-type knowledge
	   Relocatable perl
	   make HTML install work
	   compressed man pages
	   Add a code coverage target to the Makefile
	   Make Config.pm cope with differences between build and installed
	   perl
	   make parallel builds work
	   linker specification files
       Tasks that need a little C knowledge
	   Make it clear from -v if this is the exact official release
	   Tidy up global variables
	   Ordering of "global" variables.
	   bincompat functions
	   am I hot or not?
	   emulate the per-thread memory pool on Unix
	   reduce duplication in sv_setsv_flags
       Tasks that need a knowledge of XS
	   IPv6
	   shrink "GV"s, "CV"s
	   merge Perl_sv_2[inpu]v
	   UTF8 caching code
	   Implicit Latin 1 => Unicode translation
	   autovivification
	   Unicode in Filenames
	   Unicode in %ENV
	   use less 'memory'
	   Re-implement ":unique" in a way that is actually thread-safe
	   Make tainting consistent
	   readpipe(LIST)
       Tasks that need a knowledge of the interpreter
	   lexical pragmas
	   Attach/detach debugger from running program
	   Constant folding
	   LVALUE functions for lists
	   LVALUE functions in the debugger
	   _ prototype character
	   state variables
	   @INC source filter to Filter::Simple
	   regexp optimiser optional
	   UNITCHECK
	   optional optimizer
	   You WANT *how* many
	   lexical aliases
	   entersub XS vs Perl
	   Self ties
	   Optimize away @_
	   What hooks would assertions need?
       Big projects
	   make ithreads more robust
	   iCOW
	   (?{...}) closures in regexps
	   A re-entrant regexp engine

       perldoc - Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   -h, -v, -t, -u, -m module, -l, -F, -f perlfunc, -q perlfaq-search-
	   regexp, -T, -d destination-filename, -o output-formatname, -M mod-
	   ule-name, -w option:value or -w option, -X, PageName|Module-
	   Name|ProgramName, -n some-formatter, -r, -i, -V

       SECURITY
       ENVIRONMENT
       AUTHOR

       perlhist - the Perl history records


       DESCRIPTION
       INTRODUCTION
       THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN
	   PUMPKIN?
       THE RECORDS
	   SELECTED RELEASE SIZES
	   SELECTED PATCH SIZES
       THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS

       perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.8


       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Performance Enhancements
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       New Tests
       Known Problems
       Platform Specific Problems
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl588delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.8


       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Performance Enhancements
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       New Tests
       Known Problems
       Platform Specific Problems
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl587delta, perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.7


       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
	   Unicode Character Database 4.1.0
	   suidperl less insecure
	   Optional site customization script
	   "Config.pm" is now much smaller.
       Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
	   find2perl enhancements
       Performance Enhancements
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Known Problems
       Platform Specific Problems
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl586delta - what is new for perl v5.8.6


       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       Performance Enhancements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       New Tests
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl585delta - what is new for perl v5.8.5


       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
	   Perl's debugger
	   h2ph
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Known Problems
       Platform Specific Problems
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl584delta - what is new for perl v5.8.4


       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
	   Malloc wrapping
	   Unicode Character Database 4.0.1
	   suidperl less insecure
	   format
       Modules and Pragmata
	   Updated modules
	       Attribute::Handlers, B, Benchmark, CGI, Carp, Cwd, Exporter,
	       File::Find, IO, IPC::Open3, Local::Maketext, Math::BigFloat,
	       Math::BigInt, Math::BigRat, MIME::Base64, ODBM_File, POSIX,
	       Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Sys::Syslog, Term::ANSIColor,
	       Time::HiRes, Unicode::UCD, Win32, base, open, threads, utf8

       Performance Enhancements
       Utility Changes
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Future Directions
       Platform Specific Problems
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl583delta - what is new for perl v5.8.3


       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
	   CGI, Cwd, Digest, Digest::MD5, Encode, File::Spec, FindBin,
	   List::Util, Math::BigInt, PodParser, Pod::Perldoc, POSIX, Uni-
	   code::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Test::Harness, threads::shared

       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Configuration and Building
       Platform Specific Problems
       Known Problems
       Future Directions
       Obituary
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl582delta - what is new for perl v5.8.2


       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
	   Hash Randomisation
	   Threading
       Modules and Pragmata
	   Updated Modules And Pragmata
	       Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, I18N::LangTags, libnet,
	       MIME::Base64, Pod::Perldoc, strict, Tie::Hash, Time::HiRes,
	       Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, UNIVERSAL

       Selected Bug Fixes
       Changed Internals
       Platform Specific Problems
       Future Directions
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl581delta - what is new for perl v5.8.1


       DESCRIPTION
       Incompatible Changes
	   Hash Randomisation
	   UTF-8 On Filehandles No Longer Activated By Locale
	   Single-number v-strings are no longer v-strings before "=>"
	   (Win32) The -C Switch Has Been Repurposed
	   (Win32) The /d Switch Of cmd.exe
       Core Enhancements
	   UTF-8 no longer default under UTF-8 locales
	   Unsafe signals again available
	   Tied Arrays with Negative Array Indices
	   local ${$x}
	   Unicode Character Database 4.0.0
	   Deprecation Warnings
	   Miscellaneous Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
	   Updated Modules And Pragmata
	       base, B::Bytecode, B::Concise, B::Deparse, Benchmark,
	       ByteLoader, bytes, CGI, charnames, CPAN, Data::Dumper, DB_File,
	       Devel::PPPort, Digest::MD5, Encode, fields, libnet, Math::Big-
	       Int, MIME::Base64, NEXT, Net::Ping, PerlIO::scalar, podlators,
	       Pod::LaTeX, PodParsers, Pod::Perldoc, Scalar::Util, Storable,
	       strict, Term::ANSIcolor, Test::Harness, Test::More, Test::Sim-
	       ple, Text::Balanced, Time::HiRes, threads, threads::shared,
	       Unicode::Collate, Unicode::Normalize, Win32::GetFolderPath,
	       Win32::GetOSVersion

       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   Platform-specific enhancements
       Selected Bug Fixes
	   Closures, eval and lexicals
	   Generic fixes
	   Platform-specific fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
	   Changed "A thread exited while %d threads were running"
	   Removed "Attempt to clear a restricted hash"
	   New "Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine"
	   Changed "Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator"
	   New "Missing control char name in \c"
	   New "Newline in left-justified string for %s"
	   New "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator"
	   New "Pseudo-hashes are deprecated"
	   New "read() on %s filehandle %s"
	   New "5.005 threads are deprecated"
	   New "Tied variable freed while still in use"
	   New "To%s: illegal mapping '%s'"
	   New "Use of freed value in iteration"
       Changed Internals
       New Tests
       Known Problems
	   Tied hashes in scalar context
	   Net::Ping 450_service and 510_ping_udp failures
	   B::C
       Platform Specific Problems
	   EBCDIC Platforms
	   Cygwin 1.5 problems
	   HP-UX: HP cc warnings about sendfile and sendpath
	   IRIX: t/uni/tr_7jis.t falsely failing
	   Mac OS X: no usemymalloc
	   Tru64: No threaded builds with GNU cc (gcc)
	   Win32: sysopen, sysread, syswrite
       Future Directions
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO

       perl58delta - what is new for perl v5.8.0


       DESCRIPTION
       Highlights In 5.8.0
       Incompatible Changes
	   Binary Incompatibility
	   64-bit platforms and malloc
	   AIX Dynaloading
	   Attributes for "my" variables now handled at run-time
	   Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
	   IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha
	   New Unicode Semantics (no more "use utf8", almost)
	   New Unicode Properties
	   REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)
	   pack/unpack D/F recycled
	   glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order
	   Deprecations
       Core Enhancements
	   Unicode Overhaul
	   PerlIO is Now The Default
	   ithreads
	   Restricted Hashes
	   Safe Signals
	   Understanding of Numbers
	   Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]
	   Miscellaneous Changes
       Modules and Pragmata
	   New Modules and Pragmata
	   Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Performance Enhancements
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   Generic Improvements
	   New Or Improved Platforms
       Selected Bug Fixes
	   Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Security Vulnerability Closed [561]
       New Tests
       Known Problems
	   The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental
	   Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken
	   Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
	   Modifying $_ Inside for(..)
	   mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl
	   lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
	   libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51
	   PDL failing some tests
	   Perl_get_sv
	   Self-tying Problems
	   ext/threads/t/libc
	   Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests
	   Timing problems
	   Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify
	   Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work
       Platform Specific Problems
	   AIX
	   Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests
	   AmigaOS
	   BeOS
	   Cygwin "unable to remap"
	   Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT
	   DJGPP Failures
	   FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories
	   FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales
	   IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5
	   HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
	   Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint
	   Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
	   Mac OS X
	   Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols
	   OS/2 Test Failures
	   op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130
	   SCO
	   Solaris 2.5
	   Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint
	   SUPER-UX (NEC SX)
	   Term::ReadKey not working on Win32
	   UNICOS/mk
	   UTS
	   VOS (Stratus)
	   VMS
	   Win32
	   XML::Parser not working
	   z/OS (OS/390)
	   Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty
	   Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl573delta - what's new for perl v5.7.3


       DESCRIPTION
       Changes
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2


       DESCRIPTION
       Security Vulnerability Closed
       Incompatible Changes
	   64-bit platforms and malloc
	   AIX Dynaloading
	   Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS
	   Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}
	   Deprecations
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
	   New Modules and Distributions
	   Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   New Or Improved Platforms
	   Generic Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
	   Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Source Code Enhancements
	   MAGIC constants
	   Better commented code
	   Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up
	   gcc -Wall
       New Tests
       Known Problems
	   AIX
	   Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery
	   lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
	   Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12
	   HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured
	   HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured
	   Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
	   OS/390
	   op/sprintf tests 129 and 130
	   Failure of Thread tests
	   UNICOS
	   UTS
	   VMS
	   Win32
	   Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
	   Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
	   Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing
	   Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
	   The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
	   The Long Double Support is Still Experimental
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1


       DESCRIPTION
       Security Vulnerability Closed
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
	   AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable
	   PerlIO is Now The Default
	   Signals Are Now Safe
       Modules and Pragmata
	   New Modules
	   Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
       Performance Enhancements
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
	   perlclib
	   perliol
	   README.aix
	   README.bs2000
	   README.macos
	   README.mpeix
	   README.solaris
	   README.vos
	   Porting/repository.pod
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   New Or Improved Platforms
	   Generic Improvements
	       d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz,
	       d_msghdr_s, need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg,
	       sig_size, d_sockatmark, d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm,
	       d_usleep

       Selected Bug Fixes
	   Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       New Tests
       Known Problems
	   AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl
	   lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
	   lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
	   Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
	   lib/b test 19
	   Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
	   sigaction test 13 in VMS
	   sprintf tests 129 and 130
	   Failure of Thread tests
	   Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory
	   Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden
	   Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
	   The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0


       DESCRIPTION
       Security Vulnerability Closed
       Incompatible Changes
       Core Enhancements
       Modules and Pragmata
	   New Modules
	   Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata
       Utility Changes
       New Documentation
       Performance Enhancements
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   Generic Improvements
       Selected Bug Fixes
	   Platform Specific Changes and Fixes
       New or Changed Diagnostics
       Changed Internals
       Known Problems
	   Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect
	   EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform
	   Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles
	   ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'
	   Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX
	   Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris
	   Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48
	   Storable tests fail in some platforms
	   Threads Are Still Experimental
	   The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental
       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x


       DESCRIPTION
       Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1
	   Security Issues
	   Core bug fixes
	       "UNIVERSAL::isa()", Memory leaks, Numeric conversions,
	       qw(a\\b), caller(), Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode,
	       Autovivification of symbolic references to special variables,
	       Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and errors, glob(), Taint-
	       ing, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes, map(),
	       Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support,
	       Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp,
	       "no Module;", Tests

	   Core features
	   Configuration issues
	   Documentation
	   Bundled modules
	       B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI,
	       CPAN, Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find,
	       Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Com-
	       plex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, Pod::Text, SDBM_File,
	       Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash

	   Platform-specific improvements
	       NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX

       Core Enhancements
	   Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
	   Lexically scoped warning categories
	   Unicode and UTF-8 support
	   Support for interpolating named characters
	   "our" declarations
	   Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
	   Improved Perl version numbering system
	   New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
	   File and directory handles can be autovivified
	   open() with more than two arguments
	   64-bit support
	   Large file support
	   Long doubles
	   "more bits"
	   Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
	   "sort $coderef @foo" allowed
	   File globbing implemented internally
	   Support for CHECK blocks
	   POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
	   Better pseudo-random number generator
	   Improved "qw//" operator
	   Better worst-case behavior of hashes
	   pack() format 'Z' supported
	   pack() format modifier '!' supported
	   pack() and unpack() support counted strings
	   Comments in pack() templates
	   Weak references
	   Binary numbers supported
	   Lvalue subroutines
	   Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
	   Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
	   exists() is supported on subroutine names
	   exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
	   Pseudo-hashes work better
	   Automatic flushing of output buffers
	   Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
	   Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
	   eof() has the same old magic as <>
	   binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
	   "-T" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
	   system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
	   Improved diagnostics
	   Diagnostics follow STDERR
	   More consistent close-on-exec behavior
	   syswrite() ease-of-use
	   Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
	   Bit operators support full native integer width
	   Improved security features
	   More functional bareword prototype (*)
	   "require" and "do" may be overridden
	   $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
	   New variable $^C reflects "-c" switch
	   New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
	   Optional Y2K warnings
	   Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
	   @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex submatches
       Modules and Pragmata
	   Modules
	       attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames,
	       Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dump-
	       value, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare,
	       File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions,
	       Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex,
	       Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, pod-
	       checker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect,
	       Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File,
	       Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local,
	       Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters

	   Pragmata
       Utility Changes
	   dprofpp
	   find2perl
	   h2xs
	   perlcc
	   perldoc
	   The Perl Debugger
       Improved Documentation
	   perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
	   perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perl-
	   hack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, per-
	   lopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perluni-
	   code.pod

       Performance enhancements
	   Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
	   Optimized assignments to lexical variables
	   Faster subroutine calls
	   delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   -Dusethreads means something different
	   New Configure flags
	   Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
	   Long Doubles
	   -Dusemorebits
	   -Duselargefiles
	   installusrbinperl
	   SOCKS support
	   "-A" flag
	   Enhanced Installation Directories
	   gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working
       Platform specific changes
	   Supported platforms
	   DOS
	   OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
	   VMS
	   Win32
       Significant bug fixes
	    on empty files
	   "eval '...'" improvements
	   All compilation errors are true errors
	   Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
	   Behavior of list slices is more consistent
	   "(\$)" prototype and $foo{a}
	   "goto &sub" and AUTOLOAD
	   "-bareword" allowed under "use integer"
	   Failures in DESTROY()
	   Locale bugs fixed
	   Memory leaks
	   Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
	   Taint failures under "-U"
	   END blocks and the "-c" switch
	   Potential to leak DATA filehandles
       New or Changed Diagnostics
	   "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not
	   yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only
	   after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A
	   or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric
	   type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecog-
	   nized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should
	   probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check proto-
	   type, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is
	   not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subrou-
	   tine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved
	   word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join
	   self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored,
	   Bareword found in conditional, Binary number >
	   0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size >
	   32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
	   filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in
	   "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing
	   to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read
	   CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s
	   from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character
	   class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside
	   character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s,
	   CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
	   defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did
	   you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data,
	   entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, File-
	   handle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s,
	   Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal num-
	   ber > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s",
	   Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit
	   %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec,
	   Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s
	   attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator
	   character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
	   subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
	   returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
	   %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in
	   "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for
	   variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset
	   information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number >
	   037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen
	   errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around
	   "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Pos-
	   sible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME :
	   ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in
	   pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of
	   freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take
	   arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching
	   effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ
	   elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s),
	   Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process
	   %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c
	   passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list,
	   Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
	   subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list,
	   Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a con-
	   stant number

       New tests
       Incompatible Changes
	   Perl Source Incompatibilities
	       CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has
	       changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Liter-
	       als of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed
	       pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys
	       has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec
	       bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to
	       mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and
	       "\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
	       Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been
	       removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator,
	       Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics
	       of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More
	       builtins taint their results

	   C Source Incompatibilities
	       "PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"

	   Compatible C Source API Changes
	       "PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"

	   Binary Incompatibilities
       Known Problems
	   Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory
	   Known test failures
	   EBCDIC platforms not fully supported
	   UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
	   Arrow operator and arrays
	   Experimental features
	       Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak ref-
	       erences, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Inter-
	       nal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular
	       expression code constructs:

       Obsolete Diagnostics
	   Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions,
	   Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now
	   must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp
	   too big, Use of "$$" to mean "${$}" is deprecated

       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0


       DESCRIPTION
       Core Enhancements
	   Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency
	   Lexically scoped warning categories
	   Unicode and UTF-8 support
	   Support for interpolating named characters
	   "our" declarations
	   Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals
	   Improved Perl version numbering system
	   New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes
	   File and directory handles can be autovivified
	   open() with more than two arguments
	   64-bit support
	   Large file support
	   Long doubles
	   "more bits"
	   Enhanced support for sort() subroutines
	   "sort $coderef @foo" allowed
	   File globbing implemented internally
	   Support for CHECK blocks
	   POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported
	   Better pseudo-random number generator
	   Improved "qw//" operator
	   Better worst-case behavior of hashes
	   pack() format 'Z' supported
	   pack() format modifier '!' supported
	   pack() and unpack() support counted strings
	   Comments in pack() templates
	   Weak references
	   Binary numbers supported
	   Lvalue subroutines
	   Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references
	   Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues
	   exists() is supported on subroutine names
	   exists() and delete() are supported on array elements
	   Pseudo-hashes work better
	   Automatic flushing of output buffers
	   Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations
	   Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle
	   eof() has the same old magic as <>
	   binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes
	   "-T" filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"
	   system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure
	   Improved diagnostics
	   Diagnostics follow STDERR
	   More consistent close-on-exec behavior
	   syswrite() ease-of-use
	   Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators
	   Bit operators support full native integer width
	   Improved security features
	   More functional bareword prototype (*)
	   "require" and "do" may be overridden
	   $^X variables may now have names longer than one character
	   New variable $^C reflects "-c" switch
	   New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string
	   Optional Y2K warnings
	   Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings
	   @- and @+ provide starting/ending offsets of regex matches
       Modules and Pragmata
	   Modules
	       attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames,
	       Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dump-
	       value, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare,
	       File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions,
	       Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex,
	       Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, pod-
	       checker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect,
	       Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File,
	       Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local,
	       Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters

	   Pragmata
       Utility Changes
	   dprofpp
	   find2perl
	   h2xs
	   perlcc
	   perldoc
	   The Perl Debugger
       Improved Documentation
	   perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod,
	   perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perl-
	   hack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, per-
	   lopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perluni-
	   code.pod

       Performance enhancements
	   Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized
	   Optimized assignments to lexical variables
	   Faster subroutine calls
	   delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster
       Installation and Configuration Improvements
	   -Dusethreads means something different
	   New Configure flags
	   Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring
	   Long Doubles
	   -Dusemorebits
	   -Duselargefiles
	   installusrbinperl
	   SOCKS support
	   "-A" flag
	   Enhanced Installation Directories
       Platform specific changes
	   Supported platforms
	   DOS
	   OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)
	   VMS
	   Win32
       Significant bug fixes
	    on empty files
	   "eval '...'" improvements
	   All compilation errors are true errors
	   Implicitly closed filehandles are safer
	   Behavior of list slices is more consistent
	   "(\$)" prototype and $foo{a}
	   "goto &sub" and AUTOLOAD
	   "-bareword" allowed under "use integer"
	   Failures in DESTROY()
	   Locale bugs fixed
	   Memory leaks
	   Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls
	   Taint failures under "-U"
	   END blocks and the "-c" switch
	   Potential to leak DATA filehandles
       New or Changed Diagnostics
	   "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not
	   yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only
	   after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A
	   or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric
	   type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecog-
	   nized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should
	   probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check proto-
	   type, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is
	   not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subrou-
	   tine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved
	   word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join
	   self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored,
	   Bareword found in conditional, Binary number >
	   0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size >
	   32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check
	   filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in
	   "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing
	   to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read
	   CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s
	   from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character
	   class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside
	   character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s,
	   CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated,
	   defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did
	   you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data,
	   entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, File-
	   handle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s,
	   Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal num-
	   ber > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s",
	   Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit
	   %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec,
	   Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s
	   attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator
	   character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in
	   subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs
	   returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing
	   %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in
	   "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for
	   variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset
	   information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number >
	   037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen
	   errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around
	   "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Pos-
	   sible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME :
	   ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in
	   pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of
	   freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take
	   arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching
	   effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ
	   elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s),
	   Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process
	   %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c
	   passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list,
	   Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in
	   subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list,
	   Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a con-
	   stant number

       New tests
       Incompatible Changes
	   Perl Source Incompatibilities
	       CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has
	       changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Liter-
	       als of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed
	       pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys
	       has changed, "undef" fails on read only values, Close-on-exec
	       bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to
	       mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and
	       "\(%h)", vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS,
	       Text of some diagnostic output has changed, "%@" has been
	       removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator,
	       Semantics of bareword prototype "(*)" have changed, Semantics
	       of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More
	       builtins taint their results

	   C Source Incompatibilities
	       "PERL_POLLUTE", "PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT", "PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC"

	   Compatible C Source API Changes
	       "PATCHLEVEL" is now "PERL_VERSION"

	   Binary Incompatibilities
       Known Problems
	   Thread test failures
	   EBCDIC platforms not supported
	   In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang
	   NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure
	   Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with
	   gcc
	   UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run
	   Arrow operator and arrays
	   Experimental features
	       Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak ref-
	       erences, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Inter-
	       nal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular
	       expression code constructs:

       Obsolete Diagnostics
	   Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions,
	   Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now
	   must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp
	   too big, Use of "$$" to mean "${$}" is deprecated

       Reporting Bugs
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005


       DESCRIPTION
       About the new versioning system
       Incompatible Changes
	   WARNING:  This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.
	   Default installation structure has changed
	   Perl Source Compatibility
	   C Source Compatibility
	   Binary Compatibility
	   Security fixes may affect compatibility
	   Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004
	   Licensing
       Core Changes
	   Threads
	   Compiler
	   Regular Expressions
	       Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regu-
	       lar expression constructs, New operator for precompiled regular
	       expressions, Other improvements, Incompatible changes

	   Improved malloc()
	   Quicksort is internally implemented
	   Reliable signals
	   Reliable stack pointers
	   More generous treatment of carriage returns
	   Memory leaks
	   Better support for multiple interpreters
	   Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined
	   "%!" is transparently tied to the Errno module
	   Pseudo-hashes are supported
	   "EXPR foreach EXPR" is supported
	   Keywords can be globally overridden
	   $^E is meaningful on Win32
	   "foreach (1..1000000)" optimized
	   "Foo::" can be used as implicitly quoted package name
	   "exists $Foo::{Bar::}" tests existence of a package
	   Better locale support
	   Experimental support for 64-bit platforms
	   prototype() returns useful results on builtins
	   Extended support for exception handling
	   Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods
	   All "printf" format conversions are handled internally
	   New "INIT" keyword
	   New "lock" keyword
	   New "qr//" operator
	   "our" is now a reserved word
	   Tied arrays are now fully supported
	   Tied handles support is better
	   4th argument to substr
	   Negative LENGTH argument to splice
	   Magic lvalues are now more magical
	   <> now reads in records
       Supported Platforms
	   New Platforms
	   Changes in existing support
       Modules and Pragmata
	   New Modules
	       B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtU-
	       tils::Installed, ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test,
	       Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread, attrs, fields, re

	   Changes in existing modules
	       Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX,
	       DB_File, MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd

       Utility Changes
       Documentation Changes
       New Diagnostics
	   Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &,
	   Bad index while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to
	   nonexistent package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value,
	   Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce
	   array into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't
	   localize pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not
	   available, Cannot find an opnumber for "%s", Character class syntax
	   [. .] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [:
	   :] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [= =]
	   is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in insecure regu-
	   lar expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s:
	   Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assum-
	   ing package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field,
	   No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during
	   ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer range,
	   Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' %s,
	   Reference found where even-sized list expected, Undefined value
	   assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated,
	   perl: warning: Setting locale failed

       Obsolete Diagnostics
	   Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e: %s, Cannot open
	   temporary file, regexp too big

       Configuration Changes
       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004


       DESCRIPTION
       Supported Environments
       Core Changes
	   List assignment to %ENV works
	   Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error
	   Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003
	   $PERL5OPT environment variable
	   Limitations on -M, -m, and -T options
	   More precise warnings
	   Deprecated: Inherited "AUTOLOAD" for non-methods
	   Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable
	   Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified
	   Group vector changeable with $)
	   Fixed parsing of $$, &$, etc.
	   Fixed localization of $, $&, etc.
	   No resetting of $. on implicit close
	   "wantarray" may return undef
	   "eval EXPR" determines value of EXPR in scalar context
	   Changes to tainting checks
	       No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV,
	       $BASH_ENV, No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a
	       terminal name

	   New Opcode module and revised Safe module
	   Embedding improvements
	   Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes
	   Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface
	   New and changed syntax
	       $coderef->(PARAMS)

	   New and changed builtin constants
	       __PACKAGE__

	   New and changed builtin variables
	       $^E, $^H, $^M

	   New and changed builtin functions
	       delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue,
	       my() in Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use
	       VERSION, use Module VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand,
	       $_ as Default, "m//gc" does not reset search position on fail-
	       ure, "m//x" ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested "sub{}"
	       closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals

	   New builtin methods
	       isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )

	   TIEHANDLE now supported
	       TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST,
	       READ this LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this

	   Malloc enhancements
	       -DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE

	   Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements
       Support for More Operating Systems
	   Win32
	   Plan 9
	   QNX
	   AmigaOS
       Pragmata
	   use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir',
	   use constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish

       Modules
	   Required Updates
	   Installation directories
	   Module information summary
	   Fcntl
	   IO
	   Math::Complex
	   Math::Trig
	   DB_File
	   Net::Ping
	   Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators
       Utility Changes
	   pod2html
	       Sends converted HTML to standard output

	   xsubpp
	       "void" XSUBs now default to returning nothing

       C Language API Changes
	   "gv_fetchmethod" and "perl_call_sv", "perl_eval_pv", Extended API
	   for manipulating hashes

       Documentation Changes
	   perldelta, perlfaq, perllocale, perltoot, perlapio, perlmodlib,
	   perldebug, perlsec

       New Diagnostics
	   "my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argu-
	   ment is not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx,
	   Allocation too large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s),
	   Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference
	   as lvalue in substr, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package,
	   Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s")
	   as %s ref while "strict refs" in use, Cannot resolve method `%s'
	   overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s redefined,
	   Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return a ref-
	   erence, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long,
	   Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT:
	   %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal num-
	   ber, internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s",
	   Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name
	   "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo, Null picture in formline,
	   Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory during request
	   for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put comments in qw()
	   list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value
	   @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving
	   method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for "-T" option, untie
	   attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized char-
	   acter %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$" to mean
	   "${$}" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with
	   defined(), Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not
	   stay shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name
	   |%s| in prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed
	   PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s

       BUGS
       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

       perlartistic - the Perl Artistic License


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       The "Artistic License"
	   Preamble
	   Definitions
	       "Package", "Standard Version", "Copyright Holder", "You", "Rea-
	       sonable copying fee", "Freely Available"

	   Conditions
	       a), b), c), d), a), b), c), d)

       perlgpl - the GNU General Public License, version 2


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

       perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems


       DESCRIPTION
	   Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
	   OS level
	   Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
	   The IBM ANSI C Compiler
	   The usenm option
	   Using GNU's gcc for building perl
	   Using Large Files with Perl
	   Threaded Perl
	   64-bit Perl
	   AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS


       NOTE
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS
	       Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library, Version of Amiga OS

	   Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS
	   Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS
       INSTALLATION
       Accessing documentation
	   Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS
	   Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS
	   Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS
	   Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS
       BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS
	   Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS
	   Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS
	   Making Perl on AmigaOS
	   Testing Perl on AmigaOS
	   Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS
       PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO

       perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS


       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5.8+ on BeOS


       DESCRIPTION
       BUILD AND INSTALL
	   Requirements
	   Configure
	   Build
	   Install
       KNOWN PROBLEMS
       CONTACT

       perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   gzip on BS2000
	   bison on BS2000
	   Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000
	   Compiling Perl on BS2000
	   Testing Perl on BS2000
	   Installing Perl on BS2000
	   Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000
	   Using Perl in "native" BS2000
	   Floating point anomalies on BS2000
	   Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO
	   Mailing list
       HISTORY

       perlce - Perl for WinCE


       DESCRIPTION
       BUILD
	   Tools & SDK
	       Microsoft Embedded Visual Tools, Microsoft Visual C++, Rainer
	       Keuchel's celib-sources, Rainer Keuchel's console-sources

	   Make
	       go to ./wince subdirectory, edit file compile.bat, run	com-
	       pile.bat, run
		 compile.bat dist

       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       AUTHORS

       perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin


       SYNOPSIS
       PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN
	   Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)
	   Cygwin Configuration
	       "PATH", nroff, Permissions

       CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN
	   Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin
	   Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin
	       "-lcrypt", "-lgdbm" ("use GDBM_File"), "-ldb" ("use DB_File"),
	       "-lcygipc" ("use IPC::SysV"), "-lutil"

	   Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin
	       "-Uusedl", "-Uusemymalloc", "-Uuseperlio", "-Dusemultiplicity",
	       "-Duse64bitint", "-Duselongdouble", "-Dusethreads", "-Duse-
	       largefiles", "-Dmksymlinks"

	   Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin
	       dlsym(), Win9x and "d_eofnblk", Compiler/Preprocessor defines

       MAKE ON CYGWIN
	   Errors on Cygwin
	   ld2 on Cygwin
       TEST ON CYGWIN
	   File Permissions on Cygwin
	   NDBM_File and ODBM_File do not work on FAT filesystems
	   "fork()" failures in io_* tests
       Specific features of the Cygwin port
	   Script Portability on Cygwin
	       Pathnames, Text/Binary, PerlIO, .exe, cygwin vs. windows
	       process ids, "chown()", Miscellaneous

	   Prebuilt methods:
	       "Cwd::cwd", "Cygwin::pid_to_winpid", "Cygwin::winpid_to_pid"

       INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN
       MANIFEST ON CYGWIN
	   Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled
	   Perl Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts

       BUGS ON CYGWIN
       AUTHORS
       HISTORY

       perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX
	   Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX
	   Threaded Perl on DG/UX
	   Testing Perl on DG/UX
	   Installing the built perl on DG/UX
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS
	       DJGPP, Pthreads

	   Shortcomings of Perl under DOS
	   Building Perl on DOS
	   Testing Perl on DOS
	   Installation of Perl on DOS
       BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS
	   Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS
	   Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS
	   Building Non-XS Modules on DOS
	   Building XS Modules on DOS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC


       SYNOPSIS
       INTRODUCTION
       INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC
       STARTING PERL ON EPOC
	   Editors on Epoc
	   Features of Perl on Epoc
	   Restrictions of Perl on Epoc
	   Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment
       SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC
       AUTHOR
       LAST UPDATE

       perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems


       DESCRIPTION
	   FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads
	   $^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD
	   Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"
       AUTHOR

       perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX)
       systems


       DESCRIPTION
	   Using perl as shipped with HP-UX
	   Using perl from HP's porting centre
	   Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX
	   PA-RISC
	   Portability Between PA-RISC Versions
	   PA-RISC 1.0
	   PA-RISC 1.1
	   PA-RISC 2.0
	   Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX
	   Itanium & Itanium 2
	   Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX
	   The HP ANSI C Compiler
	   The GNU C Compiler
	   Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX
	   Threaded Perl on HP-UX
	   64-bit Perl on HP-UX
	   Oracle on HP-UX
	   GDBM and Threads on HP-UX
	   NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX
	   perl -P and // and HP-UX
	   HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl
       nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd


       DESCRIPTION
	   Known Problems with Perl on Hurd
       AUTHOR

       perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems


       DESCRIPTION
	   Building 32-bit Perl in Irix
	   Building 64-bit Perl in Irix
	   About Compiler Versions of Irix
	   Linker Problems in Irix
	   Malloc in Irix
	   Building with threads in Irix
	   Irix 5.3
       AUTHOR

       perllinux, README.linux - Perl version 5 on Linux systems


       DESCRIPTION
	   Experimental Support for Sun Studio Compilers for Linux OS
       AUTHOR

       perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen systems


       DESCRIPTION
	   Perl version 5.8.x and greater not supported
	   Compiling Perl 5.6.x on MachTen
	   Failures during "make test" on MachTen
	       op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t

	   Building external modules on MachTen
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlmacosx, README.macosx - Perl under Mac OS X


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Installation Prefix
	   libperl and Prebinding
	   Updating Apple-supplied Perl
	   64-bit Perl
	   Intel processor support
	   Universal binaries
	   Known problems
	   MacPerl
	   Carbon
	   Cocoa
       Starting From Scratch
       AUTHOR
       DATE

       perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT


       DESCRIPTION
       Known problems with Perl on MiNT
       AUTHOR

       perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE


       SYNOPSIS
       NOTE
       Binary distribution from HP
       What's New in Perl for MPE/iX
       Welcome to Perl/iX
       System Requirements for Perl/iX
       How to Obtain Perl/iX
       Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights
	   README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, pub-
	   lic_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe

       How to Compile Perl/iX
	    4,	6

       Getting Started with Perl/iX
       MPE/iX Implementation Considerations
       Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation
       Perl/iX To-Do List
       Perl/iX Change History
       AUTHOR

       perlnetware - Perl for NetWare


       DESCRIPTION
       BUILD
	   Tools & SDK
	   Setup
	       SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat

	   Make
	   Interpreter
	   Extensions
       INSTALL
       BUILD NEW EXTENSIONS
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       AUTHORS
       DATE

       perlopenbsd, README.openbsd - Perl version 5 on OpenBSD systems


       DESCRIPTION
	   OpenBSD core dumps from getprotobyname_r and getservbyname_r with
	   ithreads
       AUTHOR

       perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Target
	   Other OSes
	   Prerequisites
	       EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh

	   Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)
	   Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl
       Frequently asked questions
	   "It does not work"
	   I cannot run external programs
	   I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll from my pro-
	   gram.
	       Is your program EMX-compiled with "-Zmt -Zcrtdll"?, Did you use
	       ExtUtils::Embed?

	   `` and pipe-"open" do not work under DOS.
	   Cannot start "find.exe "pattern" file"
       INSTALLATION
	   Automatic binary installation
	       "PERL_BADLANG", "PERL_BADFREE", Config.pm

	   Manual binary installation
	       Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO
	       executable (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities,
	       Main Perl library, Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile
	       Perl modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages for
	       Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, Perl manual in
	       .INF format, Pdksh

	   Warning
       Accessing documentation
	   OS/2 .INF file
	   Plain text
	   Manpages
	   HTML
	   GNU "info" files
	   PDF files
	   "LaTeX" docs
       BUILD
	   The short story
	   Prerequisites
	   Getting perl source
	   Application of the patches
	   Hand-editing
	   Making
	   Testing
	       A lot of "bad free", Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT,
	       op/fs.t, op/stat.t

	   Installing the built perl
	   "a.out"-style build
       Building a binary distribution
       Building custom .EXE files
	   Making executables with a custom collection of statically loaded
	   extensions
	   Making executables with a custom search-paths
       Build FAQ
	   Some "/" became "\" in pdksh.
	   'errno' - unresolved external
	   Problems with tr or sed
	   Some problem (forget which ;-)
	   Library ... not found
	   Segfault in make
	   op/sprintf test failure
       Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port
	   "setpriority", "getpriority"
	   "system()"
	   "extproc" on the first line
	   Additional modules:
	   Prebuilt methods:
	       "File::Copy::syscopy", "DynaLoader::mod2fname",	"Cwd::cur-
	       rent_drive()",
		"Cwd::sys_chdir(name)",  "Cwd::change_drive(name)",
	       "Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)", "Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)",
	       "Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)", "Cwd::sys_cwd(name)",
	       "Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)",  "Cwd::extLibpath([type])",
	       "Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )", "OS2::Error(do_harder-
	       ror,do_exception)", "OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)", OS2::SysInfo(),
	       OS2::BootDrive(), "OS2::MorphPM(serve)", "OS2::UnMor-
	       phPM(serve)", "OS2::Serve_Messages(force)", "OS2::Process_Mes-
	       sages(force [, cnt])", "OS2::_control87(new,mask)",
	       OS2::get_control87(), "OS2::set_con-
	       trol87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)", "OS2::DLLname([how [,
	       \&xsub]])"

	   Prebuilt variables:
	       $OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout,
	       $OS2::can_fork, $OS2::nsyserror

	   Misfeatures
	   Modifications
	       "popen", "tmpnam", "tmpfile", "ctermid", "stat", "mkdir",
	       "rmdir", "flock"

	   Identifying DLLs
	   Centralized management of resources
	       "HAB", "HMQ", Treating errors reported by OS/2 API, "CheckOSEr-
	       ror(expr)", "CheckWinError(expr)", "SaveWinError(expr)", "Save-
	       CroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2)", "WinError_2_Perl_rc",
	       "FillWinError", "FillOSError(rc)", Loading DLLs and ordinals in
	       DLLs

       Perl flavors
	   perl.exe
	   perl_.exe
	   perl__.exe
	   perl___.exe
	   Why strange names?
	   Why dynamic linking?
	   Why chimera build?
       ENVIRONMENT
	   "PERLLIB_PREFIX"
	   "PERL_BADLANG"
	   "PERL_BADFREE"
	   "PERL_SH_DIR"
	   "USE_PERL_FLOCK"
	   "TMP" or "TEMP"
       Evolution
	   Text-mode filehandles
	   Priorities
	   DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2
	   DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond
	       Global DLLs, specific DLLs, "BEGINLIBPATH" and "ENDLIBPATH", .
	       from "LIBPATH"

	   DLL forwarder generation
	   Threading
	   Calls to external programs
	   Memory allocation
	   Threads
	       "COND_WAIT", os2.c

       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 and
       z/OS


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Tools
	   Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390
	   Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390
	   Configure Perl on OS/390
	   Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390
	   Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
	   Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
	   Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
	   Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390
	   Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390
	   Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO
	   Mailing list for Perl on OS/390
       HISTORY

       perlos400, README.os400 - Perl version 5 on OS/400


       DESCRIPTION
	   Compiling Perl for OS/400 PASE
	   Installing Perl in OS/400 PASE
	   Using Perl in OS/400 PASE
	   Known Problems
	   Perl on ILE
       AUTHORS

       perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl


       DESCRIPTION
	   Invoking Perl
	   What's in Plan 9 Perl
	   What's not in Plan 9 Perl
	   Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl
	   Signals in Plan 9 Perl
       COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9
	   Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9
       BUGS
       Revision date
       AUTHOR

       perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX


       DESCRIPTION
	   Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4
	       /bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make

	   Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4
	   QNX auxiliary files
	       qnx/ar, qnx/cpp

	   Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6
       AUTHOR

       perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems


       DESCRIPTION
	   Solaris Version Numbers.
       RESOURCES
	   Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation

       SETTING UP
	   File Extraction Problems on Solaris.
	   Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.
	   Environment for Compiling perl on Solaris
       RUN CONFIGURE.
	   64-bit perl on Solaris.
	   Threads in perl on Solaris.
	   Malloc Issues with perl on Solaris.
       MAKE PROBLEMS.
	   Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl:
	   fatal: relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error
	   "No DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found, warning: dead
	   part of constant expression is nonconstant

       MAKE TEST
	   op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris
	   nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent
       PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.
       RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.
	   Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.
       SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.
       SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.
	   Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris
	   BSD::Resource on Solaris
	   Net::SSLeay on Solaris
       SunOS 4.x
       AUTHOR

       perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as
       Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems


       DESCRIPTION
	   Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64
	   Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64
	   Threaded Perl on Tru64
	   Long Doubles on Tru64
	   DB_File tests failing on Tru64
	   64-bit Perl on Tru64
	   Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64
       Testing Perl on Tru64
       ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds
       Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark
       AUTHOR

       perluts - Perl under UTS


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUILDING PERL ON UTS
       Installing the built perl on UTS
       AUTHOR

       perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA
	   Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA
	   Configure Perl on VM/ESA
	   Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA
	   Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA
       AUTHORS
       SEE ALSO
	   Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA

       perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl


       DESCRIPTION
       Installation
       Organization of Perl Images
	   Core Images
	   Perl Extensions
	   Installing static extensions
	   Installing dynamic extensions
       File specifications
	   Syntax
	   Wildcard expansion
	   Pipes
       PERL5LIB and PERLLIB
       Command line
	   I/O redirection and backgrounding
	   Command line switches
	       -i, -S, -u

       Perl functions
	   File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER,
	   dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill,
	   qx//, select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times,
	   unlink LIST, utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS

       Perl variables
	   %ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|

       Standard modules with VMS-specific differences
	   SDBM_File
       Revision date
       AUTHOR

       perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS


       SYNOPSIS
	   Multiple methods to build perl for VOS
	   Stratus POSIX Support
       INSTALLING PERL IN VOS
	   Compiling Perl 5 on VOS
	   Installing Perl 5 on VOS
       USING PERL IN VOS
	   Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS
	   Restrictions of Perl on VOS
	   Handling of underflow and overflow
       TEST STATUS
       SUPPORT STATUS
       AUTHOR
       LAST UPDATE

       perlwin32 - Perl under Windows


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Setting Up Perl on Win32
	       Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++,
	       Microsoft Visual C++ Toolkit 2003, Microsoft Platform SDK
	       64-bit Compiler, MinGW release 3 with gcc, MinGW release 1 with
	       gcc

	   Building
	   Testing Perl on Win32
	   Installation of Perl on Win32
	   Usage Hints for Perl on Win32
	       Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the com-
	       mand line, Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expan-
	       sion, Win32 Specific Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows

	   Running Perl Scripts
	   Miscellaneous Things
       BUGS AND CAVEATS
       ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
       AUTHORS
	   Gary Ng <71564.1743@CompuServe.COM>, Gurusamy Sarathy
	   , Nick Ing-Simmons ,
	   Jan Dubois , Steve Hay
	   

       SEE ALSO
       HISTORY

PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION
       attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   method, locked

       re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data
       structures between threads


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXPORT
       FUNCTIONS
	   share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait COND-
	   VAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait
	   CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast
	   VARIABLE

       NOTES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads from
       perl


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   $thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join,
	   $thread->detach, threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid
	   ), threads->yield();, threads->list();, async BLOCK;

       WARNINGS
	   A thread exited while %d other threads were still running

       TODO
       BUGS
	   Parent-Child threads, tid is I32, Returning objects, Creating
	   threads inside BEGIN blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe,
	   will not be

       AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT
       SEE ALSO

       attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Built-in Attributes
	       locked, method, lvalue

	   Available Subroutines
	       get, reftype

	   Package-specific Attribute Handling
	       FETCH_type_ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY_type_ATTRIBUTES

	   Syntax of Attribute Lists
       EXPORTS
	   Default exports
	   Available exports
	   Export tags defined
       EXAMPLES
       SEE ALSO

       autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       WARNING
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       base - Establish IS-A relationship with base classes at compile time


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Base class package "%s" is empty

       HISTORY
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO

       bigint - Transparent BigInteger support for Perl


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Options
	       a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or ver-
	       sion

	   Math Library
	   Internal Format
	   Sign
	   Methods
	   Caveat
       MODULES USED
       EXAMPLES
       LICENSE
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Options
	       a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or ver-
	       sion

	   Methods
	   Caveat
	       inf(), NaN(), upgrade()

	   MATH LIBRARY
	   INTERNAL FORMAT
	   SIGN
       MODULES USED
       EXAMPLES
       LICENSE
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Modules Used
	   Math Library
	   Sign
	   Methods
	   Cavaet
	   Options
	       a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or ver-
	       sion

       EXAMPLES
		   perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
		   perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
		   perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
		   perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'
		   perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';

       LICENSE
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS

       blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character
       semantics


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       LIMITATIONS
       SEE ALSO

       charnames - define character names for "\N{named}" string literal
       escapes


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
       CUSTOM ALIASES
	   Anonymous hashes
	   Alias file
	   Alias shortcut
       charnames::viacode(code)
       charnames::vianame(name)
       ALIASES
       ILLEGAL CHARACTERS
       BUGS

       constant - Perl pragma to declare constants


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NOTES
	   List constants
	   Defining multiple constants at once
	   Magic constants
       TECHNICAL NOTES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       COPYRIGHT

       diagnostics, splain - produce verbose warning diagnostics


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   The "diagnostics" Pragma
	   The splain Program
       EXAMPLES
       INTERNALS
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8


       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
	   Literal Conversions
	   PerlIO layers for "STD(IN|OUT)"
	   Implicit upgrading for byte strings
       FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1
	   "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle

       USAGE
	   use encoding [ENCNAME] ;, use encoding ENCNAME [ STDIN => ENC-
	   NAME_IN ...] ;, use encoding ENCNAME Filter=>1;, no encoding;

       The Filter Option
	   Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87
       CAVEATS
	   NOT SCOPED
	   DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS
	   tr/// with ranges
	       Legend of characters above

       EXAMPLE - Greekperl
       KNOWN PROBLEMS
	   literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format

	   The Logic of :locale
       HISTORY
       SEE ALSO

       fields - compile-time class fields


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   new, phash

       SEE ALSO

       filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   subpragma access

       if - "use" a Perl module if a condition holds


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating
       point


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       lib - manipulate @INC at compile time


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Adding directories to @INC
	   Deleting directories from @INC
	   Restoring original @INC
       CAVEATS
       NOTES
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHOR

       locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in opera-
       tions


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY
       IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
       SEE ALSO

       ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       SEE ALSO

       overload - Package for overloading Perl operations


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Declaration of overloaded functions
	   Calling Conventions for Binary Operations
	       FALSE, TRUE, "undef"

	   Calling Conventions for Unary Operations
	   Calling Conventions for Mutators
	       "++" and "--", "x=" and other assignment versions

	   Overloadable Operations
	       Arithmetic operations, Comparison operations, Bit operations,
	       Increment and decrement, Transcendental functions, Boolean,
	       string and numeric conversion, Iteration, Dereferencing, Spe-
	       cial

	   Inheritance and overloading
	       Strings as values of "use overload" directive, Overloading of
	       an operation is inherited by derived classes

       SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR "use overload"
	   Last Resort
	   Fallback
	       "undef", TRUE, defined, but FALSE

	   Copy Constructor
	       Example

       MAGIC AUTOGENERATION
	   Assignment forms of arithmetic operations, Conversion operations,
	   Increment and decrement, "abs($a)", Unary minus, Negation, Concate-
	   nation, Comparison operations, Iterator, Dereferencing, Copy opera-
	   tor

       Losing overloading
       Run-time Overloading
       Public functions
	   overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), over-
	   load::Method(obj,op)

       Overloading constants
	   integer, float, binary, q, qr

       IMPLEMENTATION
       Metaphor clash
       Cookbook
	   Two-face scalars
	   Two-face references
	   Symbolic calculator
	   Really symbolic calculator
       AUTHOR
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an
	   overloadable type, `%s' is not a code reference

       BUGS

       sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   SIGNAL HANDLERS
	       stack-trace, die, handler your-handler

	   SIGNAL LISTS
	       normal-signals, error-signals, old-interface-signals

	   OTHER
	       untrapped, any, signal, number

       EXAMPLES

       sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CAVEATS

       strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   "strict refs", "strict vars", "strict subs"

       HISTORY

       subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data struc-
       tures between threads


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXPORT
       FUNCTIONS
	   share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_wait COND-
	   VAR, LOCKVAR, cond_timedwait VARIABLE, ABS_TIMEOUT, cond_timedwait
	   CONDVAR, ABS_TIMEOUT, LOCKVAR, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast
	   VARIABLE

       NOTES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source
       code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Utility functions
	       $num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string), $success = utf8::down-
	       grade($string[, FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string),
	       utf8::decode($string), $flag = utf8::is_utf8(STRING), $flag =
	       utf8::valid(STRING)

       BUGS
       SEE ALSO

       vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

       vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   "vmsish status", "vmsish exit", "vmsish time", "vmsish hushed"

       warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warn-
	   ings::enabled($category), warnings::enabled($object), warn-
	   ings::warn($message), warnings::warn($category, $message), warn-
	   ings::warn($object, $message), warnings::warnif($message), warn-
	   ings::warnif($category, $message), warnings::warnif($object, $mes-
	   sage)

       warnings::register - warnings import function


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION

MODULE DOCUMENTATION
       AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   DBM Comparisons
	       [0], [1], [2], [3]

       SEE ALSO

       Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers

       VERSION
       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

	   Typed lexicals
	   Type-specific attribute handlers
	   Non-interpretive attribute handlers
	   Phase-specific attribute handlers
	   Attributes as "tie" interfaces
       EXAMPLES
       DIAGNOSTICS
	   "Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s)", "Attribute handler %s doesn't han-
	   dle %s attributes", "Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may
	   clash with future reserved word", "Can't have two ATTR specifiers
	   on one subroutine", "Can't autotie a %s", "Internal error: %s sym-
	   bol went missing", "Won't be able to apply END handler"

       AUTHOR
       BUGS
       COPYRIGHT

       AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Subroutine Stubs
	   Using AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
	   Overriding AutoLoader's AUTOLOAD Subroutine
	   Package Lexicals
	   Not Using AutoLoader
	   AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO

       AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   $keep, $check, $modtime

	   Multiple packages
       DIAGNOSTICS

       B - The Perl Compiler


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OVERVIEW
       Utility Functions
	   Functions Returning "B::SV", "B::AV", "B::HV", and "B::CV" objects
	       sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, svref_2object(SVREF), amagic_genera-
	       tion, init_av, check_av, begin_av, end_av, comppadlist,
	       regex_padav, main_cv

	   Functions for Examining the Symbol Table
	       walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX)

	   Functions Returning "B::OP" objects or for walking op trees
	       main_root, main_start, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkop-
	       tree_debug(DEBUG)

	   Miscellaneous Utility Functions
	       ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR),
	       perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names

       OVERVIEW OF CLASSES
	   SV-RELATED CLASSES
	   B::SV Methods
	       REFCNT, FLAGS, object_2svref

	   B::IV Methods
	       IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv

	   B::NV Methods
	       NV, NVX

	   B::RV Methods
	       RV

	   B::PV Methods
	       PV, RV, PVX

	   B::PVMG Methods
	       MAGIC, SvSTASH

	   B::MAGIC Methods
	       MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX

	   B::PVLV Methods
	       TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG

	   B::BM Methods
	       USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE

	   B::GV Methods
	       is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV,
	       CVGEN, LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS

	   B::IO Methods
	       LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME,
	       FMT_GV, BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS,
	       IsSTD

	   B::AV Methods
	       FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, ARRAYelt, AvFLAGS

	   B::CV Methods
	       STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, OUT-
	       SIDE_SEQ, XSUB, XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv

	   B::HV Methods
	       FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY

	   OP-RELATED CLASSES
	   B::OP Methods
	       next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, opt, static,
	       flags, private, spare

	   B::UNOP METHOD
	       first

	   B::BINOP METHOD
	       last

	   B::LOGOP METHOD
	       other

	   B::LISTOP METHOD
	       children

	   B::PMOP Methods
	       pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags,
	       pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffset

	   B::SVOP METHOD
	       sv, gv

	   B::PADOP METHOD
	       padix

	   B::PVOP METHOD
	       pv

	   B::LOOP Methods
	       redoop, nextop, lastop

	   B::COP Methods
	       label, stash, stashpv, file, cop_seq, arybase, line, warnings,
	       io

       AUTHOR

       B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate byte-
       code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   %insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name

       AUTHOR

       B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHORS

       B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Functions
	       find_leaders

       AUTHOR

       B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE
       OPTIONS
	   -b, -H, -k, -ooutfile, -s

       KNOWN BUGS
       NOTICE
       AUTHORS

       B::C - Perl compiler's C backend


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   -ofilename, -v, --, -uPackname, -D, -Do, -Dc, -DA, -DC, -DM, -f,
	   -fcog, -fsave-data, -fppaddr, -fwarn-sv, -fuse-script-name,
	   -fsave-sig-hash, -On, -O0, -O1, -O2, -llimit

       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   -ofilename, -v, --, -uPackname, -mModulename, -D, -Dr, -DO, -Ds,
	   -Dp, -Dq, -Dl, -Dt, -f, -ffreetmps-each-bblock,
	   -ffreetmps-each-loop, -fomit-taint, -On

       EXAMPLES
       BUGS
       DIFFERENCES
	   Loops
	   Context of ".."
	   Arithmetic
	   Deprecated features
       AUTHOR

       B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE
       OPTIONS
	   Options for Opcode Ordering
	       -basic, -exec, -tree

	   Options for Line-Style
	       -concise, -terse, -linenoise, -debug, -env

	   Options for tree-specific formatting
	       -compact, -loose, -vt, -ascii

	   Options controlling sequence numbering
	       -basen, -bigendian, -littleendian

	   Other options
	       -main, -nomain, -nobanner, -banner, -banneris => subref

	   Option Stickiness
       ABBREVIATIONS
	   OP class abbreviations
	   OP flags abbreviations
       FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
	   Special Patterns
	       (x(exec_text;basic_text)x), (*(text)*), (*(text1;text2)*),
	       (?(text1#varText2)?), ~

	   # Variables
	       #var, #varN, #Var, #addr, #arg, #class, #classsym, #coplabel,
	       #exname, #extarg, #firstaddr, #flags, #flagval, #hyphseq,
	       #label, #lastaddr, #name, #NAME, #next, #nextaddr, #noise,
	       #private, #privval, #seq, #seqnum, #opt, #static, #sibaddr,
	       #svaddr, #svclass, #svval, #targ, #targarg, #targarglife,
	       #typenum

       Using B::Concise outside of the O framework
	   Example: Altering Concise Renderings
	   set_style()
	   set_style_standard($name)
	   add_style()
	   add_callback()
	   Running B::Concise::compile()
	   B::Concise::reset_sequence()
	   Errors
       AUTHOR

       B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   -d, -fFILE, -l, -p, -P, -q, -sLETTERS, C, iNUMBER, T, vSTRING.,
	   -xLEVEL

       USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE
	   Synopsis
	   Description
	   new
	   ambient_pragmas
	       strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits,
	       warning_bits

	   coderef2text
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Lint - Perl lint


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS
	   context, implicit-read and implicit-write, bare-subs, dollar-under-
	   score, private-names, undefined-subs, regexp-variables, all, none

       NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS
	   -u Package

       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       CONVENTIONS
       IMPLEMENTATION
       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLES
	   OPTIONS
       SEE ALSO
       TODO
       AUTHOR

       B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded


       B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR

       B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       OPTIONS
	   "-oFILENAME", "-r", "-d", "-D[tO]"

       BUGS
       AUTHOR

       Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Functions
	       find_leaders

       AUTHOR

       Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code

       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
	   Methods
	       new, debug, iters

	   Standard Exports
	       timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE
	       ]] ), timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff (
	       T1, T2 ), timestr ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )

	   Optional Exports
	       clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUNT,
	       CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ]
	       ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ),
	       timesum ( T1, T2 )

	   :hireswallclock
       NOTES
       EXAMPLES
       INHERITANCE
       CAVEATS
       SEE ALSO
       AUTHORS
       MODIFICATION HISTORY

       ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       AUTHOR
       SEE ALSO

       Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend


       SYNOPSIS
       DESCRIPTION
       EXAMPLE
       OPTIONS
	   -b, -H, -k, -ooutfile, -s

       KNOWN BUGS
       NOTICE
       AUTHORS

       CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class


       SYNOPSIS
       ABSTRACT
       DESCRIPTION
	   PROGRAMMING STYLE
	   CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES
	   CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):
	   CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE
	   FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:
	   FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:
	   FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:
	   SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:
	   APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:
	   IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:
	   DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:
	   DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:
	   HANDLING NON-URLENCODED ARGUMENTS
	   DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:
	   FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:
	   SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:
	   RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS
	   USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE
	       :cgi, :form, :html2, :html3, :html4, :netscape, :html, :stan-
	       dard, :all

	   PRAGMAS
	       -any, -compile, -nosticky, -tabindex, -no_undef_params,
	       -no_xhtml, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload,
	       -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles

	   SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS
	       1. start_table() (generates a  tag), 2. end_table()
	       (generates a 
tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a
    tag), 4. end_ul() (generates a
tag) GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER: GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER Parameters:, 4, 5, 6.. ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT: CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION: OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL -absolute, -relative, -full, -path (-path_info), -query (-query_string), -base, -rewrite MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS: PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS AUTOESCAPING HTML $escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]); PRETTY-PRINTING HTML CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS: CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG STARTING AND ENDING A FORM application/x-www-form-urlencoded, multipart/form-data FORM ELEMENTS -name, -value, -values, -tabindex, -id, -override, -onChange, -onFocus, -onBlur, -onMouseOver, -onMouseOut, -onSelect CREATING A TEXT FIELD Parameters CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD Parameters CREATING A POPUP MENU CREATING AN OPTION GROUP CREATING A SCROLLING LIST Parameters: CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES Parameters: CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX Parameters: CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP Parameters: CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON Parameters: CREATING A RESET BUTTON CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD Parameters: CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON Parameters:, 3. The third option (-align, optional) is an alignment type, and may be TOP, BOTTOM or MIDDLE CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON HTTP COOKIES 1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -name, -value, -path, -domain, -expires, -secure WORKING WITH FRAMES 1. Create a document, 2. Specify the destination for the document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in the
tag SUPPORT FOR JAVASCRIPT onLoad, onUnload, onSubmit, onClick, onChange, onFocus, onBlur, onSelect, onMouseOver, onMouseOut LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS DEBUGGING DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES AAcccceepptt(()), rraaww__ccooookkiiee(()), uusseerr__aaggeenntt(()), ppaatthh__iinnffoo(()), ppaatthh__ttrraannss-- llaatteedd(()), rreemmoottee__hhoosstt(()), ssccrriipptt__nnaammee(()) Return the script name as a partial URL, for self-refering scripts, rreeffeerreerr(()), auth_type (), server_name (), virtual_host (), server_port (), virtual_port (), server_software (), remote_user (), user_name (), rreeqquueesstt__mmeetthhoodd(()), ccoonntteenntt__ttyyppee(()), hhttttpp(()), hhttttppss(()) USING NPH SCRIPTS In the use statement, By calling the nnpphh(()) method:, By using -nph parameters Server Push multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multi- part_final() Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks $CGI::POST_MAX, $CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS, 1. On a script-by-script basis, 2. Globally for all scripts COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL AUTHOR INFORMATION CREDITS Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.css.beckman.com), James Taylor (james.taylor@srs.gov), Scott Anguish , Mike Jewell (mlj3u@virginia.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg (jh@axis.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.com), Richard Resnick (applepi1@aol.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis (tc@vcpc.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk), Tom Christiansen (tchrist@convex.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@ful- crum.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks (kbhend@dogwood.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.net), Ed Jordan (ed@fidalgo.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.com), Doug MacEachern (dougm@open- group.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.org), ...and many many more.. A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT BUGS SEE ALSO CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION AUTHOR INFORMATION BUGS SEE ALSO CGI::Carp, CGI::Carp - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other) error log SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW Changing the default message MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS OVERRIDING THE NAME OF THE PROGRAM AUTHORS SEE ALSO CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION USING CGI::Cookie 1. expiration date, 2. domain, 3. path, 4. secure flag Creating New Cookies Sending the Cookie to the Browser Recovering Previous Cookies Manipulating Cookies nnaammee(()), vvaalluuee(()), ddoommaaiinn(()), ppaatthh(()), eexxppiirreess(()) AUTHOR INFORMATION BUGS SEE ALSO CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE CAVEATS AUTHOR INFORMATION BUGS SEE ALSO CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Tags that won't be formatted Customizing the Indenting BUGS AUTHOR SEE ALSO CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION USING CGI::Push -next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph Heterogeneous Pages Changing the Page Delay on the Fly INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS AUTHOR INFORMATION BUGS SEE ALSO CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION AUTHOR INFORMATION BUGS SEE ALSO CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION AUTHOR INFORMATION SEE ALSO CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites SYNOPSIS STATUS DESCRIPTION Interactive Mode Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, perldoc, look module or distribution, ls author, ls globbing_expresion, Signals CPAN::Shell autobundle recompile The four "CPAN::*" Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution Programmer's interface expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples Methods in the other Classes CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bun- dle::as_string(), CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::con- tains(), CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bun- dle::get(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_ver- sion(), CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bun- dle::test(), CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribu- tion::as_string(), CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribu- tion::containsmods(), CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), CPAN::Distribu- tion::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), CPAN::Distribution::perldoc(), CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Mod- ule::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Mod- ule::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Mod- ule::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Mod- ule::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Mod- ule::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Mod- ule::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), CPAN::Module::manpage_head- line(), CPAN::Module::readme(), CPAN::Module::perldoc(), CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Mod- ule::userid() Cache Manager Bundles Prerequisites Finding packages and VERSION Debugging Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode CONFIGURATION "o conf ", "o conf ", "o conf ", "o conf [shift|pop]", "o conf [unshift|push|splice] " Note on urllist parameter's format urllist parameter has CD-ROM support SECURITY Cryptographically signed modules EXPORT POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS Three basic types of firewalls http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Mas- querade Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall FAQ 1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10), 11) BUGS AUTHOR TRANSLATIONS SEE ALSO CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CPAN::Version - utility functions to compare CPAN versions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Forcing a Stack Trace GLOBAL VARIABLES $Carp::CarpLevel $Carp::MaxEvalLen $Carp::MaxArgLen $Carp::MaxArgNums $Carp::Verbose BUGS Carp::Heavy - heavy machinery, no user serviceable parts inside Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS) CAUTIONARY NOTES COPYRIGHT AUTHOR Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION The "struct()" function Class Creation at Compile Time Element Types and Accessor Methods Scalar ('$' or '*$'), Array ('@' or '*@'), Hash ('%' or '*%'), Class ('Class_Name' or '*Class_Name') Initializing with "new" EXAMPLES Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 Author and Modification History Config - access Perl configuration information SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION myconfig(), config_sh(), config_re($regex), config_vars(@names) EXAMPLE WARNING GLOSSARY _ "_a", "_exe", "_o" a "afs", "afsroot", "alignbytes", "ansi2knr", "aphostname", "api_revision", "api_subversion", "api_version", "api_version- string", "ar", "archlib", "archlibexp", "archname64", "arch- name", "archobjs", "asctime_r_proto", "awk" b "baserev", "bash", "bin", "binexp", "bison", "byacc", "byte- order" c "c", "castflags", "cat", "cc", "cccdlflags", "ccdlflags", "ccflags", "ccflags_uselargefiles", "ccname", "ccsymbols", "ccversion", "cf_by", "cf_email", "cf_time", "charsize", "chgrp", "chmod", "chown", "clocktype", "comm", "compress", "contains", "cp", "cpio", "cpp", "cpp_stuff", "cppccsymbols", "cppflags", "cpplast", "cppminus", "cpprun", "cppstdin", "cpp- symbols", "crypt_r_proto", "cryptlib", "csh", "cter- mid_r_proto", "ctime_r_proto" d "d__fwalk", "d_access", "d_accessx", "d_aintl", "d_alarm", "d_archlib", "d_asctime_r", "d_atolf", "d_atoll", "d_attribute_format", "d_attribute_malloc", "d_attribute_non- null", "d_attribute_noreturn", "d_attribute_pure", "d_attribute_unused", "d_attribute_warn_unused_result", "d_bcmp", "d_bcopy", "d_bsd", "d_bsdgetpgrp", "d_bsdsetpgrp", "d_bzero", "d_casti32", "d_castneg", "d_charvspr", "d_chown", "d_chroot", "d_chsize", "d_class", "d_clearenv", "d_closedir", "d_cmsghdr_s", "d_const", "d_copysignl", "d_crypt", "d_crypt_r", "d_csh", "d_ctermid_r", "d_ctime_r", "d_cuserid", "d_dbl_dig", "d_dbminitproto", "d_difftime", "d_dirfd", "d_dirnamlen", "d_dlerror", "d_dlopen", "d_dlsymun", "d_dosuid", "d_drand48_r", "d_drand48proto", "d_dup2", "d_eac- cess", "d_endgrent", "d_endgrent_r", "d_endhent", "d_endhos- tent_r", "d_endnent", "d_endnetent_r", "d_endpent", "d_endpro- toent_r", "d_endpwent", "d_endpwent_r", "d_endsent", "d_endser- vent_r", "d_eofnblk", "d_eunice", "d_faststdio", "d_fchdir", "d_fchmod", "d_fchown", "d_fcntl", "d_fcntl_can_lock", "d_fd_macros", "d_fd_set", "d_fds_bits", "d_fgetpos", "d_finite", "d_finitel", "d_flexfnam", "d_flock", "d_flock- proto", "d_fork", "d_fp_class", "d_fpathconf", "d_fpclass", "d_fpclassify", "d_fpclassl", "d_fpos64_t", "d_frexpl", "d_fs_data_s", "d_fseeko", "d_fsetpos", "d_fstatfs", "d_fstatvfs", "d_fsync", "d_ftello", "d_ftime", "d_futimes", "d_Gconvert", "d_getcwd", "d_getespwnam", "d_getfsstat", "d_getgrent", "d_getgrent_r", "d_getgrgid_r", "d_getgrnam_r", "d_getgrps", "d_gethbyaddr", "d_gethbyname", "d_gethent", "d_gethname", "d_gethostbyaddr_r", "d_gethostbyname_r", "d_gethostent_r", "d_gethostprotos", "d_getitimer", "d_getlo- gin", "d_getlogin_r", "d_getmnt", "d_getmntent", "d_getnbyaddr", "d_getnbyname", "d_getnent", "d_getnet- byaddr_r", "d_getnetbyname_r", "d_getnetent_r", "d_getnetpro- tos", "d_getpagsz", "d_getpbyname", "d_getpbynumber", "d_get- pent", "d_getpgid", "d_getpgrp2", "d_getpgrp", "d_getppid", "d_getprior", "d_getprotobyname_r", "d_getprotobynumber_r", "d_getprotoent_r", "d_getprotoprotos", "d_getprpwnam", "d_getp- went", "d_getpwent_r", "d_getpwnam_r", "d_getpwuid_r", "d_gets- byname", "d_getsbyport", "d_getsent", "d_getservbyname_r", "d_getservbyport_r", "d_getservent_r", "d_getservprotos", "d_getspnam", "d_getspnam_r", "d_gettimeod", "d_gmtime_r", "d_gnulibc", "d_grpasswd", "d_hasmntopt", "d_htonl", "d_ilogbl", "d_index", "d_inetaton", "d_int64_t", "d_isascii", "d_isfinite", "d_isinf", "d_isnan", "d_isnanl", "d_killpg", "d_lchown", "d_ldbl_dig", "d_link", "d_localtime_r", "d_loc- conv", "d_lockf", "d_longdbl", "d_longlong", "d_lseekproto", "d_lstat", "d_madvise", "d_malloc_size", "d_malloc_good_size", "d_mblen", "d_mbstowcs", "d_mbtowc", "d_memchr", "d_memcmp", "d_memcpy", "d_memmove", "d_memset", "d_mkdir", "d_mkdtemp", "d_mkfifo", "d_mkstemp", "d_mkstemps", "d_mktime", "d_mmap", "d_modfl", "d_modfl_pow32_bug", "d_modflproto", "d_mprotect", "d_msg", "d_msg_ctrunc", "d_msg_dontroute", "d_msg_oob", "d_msg_peek", "d_msg_proxy", "d_msgctl", "d_msgget", "d_msghdr_s", "d_msgrcv", "d_msgsnd", "d_msync", "d_munmap", "d_mymalloc", "d_nanosleep", "d_nice", "d_nl_langinfo", "d_nv_preserves_uv", "d_nv_zero_is_allbits_zero", "d_off64_t", "d_old_pthread_create_joinable", "d_oldpthreads", "d_oldsock", "d_open3", "d_pathconf", "d_pause", "d_perl_otherlibdirs", "d_phostname", "d_pipe", "d_poll", "d_portable", "d_PRId64", "d_PRIeldbl", "d_PRIEUldbl", "d_PRIfldbl", "d_PRIFUldbl", "d_PRIgldbl", "d_PRIGUldbl", "d_PRIi64", "d_PRIo64", "d_PRIu64", "d_PRIx64", "d_PRIXU64", "d_procselfexe", "d_pthread_atfork", "d_pthread_attr_setscope", "d_pthread_yield", "d_pwage", "d_pwchange", "d_pwclass", "d_pwcomment", "d_pwexpire", "d_pwgecos", "d_pwpasswd", "d_pwquota", "d_qgcvt", "d_quad", "d_random_r", "d_read- dir64_r", "d_readdir", "d_readdir_r", "d_readlink", "d_readv", "d_recvmsg", "d_rename", "d_rewinddir", "d_rmdir", "d_safebcpy", "d_safemcpy", "d_sanemcmp", "d_sbrkproto", "d_scalbnl", "d_sched_yield", "d_scm_rights", "d_SCNfldbl", "d_seekdir", "d_select", "d_sem", "d_semctl", "d_sem- ctl_semid_ds", "d_semctl_semun", "d_semget", "d_semop", "d_sendmsg", "d_setegid", "d_seteuid", "d_setgrent", "d_set- grent_r", "d_setgrps", "d_sethent", "d_sethostent_r", "d_setitimer", "d_setlinebuf", "d_setlocale", "d_setlocale_r", "d_setnent", "d_setnetent_r", "d_setpent", "d_setpgid", "d_setpgrp2", "d_setpgrp", "d_setprior", "d_setproctitle", "d_setprotoent_r", "d_setpwent", "d_setpwent_r", "d_setregid", "d_setresgid", "d_setresuid", "d_setreuid", "d_setrgid", "d_setruid", "d_setsent", "d_setservent_r", "d_setsid", "d_setvbuf", "d_sfio", "d_shm", "d_shmat", "d_shmatprototype", "d_shmctl", "d_shmdt", "d_shmget", "d_sigaction", "d_sigproc- mask", "d_sigsetjmp", "d_sockatmark", "d_sockatmarkproto", "d_socket", "d_socklen_t", "d_sockpair", "d_socks5_init", "d_sprintf_returns_strlen", "d_sqrtl", "d_srand48_r", "d_sran- dom_r", "d_sresgproto", "d_sresuproto", "d_statblks", "d_statfs_f_flags", "d_statfs_s", "d_statvfs", "d_stdio_cnt_lval", "d_stdio_ptr_lval", "d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt", "d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt", "d_stdio_stream_array", "d_stdiobase", "d_stdstdio", "d_strchr", "d_strcoll", "d_strctcpy", "d_strerrm", "d_str- error", "d_strerror_r", "d_strftime", "d_strlcat", "d_strlcpy", "d_strtod", "d_strtol", "d_strtold", "d_strtoll", "d_strtoq", "d_strtoul", "d_strtoull", "d_strtouq", "d_strxfrm", "d_suid- safe", "d_symlink", "d_syscall", "d_syscallproto", "d_sysconf", "d_sysernlst", "d_syserrlst", "d_system", "d_tcgetpgrp", "d_tcsetpgrp", "d_telldir", "d_telldirproto", "d_time", "d_times", "d_tm_tm_gmtoff", "d_tm_tm_zone", "d_tmpnam_r", "d_truncate", "d_ttyname_r", "d_tzname", "d_u32align", "d_ualarm", "d_umask", "d_uname", "d_union_semun", "d_unordered", "d_unsetenv", "d_usleep", "d_usleepproto", "d_ustat", "d_vendorarch", "d_vendorbin", "d_vendorlib", "d_vendorscript", "d_vfork", "d_void_closedir", "d_voidsig", "d_voidtty", "d_volatile", "d_vprintf", "d_wait4", "d_waitpid", "d_wcstombs", "d_wctomb", "d_writev", "d_xenix", "date", "db_hashtype", "db_prefixtype", "db_version_major", "db_ver- sion_minor", "db_version_patch", "defvoidused", "direntrytype", "dlext", "dlsrc", "doublesize", "drand01", "drand48_r_proto", "dynamic_ext" e "eagain", "ebcdic", "echo", "egrep", "emacs", "end- grent_r_proto", "endhostent_r_proto", "endnetent_r_proto", "endprotoent_r_proto", "endpwent_r_proto", "endser- vent_r_proto", "eunicefix", "exe_ext", "expr", "extensions", "extras" f "fflushall", "fflushNULL", "find", "firstmakefile", "flex", "fpossize", "fpostype", "freetype", "from", "full_ar", "full_csh", "full_sed" g "gccansipedantic", "gccosandvers", "gccversion", "get- grent_r_proto", "getgrgid_r_proto", "getgrnam_r_proto", "geth- ostbyaddr_r_proto", "gethostbyname_r_proto", "gethos- tent_r_proto", "getlogin_r_proto", "getnetbyaddr_r_proto", "getnetbyname_r_proto", "getnetent_r_proto", "getprotoby- name_r_proto", "getprotobynumber_r_proto", "getpro- toent_r_proto", "getpwent_r_proto", "getpwnam_r_proto", "getp- wuid_r_proto", "getservbyname_r_proto", "getservby- port_r_proto", "getservent_r_proto", "getspnam_r_proto", "gid- format", "gidsign", "gidsize", "gidtype", "glibpth", "gmake", "gmtime_r_proto", "gnulibc_version", "grep", "groupcat", "groupstype", "gzip" h "h_fcntl", "h_sysfile", "hint", "hostcat", "html1dir", "html1direxp", "html3dir", "html3direxp" i "i16size", "i16type", "i32size", "i32type", "i64size", "i64type", "i8size", "i8type", "i_arpainet", "i_bsdioctl", "i_crypt", "i_db", "i_dbm", "i_dirent", "i_dld", "i_dlfcn", "i_fcntl", "i_float", "i_fp", "i_fp_class", "i_gdbm", "i_grp", "i_ieeefp", "i_inttypes", "i_langinfo", "i_libutil", "i_lim- its", "i_locale", "i_machcthr", "i_malloc", "i_math", "i_mem- ory", "i_mntent", "i_ndbm", "i_netdb", "i_neterrno", "i_netinettcp", "i_niin", "i_poll", "i_prot", "i_pthread", "i_pwd", "i_rpcsvcdbm", "i_sfio", "i_sgtty", "i_shadow", "i_socks", "i_stdarg", "i_stddef", "i_stdlib", "i_string", "i_sunmath", "i_sysaccess", "i_sysdir", "i_sysfile", "i_sys- filio", "i_sysin", "i_sysioctl", "i_syslog", "i_sysmman", "i_sysmode", "i_sysmount", "i_sysndir", "i_sysparam", "i_sys- resrc", "i_syssecrt", "i_sysselct", "i_syssockio", "i_sysstat", "i_sysstatfs", "i_sysstatvfs", "i_systime", "i_systimek", "i_systimes", "i_systypes", "i_sysuio", "i_sysun", "i_sysut- sname", "i_sysvfs", "i_syswait", "i_termio", "i_termios", "i_time", "i_unistd", "i_ustat", "i_utime", "i_values", "i_varargs", "i_varhdr", "i_vfork", "ignore_versioned_solibs", "inc_version_list", "inc_version_list_init", "incpath", "inews", "installarchlib", "installbin", "installhtml1dir", "installhtml3dir", "installman1dir", "installman3dir", "installprefix", "installprefixexp", "installprivlib", "installscript", "installsitearch", "installsitebin", "install- sitehtml1dir", "installsitehtml3dir", "installsitelib", "installsiteman1dir", "installsiteman3dir", "installsite- script", "installstyle", "installusrbinperl", "installvendo- rarch", "installvendorbin", "installvendorhtml1dir", "install- vendorhtml3dir", "installvendorlib", "installvendorman1dir", "installvendorman3dir", "installvendorscript", "intsize", "issymlink", "ivdformat", "ivsize", "ivtype" k "known_extensions", "ksh" l "ld", "lddlflags", "ldflags", "ldflags_uselargefiles", "ldlibpthname", "less", "lib_ext", "libc", "libperl", "libpth", "libs", "libsdirs", "libsfiles", "libsfound", "libspath", "lib- swanted", "libswanted_uselargefiles", "line", "lint", "lkflags", "ln", "lns", "localtime_r_proto", "locincpth", "loclibpth", "longdblsize", "longlongsize", "longsize", "lp", "lpr", "ls", "lseeksize", "lseektype" m "mail", "mailx", "make", "make_set_make", "mallocobj", "malloc- src", "malloctype", "man1dir", "man1direxp", "man1ext", "man3dir", "man3direxp", "man3ext" M "Mcc", "mips_type", "mistrustnm", "mkdir", "mmaptype", "mode- type", "more", "multiarch", "mv", "myarchname", "mydomain", "myhostname", "myuname" n "n", "need_va_copy", "netdb_hlen_type", "netdb_host_type", "netdb_name_type", "netdb_net_type", "nm", "nm_opt", "nm_so_opt", "nonxs_ext", "nroff", "nv_preserves_uv_bits", "nveformat", "nvEUformat", "nvfformat", "nvFUformat", "nvgfor- mat", "nvGUformat", "nvsize", "nvtype" o "o_nonblock", "obj_ext", "old_pthread_create_joinable", "opti- mize", "orderlib", "osname", "osvers", "otherlibdirs" p "package", "pager", "passcat", "patchlevel", "path_sep", "perl5", "perl", "perl_patchlevel" P "PERL_REVISION", "PERL_SUBVERSION", "PERL_VERSION", "perlad- min", "perllibs", "perlpath", "pg", "phostname", "pidtype", "plibpth", "pmake", "pr", "prefix", "prefixexp", "privlib", "privlibexp", "procselfexe", "prototype", "ptrsize" q "quadkind", "quadtype" r "randbits", "randfunc", "random_r_proto", "randseedtype", "ran- lib", "rd_nodata", "readdir64_r_proto", "readdir_r_proto", "revision", "rm", "rmail", "run", "runnm" s "sched_yield", "scriptdir", "scriptdirexp", "sed", "seedfunc", "selectminbits", "selecttype", "sendmail", "setgrent_r_proto", "sethostent_r_proto", "setlocale_r_proto", "setnetent_r_proto", "setprotoent_r_proto", "setpwent_r_proto", "setser- vent_r_proto", "sh", "shar", "sharpbang", "shmattype", "short- size", "shrpenv", "shsharp", "sig_count", "sig_name", "sig_name_init", "sig_num", "sig_num_init", "sig_size", "sig- nal_t", "sitearch", "sitearchexp", "sitebin", "sitebinexp", "sitehtml1dir", "sitehtml1direxp", "sitehtml3dir", "site- html3direxp", "sitelib", "sitelib_stem", "sitelibexp", "site- man1dir", "siteman1direxp", "siteman3dir", "siteman3direxp", "siteprefix", "siteprefixexp", "sitescript", "sitescriptexp", "sizesize", "sizetype", "sleep", "smail", "so", "sockethdr", "socketlib", "socksizetype", "sort", "spackage", "spitshell", "sPRId64", "sPRIeldbl", "sPRIEUldbl", "sPRIfldbl", "sPRI- FUldbl", "sPRIgldbl", "sPRIGUldbl", "sPRIi64", "sPRIo64", "sPRIu64", "sPRIx64", "sPRIXU64", "srand48_r_proto", "sran- dom_r_proto", "src", "sSCNfldbl", "ssizetype", "startperl", "startsh", "static_ext", "stdchar", "stdio_base", "stdio_buf- siz", "stdio_cnt", "stdio_filbuf", "stdio_ptr", "stdio_stream_array", "strerror_r_proto", "strings", "submit", "subversion", "sysman" t "tail", "tar", "targetarch", "tbl", "tee", "test", "timeincl", "timetype", "tmpnam_r_proto", "to", "touch", "tr", "trnl", "troff", "ttyname_r_proto" u "u16size", "u16type", "u32size", "u32type", "u64size", "u64type", "u8size", "u8type", "uidformat", "uidsign", "uid- size", "uidtype", "uname", "uniq", "uquadtype", "use5005threads", "use64bitall", "use64bitint", "usecrosscom- pile", "usedl", "usefaststdio", "useithreads", "uselargefiles", "uselongdouble", "usemallocwrap", "usemorebits", "usemultiplic- ity", "usemymalloc", "usenm", "useopcode", "useperlio", "use- posix", "usereentrant", "usesfio", "useshrplib", "usesocks", "usethreads", "usevendorprefix", "usevfork", "usrinc", "uuname", "uvoformat", "uvsize", "uvtype", "uvuformat", "uvx- format", "uvXUformat" v "vendorarch", "vendorarchexp", "vendorbin", "vendorbinexp", "vendorhtml1dir", "vendorhtml1direxp", "vendorhtml3dir", "ven- dorhtml3direxp", "vendorlib", "vendorlib_stem", "vendorlibexp", "vendorman1dir", "vendorman1direxp", "vendorman3dir", "vendor- man3direxp", "vendorprefix", "vendorprefixexp", "vendorscript", "vendorscriptexp", "version", "version_patchlevel_string", "versiononly", "vi", "voidflags" x "xlibpth" y "yacc", "yaccflags" z "zcat", "zip" NOTE Cwd - get pathname of current working directory SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION getcwd and friends getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd, getdcwd abs_path and friends abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path $ENV{PWD} NOTES AUTHOR COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, subject to change) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Global Variables $DB::sub, %DB::sub, $DB::single, $DB::signal, $DB::trace, @DB::args, @DB::dbline, %DB::dbline, $DB::package, $DB::filename, $DB::subname, $DB::lineno API Methods CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done() Client Callback Methods CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->eval- code(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), CLIENT->output(LIST) BUGS AUTHOR DBM_Filter -- Filter DBM keys/values SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION What is a DBM Filter? So what's new? METHODS $db->Filter_Push() $db->Filter_Key_Push() $db->Filter_Value_Push() Filter_Push, Filter_Key_Push, Filter_Value_Push $db->Filter_Pop() $db->Filtered() Writing a Filter Immediate Filters Canned Filters "name", params Filters Included utf8, encode, compress, int32, null NOTES Maintain Round Trip Integrity Don't mix filtered & non-filtered data in the same database file. EXAMPLE SEE ALSO AUTHOR DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION DB_HASH, DB_BTREE, DB_RECNO Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater Interface to Berkeley DB Opening a Berkeley DB Database File Default Parameters In Memory Databases DB_HASH A Simple Example DB_BTREE Changing the BTREE sort order Handling Duplicate Keys The get_dup() Method The find_dup() Method The del_dup() Method Matching Partial Keys DB_RECNO The 'bval' Option A Simple Example Extra RECNO Methods $X->push(list) ;, $value = $X->pop ;, $X->shift, $X->unshift(list) ;, $X->length, $X->splice(offset, length, elements); Another Example THE API INTERFACE $status = $X->get($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->put($key, $value [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->del($key [, $flags]) ;, $status = $X->fd ;, $status = $X->seq($key, $value, $flags) ;, $status = $X->sync([$flags]) ; DBM FILTERS filter_store_key, filter_store_value, filter_fetch_key, fil- ter_fetch_value The Filter An Example -- the NULL termination problem. Another Example -- Key is a C int. HINTS AND TIPS Locking: The Trouble with fd Safe ways to lock a database Tie::DB_Lock, Tie::DB_LockFile, DB_File::Lock Sharing Databases With C Applications The untie() Gotcha COMMON QUESTIONS Why is there Perl source in my database? How do I store complex data structures with DB_File? What does "Invalid Argument" mean? What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean? REFERENCES HISTORY BUGS AVAILABILITY COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO AUTHOR Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and "eval" SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Methods PACKAGE->new(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Dump or PACK- AGE->Dump(ARRAYREF [, ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Seen([HASHREF]), $OBJ->Values([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Names([ARRAYREF]), $OBJ->Reset Functions Dumper(LIST) Configuration Variables or Methods Exports Dumper EXAMPLES BUGS NOTE AUTHOR VERSION SEE ALSO Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION PROFILE FORMAT AUTOLOAD ENVIRONMENT BUGS SEE ALSO Devel::PPPort - Perl/Pollution/Portability SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Why use ppport.h? You should use ppport.h in modern code so that your code will work with the widest range of Perl interpreters possible, with- out significant additional work. How to use ppport.h Running ppport.h FUNCTIONS WriteFile COMPATIBILITY Provided Perl compatibility API Perl API not supported by ppport.h perl 5.9.2, perl 5.9.1, perl 5.9.0, perl 5.8.3, perl 5.8.1, perl 5.8.0, perl 5.7.3, perl 5.7.2, perl 5.7.1, perl 5.6.1, perl 5.6.0, perl 5.005_03, perl 5.005, perl 5.004_05, perl 5.004_04, perl 5.004 BUGS AUTHORS COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Runtime debugging Memory footprint debugging EXAMPLES A simple scalar string A simple scalar number A simple scalar with an extra reference A reference to a simple scalar A reference to an array A reference to a hash Dumping a large array or hash A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer A reference to a subroutine EXPORTS BUGS AUTHOR SEE ALSO Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Devel::Size - Perl extension for finding the memory usage of Perl vari- ables SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS size($ref) total_size($ref) EXPORT UNDERSTANDING MEMORY ALLOCATION The C library Perl DANGERS Messages: texts originating from this module. Errors warnings BUGS AUTHOR COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO Digest - Modules that calculate message digests SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION binary, hex, base64 OO INTERFACE $ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $other_ctx = $ctx->clone, $ctx->reset, $ctx->add( $data, ... ), $ctx->addfile( $io_handle ), $ctx->add_bits( $data, $nbits ), $ctx->add_bits( $bitstring ), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest Digest speed SEE ALSO AUTHOR Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...) METHODS $md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->clone, $md5->add($data,...), $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits), $md5->add_bits($bitstring), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest EXAMPLES SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AUTHORS Digest::base - Digest base class SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO Digest::file - Calculate digests of files SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION digest_file( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_hex( $file, $algorithm, [$arg,...] ), digest_file_base64( $file, $algo- rithm, [$arg,...] ) SEE ALSO DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTES Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data. SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Creation "arrayDepth", "hashDepth", "compactDump", "veryCompact", "globPrint", "dumpDBFiles", "dumpPackages", "dumpReused", "tick", "quoteHighBit", "printUndef", "usageOnly", unctrl, sub- dump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, stopDbSignal Methods dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unc- trl, compactDump, veryCompact, set, get DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION @dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, @dl_modules, @dl_shared_objects, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_load_flags(), dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_sym- bol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap() AUTHOR DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code VERSION SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Migration from "DynaLoader" Backward compatible boilerplate Order of initialization: early load() The most hairy case DIAGNOSTICS Can't find '%s' symbol in %s, Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s, Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s, XSLoader::load('Your::Module', $Your::Module::VERSION) LIMITATIONS BUGS SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT Encode - character encodings SYNOPSIS Table of Contents DESCRIPTION TERMINOLOGY PERL ENCODING API $octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING, $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, CHECK]); Listing available encodings Defining Aliases Encoding via PerlIO Handling Malformed Data NOTE: Not all encoding support this feature, CHECK = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( == 0), CHECK = Encode::FB_CROAK ( == 1), CHECK = Encode::FB_QUIET, CHECK = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_HTML- CREF), XML charref mode (CHECK = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask coderef for CHECK Defining Encodings The UTF-8 flag Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4: Messing with Perl's Internals is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING) UTF-8 vs. utf8 SEE ALSO MAINTAINER Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code reference, e.g.: Alias overloading SEE ALSO Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTES BUGS SEE ALSO Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Methods you should implement ->encode($string [,$check]), ->decode($octets [,$check]), ->cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings ->name, ->renew, ->renewed, ->perlio_ok(), ->needs_lines() Example: Encode::ROT13 Why the heck Encode API is different? Compiled Encodings SEE ALSO Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), guess_encoding($data, [, list of suspects]) CAVEATS TO DO SEE ALSO Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)? BUGS SEE ALSO Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP* Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP Encode::KR - Korean Encodings SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION BUGS SEE ALSO Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION BUGS SEE ALSO Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO Overview How does it work? Line Buffering How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? SEE ALSO Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode DESCRIPTION Encoding Names Supported Encodings Built-in Encodings Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN Miscellaneous encodings Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess Unsupported encodings ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) Microsoft-related naming mess KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS Glossary character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, UTF-16 See Also References ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq "ISO-2022"), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary Other Notable Sites czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: "Introduction to i18n" Offline sources "CJKV Information Processing" by Ken Lunde Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTES BUGS SEE ALSO Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT says:, Quick Reference Size, Endianness, and BOM by size by endianness BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order Surrogate Pairs Error Checking SEE ALSO Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT In Practice SEE ALSO Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encod- ings SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code reference, e.g.: Alias overloading SEE ALSO Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm -- Inter- nally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_* Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Methods you should implement ->encode($string [,$check]), ->decode($octets [,$check]), ->cat_decode($destination, $octets, $offset, $terminator [,$check]) Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings ->name, ->renew, ->renewed, ->perlio_ok(), ->needs_lines() Example: Encode::ROT13 Why the heck Encode API is different? Compiled Encodings SEE ALSO Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), guess_encoding($data, [, list of suspects]) CAVEATS TO DO SEE ALSO Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP* Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION BUGS SEE ALSO Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO Overview How does it work? Line Buffering How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ? SEE ALSO Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings sup- ported by Encode DESCRIPTION Encoding Names Supported Encodings Built-in Encodings Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1 CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte) Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN Miscellaneous encodings Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess Unsupported encodings ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings, Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS, Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai) Microsoft-related naming mess KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS Glossary character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, UTF-16 See Also References ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq "ISO-2022"), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary Other Notable Sites czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: "Introduction to i18n" Offline sources "CJKV Information Processing" by Ken Lunde Encode::lib::Encode::Unicode::UTF7, Encode::Unicode::UTF7 -- UTF-7 encoding SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT In Practice SEE ALSO Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT Description Predefined Methods $e = Encode::Encoder->new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), $e->data([$data]), $e->encoding([$encoding]), $e->bytes([$encoding]) Example: base64 transcoder Operator Overloading SEE ALSO Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8 SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT Literal Conversions PerlIO layers for "STD(IN|OUT)" Implicit upgrading for byte strings FEATURES THAT REQUIRE 5.8.1 "NON-EUC" doublebyte encodings, tr//, DATA pseudo-filehandle USAGE use encoding [ENCNAME] ;, use encoding ENCNAME [ STDIN => ENC- NAME_IN ...] ;, use encoding ENCNAME Filter=>1;, no encoding; The Filter Option Filter-related changes at Encode version 1.87 CAVEATS NOT SCOPED DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS tr/// with ranges Legend of characters above EXAMPLE - Greekperl KNOWN PROBLEMS literals in regex that are longer than 127 bytes, EBCDIC, format The Logic of :locale HISTORY SEE ALSO Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder SYNOPSIS ABSTRACT Description Predefined Methods $e = Encode::Encoder->new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), $e->data([$data]), $e->encoding([$encoding]), $e->bytes([$encoding]) Example: base64 transcoder Operator Overloading SEE ALSO English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation vari- ables SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION PERFORMANCE Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION LIMITATIONS AUTHOR Errno - System errno constants SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CAVEATS AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Exporter - Implements default import method for modules SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION How to Export Selecting What To Export How to Import "use ModuleName;", "use ModuleName ();", "use ModuleName qw(...);" Advanced features Specialised Import Lists Exporting without using Exporter's import method Exporting without inheriting from Exporter Module Version Checking Managing Unknown Symbols Tag Handling Utility Functions Generating combined tags "AUTOLOAD"ed Constants Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Make- files etc. SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION cat eqtime rm_rf rm_f touch mv cp chmod mkpath test_f dos2unix SEE ALSO AUTHOR ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION test_harness pod2man warn_if_old_packlist perllocal_install uninstall ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION USAGE IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF FUNCTIONS constant_types XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER WriteMakefileSnippet WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE => VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, BREAK- OUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME AUTHOR ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION USAGE header memEQ_clause args_hashref dump_names arg_hashref, ITEM.. assign arg_hashref, VALUE.. return_clause arg_hashref, ITEM switch_clause arg_hashref, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM.. params WHAT dogfood arg_hashref, ITEM.. C_constant arg_hashref, ITEM.., name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre, def_post, utf8, weight BUGS AUTHOR ExtUtils::Constant::Utils - helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION USAGE C_stringify NAME perl_stringify NAME AUTHOR ExtUtils::Constant::XS, ExtUtils::Constant::Base - base class for ExtU- tils::Constant objects SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION BUGS AUTHOR ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION @EXPORT FUNCTIONS xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules) EXAMPLES SEE ALSO AUTHOR ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Functions install install_default DISCOURAGED uninstall pm_to_blib _autosplit ENVIRONMENT PERL_INSTALL_ROOT AUTHOR LICENSE ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION USAGE FUNCTIONS new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), vali- date(), packlist(), version() EXAMPLE AUTHOR ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For dynamic extensions at load time EXTRALIBS LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH BSLOADLIBS PORTABILITY VMS implementation Win32 implementation SEE ALSO ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ExtUtils::MM_AIX - AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Overridden methods AUTHOR SEE ALSO ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform-agnostic MM methods SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS Cross-platform helper methods Targets Init methods Tools File::Spec wrappers Misc AUTHOR ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU- tils::MakeMaker SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION os_flavor init_linker ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU- tils::MakeMaker SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION os_flavor cflags replace_manpage_separator init_linker ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Overridden methods os_flavor replace_manpage_separator AUTHOR SEE ALSO ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU- tils::MakeMaker SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION os_flavor init_platform, platform_constants const_cccmd static_lib dynamic_lib ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU- tils::MakeMaker SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS init_dist init_linker os_flavor ExtUtils::MM_QNX - QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Overridden methods AUTHOR SEE ALSO ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Overridden methods os_flavor replace_manpage_separator AUTHOR SEE ALSO ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS Methods os_flavor c_o (o) cflags (o) const_cccmd (o) const_config (o) const_loadlibs (o) constants (o) depend (o) init_DEST init_dist dist (o) dist_basics (o) dist_ci (o) dist_core (o) dist_target tardist_target zipdist_target tarfile_target zipfile_target uutardist_target shdist_target dlsyms (o) dynamic_bs (o) dynamic_lib (o) exescan extliblist find_perl fixin force (o) guess_name has_link_code init_dirscan init_DIRFILESEP init_main init_others init_linker init_lib2arch init_PERL init_platform, platform_constants init_PERM init_xs install (o) installbin (o) linkext (o) lsdir macro (o) makeaperl (o) makefile (o) maybe_command needs_linking (o) nicetext parse_abstract parse_version pasthru (o) perl_script perldepend (o) perm_rw (o) perm_rwx (o) pm_to_blib post_constants (o) post_initialize (o) postamble (o) ppd prefixify processPL (o) quote_paren replace_manpage_separator cd oneliner quote_literal escape_newlines max_exec_len static (o) static_lib (o) staticmake (o) subdir_x (o) subdirs (o) test (o) test_via_harness (override) test_via_script (override) tools_other (o) tool_xsubpp (o) all_target top_targets (o) writedoc xs_c (o) xs_cpp (o) xs_o (o) SEE ALSO ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU- tils::MakeMaker SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Methods always loaded wraplist Methods guess_name (override) find_perl (override) maybe_command (override) pasthru (override) pm_to_blib (override) perl_script (override) replace_manpage_separator init_DEST init_DIRFILESEP init_main (override) init_others (override) init_platform (override) platform_constants init_VERSION (override) constants (override) special_targets cflags (override) const_cccmd (override) tools_other (override) init_dist (override) c_o (override) xs_c (override) xs_o (override) dlsyms (override) dynamic_lib (override) static_lib (override) extra_clean_files zipfile_target, tarfile_target, shdist_target install (override) perldepend (override) makeaperl (override) nicetext (override) prefixify (override) cd oneliner echo quote_literal escape_newlines max_exec_len init_linker eliminate_macros fixpath os_flavor AUTHOR ExtUtils::MM_VOS - VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Overridden methods AUTHOR SEE ALSO ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtU- tils::MakeMaker SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Overridden methods dlsyms replace_manpage_separator maybe_command init_DIRFILESEP init_others init_platform, platform_constants special_targets static_lib dynamic_lib extra_clean_files init_linker perl_script xs_o pasthru oneliner cd max_exec_len os_flavor ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Overriden methods xs_c xs_cpp xs_o max_exec_len os_flavor AUTHOR ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION How To Write A Makefile.PL Default Makefile Behaviour make test make testdb make install PREFIX and LIB attribute AFS users Static Linking of a new Perl Binary Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations Which architecture dependent directory? Using Attributes and Parameters ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DESTDIR, DIR, DISTNAME, DISTVNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITE- MAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVEN- DORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDOR- MAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LD, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE_OLD, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_META, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLPREFIX, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PRE- REQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SIGN, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VEN- DORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, VERSION_SYM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION Additional lowercase attributes clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, postamble, realclean, test, tool_autosplit Overriding MakeMaker Methods The End Of Cargo Cult Programming "MAN3PODS => ' '" Hintsfile support Distribution Support make distcheck, make skipcheck, make distclean, make manifest, make distdir, make disttest, make tardist, make dist, make uutardist, make shdist, make zipdist, make ci Module Meta-Data Disabling an extension Other Handy Functions prompt ENVIRONMENT PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT, PERL_CORE SEE ALSO AUTHORS LICENSE ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config - Wrapper around Config.pm SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions About MakeMaker DESCRIPTION Module Installation How do I keep from installing man pages?, How do I use a module without installing it? Philosophy and History Why not just use ?, What is Module::Build and how does it relate to MakeMaker?, pure perl. no make, no shell commands, easier to customize, cleaner internals, less cruft Module Writing How do I keep my $VERSION up to date without resetting it manu- ally?, What's this META.yml thing and how did it get in my MAN- IFEST?! XS How to I prevent "object version X.XX does not match bootstrap parameter Y.YY" errors?, How do I make two or more XS files coexist in the same directory? PATCHING AUTHOR SEE ALSO ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial - Writing a module with MakeMaker SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION The Mantra The Layout Makefile.PL, MANIFEST, lib/, t/, Changes, README, INSTALL, MAN- IFEST.SKIP, bin/ SEE ALSO ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes - Version-agnostic bytes.pm SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish - Platform-agnostic vmsish.pm SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Functions mkmanifest manifind manicheck filecheck fullcheck skipcheck maniread manicopy maniadd MANIFEST MANIFEST.SKIP EXPORT_OK GLOBAL VARIABLES DIAGNOSTICS "Not in MANIFEST:" file, "Skipping" file, "No such file:" file, "MANIFEST:" $!, "Added to MANIFEST:" file ENVIRONMENT PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG SEE ALSO AUTHOR ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic extension SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME AUTHOR REVISION ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION USAGE FUNCTIONS new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file() EXAMPLE AUTHOR ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION AUTHOR Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTE EXPORTED SYMBOLS File::Basename - Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix. SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION "fileparse" "basename" "dirname" "fileparse_set_fstype" SEE ALSO File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION AUTHOR HISTORY File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION RETURN AUTHOR File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Special behaviour if "syscopy" is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32) rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag]) RETURN NOTES AUTHOR File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTES EXPORTS (by request only) BUGS AUTHOR HISTORY SEE ALSO File::Find - Traverse a directory tree. SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION find, finddepth %options "wanted", "bydepth", "preprocess", "postprocess", "follow", "follow_fast", "follow_skip", "dangling_symlinks", "no_chdir", "untaint", "untaint_pattern", "untaint_skip" The wanted function $File::Find::dir is the current directory name,, $_ is the cur- rent filename within that directory, $File::Find::name is the complete pathname to the file WARNINGS CAVEAT $dont_use_nlink, symlinks NOTES BUGS AND CAVEATS HISTORY File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION META CHARACTERS POSIX FLAGS "GLOB_ERR", "GLOB_LIMIT", "GLOB_MARK", "GLOB_NOCASE", "GLOB_NOCHECK", "GLOB_NOSORT", "GLOB_BRACE", "GLOB_NOMAGIC", "GLOB_QUOTE", "GLOB_TILDE", "GLOB_CSH", "GLOB_ALPHASORT" DIAGNOSTICS "GLOB_NOSPACE", "GLOB_ABEND" NOTES SEE ALSO AUTHOR File::Path - create or remove directory trees SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION DIAGNOSTICS AUTHORS File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir, no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath, splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs() SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION canonpath file_name_is_absolute tmpdir (override) COPYRIGHT File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION canonpath() AUTHOR COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Exports COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS canonpath catdir() catfile curdir devnull rootdir tmpdir updir file_name_is_absolute path splitpath splitdir catpath abs2rel rel2abs AUTHORS COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION tmpdir, splitpath COPYRIGHT File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec mod- ules SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS canonpath() catdir() catfile curdir devnull rootdir tmpdir updir no_upwards case_tolerant file_name_is_absolute path join splitpath splitdir catpath() abs2rel rel2abs() COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION canonpath (override) catdir (override) catfile (override) curdir (override) devnull (override) rootdir (override) tmpdir (override) updir (override) case_tolerant (override) path (override) file_name_is_absolute (override) splitpath (override) splitdir (override) catpath (override) abs2rel (override) rel2abs (override) COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION devnull tmpdir catfile canonpath splitpath splitdir catpath Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely PORTABILITY SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OBJECT-ORIENTED INTERFACE new filename unlink_on_destroy DESTROY FUNCTIONS tempfile tempdir MKTEMP FUNCTIONS mkstemp mkstemps mkdtemp mktemp POSIX FUNCTIONS tmpnam tmpfile ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS tempnam UTILITY FUNCTIONS unlink0 cmpstat unlink1 cleanup PACKAGE VARIABLES safe_level, STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH TopSystemUID $KEEP_ALL, $DEBUG WARNING Temporary files and NFS Forking BINMODE HISTORY SEE ALSO AUTHOR File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION BUGS NOTE AUTHOR FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR CAVEATS BUGS FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION $fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines SEE ALSO Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION The Problem A Solution Disabling or changing behaviour All-in-one interface Filtering only specific components of source code "code", "code_no_comments", "executable", "executable_no_com- ments", "quotelike", "string", "regex", "all" Filtering only the code parts of source code Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the 'code' and 'code_no_comments' component filter behave slightly differently from the other partial filters described in the previous section. Using Filter::Simple with an explicit "import" subroutine Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together How it works AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION use Filter::Util::Call iimmppoorrtt(()) ffiilltteerr(()) and anonymous sub $_, $status, filter_read and filter_read_exact, filter_del EXAMPLES Example 1: A simple filter. Example 2: Using the context Example 3: Using the context within the filter Example 4: Using filter_del Filter::Simple AUTHOR DATE FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXPORTABLE VARIABLES KNOWN ISSUES KNOWN BUGS AUTHORS COPYRIGHT GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library. SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION AVAILABILITY BUGS SEE ALSO Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Command Line Options, an Introduction Getting Started with Getopt::Long Simple options A little bit less simple options Mixing command line option with other arguments Options with values Options with multiple values Options with hash values User-defined subroutines to handle options Options with multiple names Case and abbreviations Summary of Option Specifications !, +, s, i, o, f, : type [ desttype ], : number [ desttype ], : + [ desttype ] Advanced Possibilities Object oriented interface Thread Safety Documentation and help texts Storing option values in a hash Bundling The lonesome dash Argument callback Configuring Getopt::Long default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always (default: disabled), auto_version (default:disabled), auto_help (default:disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, long_prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled) Exportable Methods VersionMessage, "-message", "-msg", "-exitval", "-output", HelpMes- sage Return values and Errors Legacy Default destinations Alternative option starters Configuration variables Trouble Shooting GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not supplied GetOptions does not split the command line correctly Undefined subroutine &main::GetOptions called How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long? AUTHOR COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER Getopt::Std, getopt, getopts - Process single-character switches with switch clustering SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION "--help" and "--version" Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Restricted hashes lock_keys, unlock_keys lock_value, unlock_value lock_hash, unlock_hash hash_seed CAVEATS AUTHOR SEE ALSO I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION the function is_language_tag($lang1) the function extract_language_tags($whatever) the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2) the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2) the function super_languages($lang1) the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier) the function encode_language_tag($lang1) the function alternate_language_tags($lang1) the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages) the function implicate_supers( ...languages... ), the function impli- cate_supers_strictly( ...languages... ) ABOUT LOWERCASING ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AUTHOR I18N::LangTags::Detect - detect the user's language preferences SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS ENVIRONMENT SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AUTHOR I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS LIST OF LANGUAGES {ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {ady} : Adyghe, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {ak} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, {an} : Aragonese, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {ast} : Asturian, {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {av} : Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : Bali- nese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bm} : Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bul- garian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central Ameri- can Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cr} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {dar} : Dargwa, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {dv} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyp- tian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English (ca.450-1100), {i-enochian} : Enochian (Artificial), {myv} : Erzya, {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ee} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ff} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, {lg} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ht} : Haitian, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Ice- landic, {io} : Ido, {ig} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], {id} : Indone- sian, {inh} : Ingush, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jv} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kbd} : Kabardian, {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {xal} : Kalmyk, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : Kannada, {kr} : Kanuri, {krc} : Karachay-Balkar, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {csb} : Kashu- bian, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klin- gon, {kv} : Komi, {kg} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {li} : Limburgish, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low Ger- man, {art-lojban} : Lojban (Artificial), {loz} : Lozi, {lu} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedo- nian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscella- neous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mdf} : Moksha, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {nap} : Neapolitan, {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, {nog} : Nogai, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oj} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} : Pohn- peian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit lan- guages], {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, {se} : Northern Sami, {sma} : Southern Sami, {smn} : Inari Sami, {smj} : Lule Sami, {sms} : Skolt Sami, [{smi} : Sami lan- guages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan lan- guages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : North- ern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, [{tup} : Tupi languages], {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {crh} : Crimean Turk- ish, {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, {udm} : Udmurt, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ve} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], {wa} : Walloon, {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {ii} : Sichuan Yi, {yi} : Yid- dish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER AUTHOR I18N::Langinfo - query locale information SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXPORT SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE IO - load various IO modules SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION DEPRECATED IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile METHODS open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), bin- mode( [LAYER] ) NOTE SEE ALSO HISTORY IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) METHODS $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint NOTE SEE ALSO BUGS HISTORY IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [READER, WRITER] ) METHODS reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell SEE ALSO HISTORY IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ HANDLES ] ) METHODS add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) EXAMPLE AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ARGS] ) METHODS accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, con- nected, protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, time- out([VAL]) SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ARGS] ) METHODS sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost () SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ARGS] ) METHODS hostpath(), peerpath() SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, 'IO::Dir', DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ] SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile METHODS open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), open( FILENAME, IOLAYERS ), bin- mode( [LAYER] ) NOTE SEE ALSO HISTORY IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE ) METHODS $io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint NOTE SEE ALSO BUGS HISTORY IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [READER, WRITER] ) METHODS reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles () SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] ) SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION $io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell SEE ALSO HISTORY IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ HANDLES ] ) METHODS add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, EXCEPTION [, TIMEOUT ] ) EXAMPLE AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communica- tions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ARGS] ) METHODS accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, con- nected, protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, time- out([VAL]) SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ARGS] ) METHODS sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost () SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ARGS] ) METHODS hostpath(), peerpath() SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION WARNING SEE ALSO IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error han- dling SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION WARNING IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ftok( PATH, ID ) SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST KNOWN BUGS SUGGESTED ADDITIONS COPYRIGHT List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST KNOWN BUGS SUGGESTED ADDITIONS COPYRIGHT List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of general-util- ity scalar subroutines SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF KNOWN BUGS COPYRIGHT BLATANT PLUG Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS SEE ALSO Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION alpha-2, alpha-3, numeric CONVERSION ROUTINES code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) QUERY ROUTINES "all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] )", "all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )" SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES alias_code rename_country EXAMPLES DOMAIN NAMES KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS SEE ALSO Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::Sub- Country, ISO 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-ser- vices/iso3166ma/index.html, http://www.egt.ie/stan- dards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, http://www.cia.gov/cia/publica- tions/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency identification (ISO 4217) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION XTS, XXX CONVERSION ROUTINES code2currency(), currency2code() QUERY ROUTINES "all_currency_codes()", "all_currency_names()" EXAMPLES KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS SEE ALSO Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification (ISO 639) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONVERSION ROUTINES code2language(), language2code() QUERY ROUTINES "all_language_codes()", "all_language_names()" EXAMPLES KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS SEE ALSO Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Locale::Maketext - framework for localization SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION QUICK OVERVIEW METHODS Construction Methods The "maketext" Method $lh->fail_with or $lh->fail_with(PARAM), $lh->failure_han- dler_auto Utility Methods $language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plu- ral, $negative), $language->numf($number), $lan- guage->sprintf($format, @items), $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding() Language Handle Attributes and Internals LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON BRACKET NOTATION AUTO LEXICONS CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE HOW TO USE MAKETEXT SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER AUTHOR Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You The Linguistic View Breaking gettext Replacing gettext Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation Buzzword: Isomorphism Buzzword: Inheritance Buzzword: Concision The Devil in the Details The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites References Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION alpha-2, alpha-3, numeric SPECIAL CODES CONVERSION ROUTINES code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET ) QUERY ROUTINES "all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] )", "all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )" EXAMPLES KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS SEE ALSO Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924, http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/ AUTHOR COPYRIGHT MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION encode_base64($str), encode_base64($str, $eol);, decode_base64($str) DIAGNOSTICS Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data, Wide character in subroutine entry EXAMPLES COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $bin- mode), decode_qp($str); COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION encode_qp($str), encode_qp($str, $eol), encode_qp($str, $eol, $bin- mode), decode_qp($str); COPYRIGHT SEE ALSO Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Canonical notation Output "mantissa()", "exponent()" and "parts()" Accuracy vs. Precision Rounding ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 ) METHODS accuracy precision() Autocreating constants Math library Using Math::BigInt::Lite BUGS CAVEATS stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow, precision() vs. accuracy() SEE ALSO LICENSE AUTHORS Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer/float math package SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Input, Output METHODS config accuracy precision brsft new bnan bzero binf bone is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf() is_pos()/is_neg() $x->is_pos(); # true if > 0 $x->is_neg(); # true if < 0 is_odd()/is_even()/is_int() bcmp bacmp sign digit bneg babs bnorm bnot binc bdec badd bsub bmul bdiv bmod bmodinv bmodpow bpow blsft brsft band bior bxor bnot bsqrt bfac round bround bfround bfloor bceil bgcd blcm exponent mantissa parts copy as_int bsstr as_hex as_bin ACCURACY and PRECISION Precision P Accuracy A Fallback F Rounding mode R 'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating num- bers, Usage, Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, Remarks Infinity and Not a Number oct()/hex(), log(-inf), exp(), cos(), sin(), atan2() INTERNALS MATH LIBRARY SIGN mantissa(), exponent() and parts() EXAMPLES use Math::BigInt; Autocreating constants PERFORMANCE Alternative math libraries SUBCLASSING Subclassing Math::BigInt UPGRADING Auto-upgrade bsqrt(), div(), blog() BUGS broot() does not work, Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0 CAVEATS bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt(), brsft() LICENSE SEE ALSO AUTHORS Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION STORAGE METHODS WRAP YOUR OWN LICENSE This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or mod- ify it under the same terms as Perl itself. AUTHORS SEE ALSO Math::BigInt::CalcEmu - Emulate low-level math with BigInt code SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS __emu_bxor __emu_band __emu_bior LICENSE This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or mod- ify it under the same terms as Perl itself. AUTHORS SEE ALSO Math::BigRat - Arbitrary big rational numbers SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION MATH LIBRARY METHODS new() numerator() denominator() $d = $x->denominator(); parts() as_int() as_hex() as_bin() bfac() blog() bround()/round()/bfround() bmod() is_one() is_zero() is_pos() is_neg() is_int() is_odd() is_even() bceil() bfloor() $x->bfloor(); bsqrt() $x->bsqrt(); config BUGS inf handling (partial), NaN handling (partial), rounding (not implemented except for bceil/bfloor), $x ** $y where $y is not an integer, bmod(), blog(), bmodinv() and bmodpow() (partial) LICENSE SEE ALSO AUTHORS Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OPERATIONS CREATION DISPLAYING CHANGED IN PERL 5.6 USAGE ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS BUGS AUTHORS Math::Trig - trigonometric functions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS tan ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS COORDINATE SYSTEMS 3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindri- cal_to_cartesian, cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_carte- sian, spherical_to_cylindrical GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS EXAMPLES CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS BUGS AUTHORS Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION DETAILS OPTIONS INSTALL NORMALIZER "SCALAR_CACHE", "LIST_CACHE" "MEMORY", "HASH", "TIE", "FAULT", "MERGE" OTHER FACILITIES "unmemoize" "flush_cache" CAVEATS PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT EXPIRATION SUPPORT BUGS MAILING LIST AUTHOR COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE THANK YOU Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for Storable use DESCRIPTION Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION INTERFACE TIEHASH, EXISTS, STORE ALTERNATIVES CAVEATS AUTHOR SEE ALSO Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics DESCRIPTION Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics DESCRIPTION Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable use DESCRIPTION Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for Storable use DESCRIPTION Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database DESCRIPTION NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION "O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR" DIAGNOSTICS "ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..." BUGS AND WARNINGS NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method redis- patch SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Enforcing redispatch Avoiding repetitions Invoking all versions of a method with a single call Using "EVERY" methods AUTHOR BUGS AND IRRITATIONS COPYRIGHT Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION USER METHODS debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), dataend () CLASS METHODS debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), ungetline ( TEXT ), rawdatasend ( DATA ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh () EXPORTS AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet SYNOPSYS DESCRIPTION METHODS requires_firewall HOST NetConfig VALUES nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, day- time_hosts, time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_fire- wall_type, ftp_ext_passive, ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and domain SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain () AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Net::FTP - FTP Client class SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OVERVIEW CONSTRUCTOR new ([ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) METHODS login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), site (ARGS), ascii, binary, rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), alloc ( SIZE [, RECORD_SIZE] ), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit () Methods for the adventurous quot (CMD [,ARGS]) THE dataconn CLASS read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), bytes_read (), abort (), close () UNIMPLEMENTED SMNT, HELP, MODE, SYST, STAT, STRU, REIN REPORTING BUGS AUTHOR SEE ALSO USE EXAMPLES http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/ CREDITS COPYRIGHT Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ]) METHODS article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit () Extension methods newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (), overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgti- tle ( PATTERN ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MES- SAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MES- SAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ GROUP ] ), reader UNSUPPORTED DEFINITIONS MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, "[^]-]", *bdc, "[0-9a-zA-Z]", "a??d" SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] 0 METHODS auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), banner (), capa (), capabilities (), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit () NOTES SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Functions Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes [, $device [, $tos ]]]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->service_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->tcp_ser- vice_check( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->ack( [ $host ] );, $p->nack( $failed_ack_host );, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]); NOTES INSTALL BUGS AUTHORS COPYRIGHT Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES CONSTRUCTOR new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] ) METHODS banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), host (), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit () ADDRESSES SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]) AUTHOR COPYRIGHT Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() func- tions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES NOTE AUTHOR Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions DESCRIPTION Where to get this document How to contribute to this document Author and Copyright Information Disclaimer Obtaining and installing libnet What is libnet ? Which version of perl do I need ? What other modules do I need ? What machines support libnet ? Where can I get the latest libnet release Using Net::FTP How do I download files from an FTP server ? How do I transfer files in binary mode ? How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ? How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server ? How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ? Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ? How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ? Changing directory to "" does not fail ? I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ? I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines out- side ? My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21 Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP server ? I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it docu- mented ? Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods Using Net::SMTP Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the hostname ? Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ? The verify method always returns true ? Debugging scripts How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ? AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES NOTE AUTHOR Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() func- tions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTE AUTHOR Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() func- tions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES NOTE AUTHOR Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION THE .netrc FILE machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef name CONSTRUCTOR lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ]) METHODS login (), password (), account (), lpa () AUTHOR SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONVENTIONS IMPLEMENTATION BUGS AUTHOR ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION "O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR" DIAGNOSTICS "odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..." BUGS AND WARNINGS Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTE WARNING Operator Names and Operator Lists an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname or optag, an operator set (opset) Opcode Functions opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), ver- ify_opset (OPSET, ...), define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), opdump (PAT) Manipulating Opsets TO DO (maybe) Predefined Opcode Tags :base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous SEE ALSO AUTHORS Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compart- ments SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION a new namespace, an operator mask WARNING RECENT CHANGES Methods in class Safe permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK) Some Safety Issues Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes AUTHOR Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when com- piling SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1 SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTE CAVEATS FUNCTIONS _exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, fstat, fsync, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isal- pha, isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, locale- conv, localtime, log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, set- sid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, wctomb, write CLASSES POSIX::SigAction new, handler, mask, flags, safe POSIX::SigSet new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember POSIX::Termios new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field values, c_oflag field values PATHNAME CONSTANTS Constants POSIX CONSTANTS Constants SYSTEM CONFIGURATION Constants ERRNO Constants FCNTL Constants FLOAT Constants LIMITS Constants LOCALE Constants MATH Constants SIGNAL Constants STAT Constants, Macros STDLIB Constants STDIO Constants TIME Constants UNISTD Constants WAIT Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED, WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name space SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION :unix, :stdio, :perlio, :crlf, :mmap, :utf8, :bytes, :raw, :pop, :win32 Custom Layers :encoding, :via Alternatives to raw Defaults and how to override them Querying the layers of filehandles AUTHOR SEE ALSO PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO PerlIO::scalar - in-memory IO, scalar IO SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION IMPLEMENTATION NOTE PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXPECTED METHODS $class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), $obj->UTF8($bellowFlag,[$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh) EXAMPLES Example - a Hexadecimal Handle PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION REQUIRED MODULES SEE ALSO ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS COPYRIGHT Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors SYNOPSIS OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS podchecker() -warnings => val DESCRIPTION DIAGNOSTICS Errors empty =headn, =over on line N without closing =back, =item without previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argu- ment for =begin, =end without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification, unresolved internal link NAME, Unknown command "CMD", Unknown interior-sequence "SEQ", nested commands CMD<...CMD<...>...>, garbled entity STRING, Entity number out of range, malformed link L<>, nonempty Z<>, empty X<>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s) after =back Warnings multiple occurrence of link target name, line containing noth- ing but whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with =head, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item para- graph(s), =item type mismatch (one vs. two), N unescaped "<>" in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim para- graph in NAME section, =headn without preceding higher level Hyperlinks ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non- escaped | or / RETURN VALUE EXAMPLES INTERFACE "Pod::Checker->new( %options )" "$checker->poderror( @args )", "$checker->poderror( {%opts}, @args )" "$checker->num_errors()" "$checker->num_warnings()" "$checker->name()" "$checker->node()" "$checker->idx()" "$checker->hyperlink()" AUTHOR Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION "pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )" "-verbose => 1", "-perl => 1", "-script => 1", "-inc => 1" "simplify_name( $str )" "pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )" "-inc => 1", "-dirs => [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ]", "-verbose => 1" "contains_pod( $file , $verbose )" AUTHOR SEE ALSO Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ARGUMENTS backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, hiddendirs, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, pod- root, quiet, recurse, title, verbose EXAMPLE ENVIRONMENT AUTHOR SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, com- mands, etc. SYNOPSIS REQUIRES EXPORTS DESCRIPTION package Pod::InputSource, package Pod::Paragraph, package Pod::InteriorSequence, package Pod::ParseTree Pod::InputSource nneeww(()) nnaammee(()) hhaannddllee(()) wwaass__ccuuttttiinngg(()) Pod::Paragraph Pod::Paragraph->nneeww(()) $pod_para->ccmmdd__nnaammee(()) $pod_para->tteexxtt(()) $pod_para->rraaww__tteexxtt(()) $pod_para->ccmmdd__pprreeffiixx(()) $pod_para->ccmmdd__sseeppaarraattoorr(()) $pod_para->ppaarrssee__ttrreeee(()) $pod_para->ffiillee__lliinnee(()) Pod::InteriorSequence Pod::InteriorSequence->nneeww(()) $pod_seq->ccmmdd__nnaammee(()) $pod_seq->pprreeppeenndd(()) $pod_seq->aappppeenndd(()) $pod_seq->nneesstteedd(()) $pod_seq->rraaww__tteexxtt(()) $pod_seq->lleefftt__ddeelliimmiitteerr(()) $pod_seq->rriigghhtt__ddeelliimmiitteerr(()) $pod_seq->ppaarrssee__ttrreeee(()) $pod_seq->ffiillee__lliinnee(()) Pod::InteriorSequence::DDEESSTTRROOYY(()) Pod::ParseTree Pod::ParseTree->nneeww(()) $ptree->ttoopp(()) $ptree->cchhiillddrreenn(()) $ptree->pprreeppeenndd(()) $ptree->aappppeenndd(()) $ptree->rraaww__tteexxtt(()) Pod::ParseTree::DDEESSTTRROOYY(()) SEE ALSO AUTHOR Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OBJECT METHODS "initialize" Data Accessors AddPreamble AddPostamble Head1Level Label LevelNoNum MakeIndex ReplaceNAMEwithSection StartWithNewPage TableOfContents UniqueLabels UserPreamble UserPostamble Lists Subclassed methods begin_pod end_pod command verbatim textblock interior_sequence List Methods begin_list end_list add_item Methods for headings head Internal methods _output _replace_special_chars _replace_special_chars_late _create_label _create_index _clean_latex_commands _split_delimited NOTES SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT REVISION Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes, release, section DIAGNOSTICS roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown escape E<%s>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back BUGS CAVEATS SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE Pod::ParseLink - Parse an L<> formatting code in POD text SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Pod::List Pod::List->new() $list->file() $list->start() $list->indent() $list->type() $list->rx() $list->item() $list->parent() $list->tag() Pod::Hyperlink Pod::Hyperlink->new() $link->parse($string) $link->markup($string) $link->text() $link->warning() $link->file(), $link->line() $link->page() $link->node() $link->alttext() $link->type() $link->link() Pod::Cache Pod::Cache->new() $cache->item() $cache->find_page($name) Pod::Cache::Item Pod::Cache::Item->new() $cacheitem->page() $cacheitem->description() $cacheitem->path() $cacheitem->file() $cacheitem->nodes() $cacheitem->find_node($name) $cacheitem->idx() AUTHOR SEE ALSO Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators SYNOPSIS REQUIRES EXPORTS DESCRIPTION QUICK OVERVIEW PARSING OPTIONS -want_nonPODs (default: unset), -process_cut_cmd (default: unset), -warnings (default: unset) RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES ccoommmmaanndd(()) $cmd, $text, $line_num, $pod_para vveerrbbaattiimm(()) $text, $line_num, $pod_para tteexxttbblloocckk(()) $text, $line_num, $pod_para iinntteerriioorr__sseeqquueennccee(()) OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES nneeww(()) iinniittiiaalliizzee(()) bbeeggiinn__ppoodd(()) bbeeggiinn__iinnppuutt(()) eenndd__iinnppuutt(()) eenndd__ppoodd(()) pprreepprroocceessss__lliinnee(()) pprreepprroocceessss__ppaarraaggrraapphh(()) METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING ppaarrssee__tteexxtt(()) -expand_seq => code-ref|method-name, -expand_text => code- ref|method-name, -expand_ptree => code-ref|method-name iinntteerrppoollaattee(()) ppaarrssee__ppaarraaggrraapphh(()) ppaarrssee__ffrroomm__ffiilleehhaannddllee(()) ppaarrssee__ffrroomm__ffiillee(()) ACCESSOR METHODS eerrrroorrssuubb(()) ccuuttttiinngg(()) ppaarrsseeooppttss(()) oouuttppuutt__ffiillee(()) oouuttppuutt__hhaannddllee(()) iinnppuutt__ffiillee(()) iinnppuutt__hhaannddllee(()) iinnppuutt__ssttrreeaammss(()) ttoopp__ssttrreeaamm(()) PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA __ppuusshh__iinnppuutt__ssttrreeaamm(()) __ppoopp__iinnppuutt__ssttrreeaamm(()) TREE-BASED PARSING SEE ALSO AUTHOR Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker - let Perldoc check Pod for errors SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS AUTHOR Pod::Perldoc::ToMan - let Perldoc render Pod as man pages SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CAVEAT SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS AUTHOR Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff - let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CAVEAT SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS AUTHOR Pod::Perldoc::ToPod - let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod! SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS AUTHOR Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf - let Perldoc render Pod as RTF SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS AUTHOR Pod::Perldoc::ToText - let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CAVEAT SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS AUTHOR Pod::Perldoc::ToTk - let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO AUTHOR Pod::Perldoc::ToXml - let Perldoc render Pod as XML SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMERS AUTHOR Pod::PlainText - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION alt, indent, loose, sentence, width DIAGNOSTICS Bizarre space in item, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Unknown escape: %s, Unknown sequence: %s, Unmatched =back RESTRICTIONS NOTES SEE ALSO AUTHOR Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod. SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXPORT AUTHOR SEE ALSO Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from input SYNOPSIS REQUIRES EXPORTS DESCRIPTION SECTION SPECIFICATIONS RANGE SPECIFICATIONS OBJECT METHODS ccuurrrr__hheeaaddiinnggss(()) sseelleecctt(()) aadddd__sseelleeccttiioonn(()) cclleeaarr__sseelleeccttiioonnss(()) mmaattcchh__sseeccttiioonn(()) iiss__sseelleecctteedd(()) EXPORTED FUNCTIONS ppooddsseelleecctt(()) -output, -sections, -ranges PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA __ccoommppiillee__sseeccttiioonn__ssppeecc(()) $self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS} $self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS} SEE ALSO AUTHOR Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION alt, code, indent, loose, margin, quotes, sentence, width DIAGNOSTICS Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown com- mand paragraph: %s, %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown for- matting code: %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back RESTRICTIONS NOTES SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION BUGS SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike text SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION BUGS SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTES SEE ALSO AUTHOR COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod docu- mentation SYNOPSIS ARGUMENTS "-message", "-msg", "-exitval", "-verbose", "-section", "-output", "-input", "-pathlist", "-noperldoc" DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES Recommended Use CAVEATS AUTHOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION "O_RDONLY", "O_WRONLY", "O_RDWR" DIAGNOSTICS "sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ..." BUGS AND WARNINGS Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION a new namespace, an operator mask WARNING RECENT CHANGES Methods in class Safe permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK) Some Safety Issues Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes AUTHOR Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isvstring EXPR, isweak EXPR, looks_like_number EXPR, openhandle FH, refaddr EXPR, reftype EXPR, set_prototype CODEREF, PROTOTYPE, tainted EXPR, weaken REF KNOWN BUGS COPYRIGHT BLATANT PLUG Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SelfLoader - load functions only on demand SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION The __DATA__ token SelfLoader autoloading Autoloading and package lexicals SelfLoader and AutoLoader __DATA__, __END__, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle. Classes and inherited methods. Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Caveats Escaping Magic Characters Configuration BUGS AUTHOR Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROAD- CAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sock- addr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATH- NAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sock- addr_un SOCKADDR_UN Storable - persistence for Perl data structures SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION MEMORY STORE ADVISORY LOCKING SPEED CANONICAL REPRESENTATION CODE REFERENCES FORWARD COMPATIBILITY utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable ERROR REPORTING WIZARDS ONLY Hooks "STORABLE_freeze" obj, cloning, "STORABLE_thaw" obj, cloning, serialized, .., "STORABLE_attach" class, cloning, serialized Predicates "Storable::last_op_in_netorder", "Storable::is_storing", "Storable::is_retrieving" Recursion Deep Cloning Storable magic EXAMPLES WARNING BUGS 64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1 CREDITS AUTHOR SEE ALSO Switch - A switch statement for Perl VERSION SYNOPSIS BACKGROUND DESCRIPTION Allowing fall-through Automating fall-through Alternative syntax Higher-order Operations DEPENDENCIES AUTHOR BUGS LIMITATIONS COPYRIGHT Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION BUGS Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION AUTHOR Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls VERSION SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXPORTS FUNCTIONS openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility), syslog($priority, $message), syslog($priority, $format, @args), Note, setlogmask($mask_prior- ity), setlogsock($sock_type), setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_loca- tion) (added in 5.004_02), cclloosseelloogg(()) EXAMPLES CONSTANTS Facilities Levels DIAGNOSTICS Invalid argument passed to setlogsock, no connection to syslog available, stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable, stream passed to setlogsock, but could not find any device, tcp passed to setlogsock, but tcp service unavailable, syslog: expect- ing argument %s, syslog: invalid level/facility: %s, syslog: too many levels given: %s, syslog: too many facilities given: %s, sys- log: level must be given, udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service unavailable, unix passed to setlogsock, but path not available SEE ALSO AUTHOR BUGS SUPPORT AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request tracker, Search CPAN LICENSE Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls VERSION SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXPORTS FUNCTIONS openlog($ident, $logopt, $facility), syslog($priority, $message), syslog($priority, $format, @args), Note, setlogmask($mask_prior- ity), setlogsock($sock_type), setlogsock($sock_type, $stream_loca- tion) (added in 5.004_02), cclloosseelloogg(()) EXAMPLES CONSTANTS Facilities Levels DIAGNOSTICS Invalid argument passed to setlogsock, no connection to syslog available, stream passed to setlogsock, but %s is not writable, stream passed to setlogsock, but could not find any device, tcp passed to setlogsock, but tcp service unavailable, syslog: expect- ing argument %s, syslog: invalid level/facility: %s, syslog: too many levels given: %s, syslog: too many facilities given: %s, sys- log: level must be given, udp passed to setlogsock, but udp service unavailable, unix passed to setlogsock, but path not available SEE ALSO AUTHOR BUGS SUPPORT AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation, CPAN Ratings, RT: CPAN's request tracker, Search CPAN LICENSE Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION DIAGNOSTICS Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s ENVIRONMENT ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED RESTRICTIONS NOTES SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS Tgetent, OSPEED, TERM Tpad, $string, $cnt, $FH Tputs, $cap, $cnt, $FH Tgoto, $cap, $col, $row, $FH Trequire EXAMPLES COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE AUTHOR SEE ALSO Term::Complete - Perl word completion module SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION , ^D, ^U, , DIAGNOSTICS BUGS AUTHOR Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various "readline" packages. If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions. SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Minimal set of supported functions "ReadLine", "new", "readline", "addhistory", "IN", "OUT", "Min- Line", "findConsole", Attribs, "Features" Additional supported functions "tkRunning", "ornaments", "newTTY" EXPORTS ENVIRONMENT CAVEATS Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION QUICK START GUIDE Functions "plan(...)", "tests => number", "todo => [1,5,14]", "onfail => sub { ... }", "onfail => \&some_sub" _to_value "ok(...)" "skip(skip_if_true, args...)" TEST TYPES NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS ONFAIL BUGS and CAVEATS ENVIRONMENT NOTE SEE ALSO AUTHOR Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Construction new create reset Setting up tests exported_to plan expected_tests no_plan has_plan skip_all Running tests ok is_eq, is_num isnt_eq, isnt_num like, unlike maybe_regex cmp_ok BAIL_OUT skip todo_skip skip_rest Test style level use_numbers no_diag, no_ending, no_header Output diag _print _print_diag output, failure_output, todo_output Test Status and Info current_test summary details todo caller _sanity_check _whoa _my_exit EXIT CODES THREADS EXAMPLES SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT Test::Builder::Module - Base class for test modules SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Importing Builder Test::Builder::Tester - test testsuites that have been built with Test::Builder SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Methods test_out, test_err test_fail test_diag test_test, title (synonym 'name', 'label'), skip_out, skip_err line_num color BUGS AUTHOR NOTES SEE ALSO Test::Builder::Tester::Color - turn on colour in Test::Builder::Tester SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION AUTHOR BUGS SEE ALSO Test::Harness - Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics VERSION SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Taint mode Configuration variables. $Test::Harness::Verbose, $Test::Harness::switches, $Test::Har- ness::Timer Failure Failed Test, Stat, Wstat, Total, Fail, Failed, List of Failed Functions runtests _all_ok _globdir _run_all_tests _mk_leader _leader_width EXPORT DIAGNOSTICS "All tests successful.\nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s", "FAILED tests %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.", "Test returned status %d (wstat %d)", "Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s", "Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay. %s", "FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s" ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TEST::HARNESS SETS "HARNESS_ACTIVE", "HARNESS_VERSION" ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS "HARNESS_COLUMNS", "HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST", "HARNESS_DEBUG", "HAR- NESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR", "HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE", "HARNESS_NOTTY", "HARNESS_PERL", "HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES", "HARNESS_VERBOSE" EXAMPLE SEE ALSO TODO BUGS AUTHORS COPYRIGHT Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS "assert()" AUTHOR SEE ALSO Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION new() next() Test::Harness::Point - object for tracking a single test point SYNOPSIS CONSTRUCTION new() from_test_line( $line ) ACCESSORS ok, number Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CONSTRUCTION new() $strap->_init ANALYSIS $strap->analyze( $name, \@output_lines ) $strap->analyze_fh( $name, $test_filehandle ) $strap->analyze_file( $test_file ) $strap->_command_line( $file ) $strap->_command() $strap->_switches( $file ) $strap->_cleaned_switches( @switches_from_user ) $strap->_INC2PERL5LIB $strap->_filtered_INC() $strap->_restore_PERL5LIB() Parsing "_is_diagnostic" "_is_header" "_is_bail_out" "_reset_file_state" Results EXAMPLES AUTHOR SEE ALSO Test::Harness::TAP - Documentation for the TAP format SYNOPSIS TODO THE TAP FORMAT HARNESS BEHAVIOR TESTS LINES AND THE PLAN The plan The test line "ok" or "not ok", Test number, Description, Directive, ok/not ok (required), Test number (recommended), Description (recom- mended), Directive (only when necessary) DIRECTIVES TODO tests Skipping tests OTHER LINES Bail out! Diagnostics Anything else EXAMPLES Common with explanation Unknown amount and failures Giving up Skipping a few Skipping everything Got spare tuits? Creative liberties AUTHORS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS COPYRIGHT Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION I love it when a plan comes together Test names I'm ok, you're not ok. ok is, isnt like unlike cmp_ok can_ok isa_ok pass, fail Module tests use_ok require_ok Complex data structures is_deeply Diagnostics diag Conditional tests SKIP: BLOCK TODO: BLOCK, todo_skip When do I use SKIP vs. TODO? Test control BAIL_OUT Discouraged comparison functions eq_array eq_hash eq_set Extending and Embedding Test::More builder EXIT CODES CAVEATS and NOTES Backwards compatibility, Overloaded objects, Threads, Test::Harness upgrade HISTORY SEE ALSO AUTHORS BUGS COPYRIGHT Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests. SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION ok EXAMPLE CAVEATS NOTES HISTORY SEE ALSO Test::More, Test, Test::Unit, Test::Inline, SelfTest, Test::Harness AUTHORS COPYRIGHT Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests DESCRIPTION Nuts and bolts of testing. Where to start? Names Test the manual Sometimes the tests are wrong Testing lots of values Informative names Skipping tests Todo tests Testing with taint mode. FOOTNOTES AUTHORS COPYRIGHT Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings. SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION General behaviour in list contexts [0], [1], [2] General behaviour in scalar and void contexts A note about prefixes "extract_delimited" "extract_bracketed" "extract_variable" [0], [1], [2] "extract_tagged" "reject => $listref", "ignore => $listref", "fail => $str", [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] "gen_extract_tagged" "extract_quotelike" [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10] "extract_quotelike" and "here documents" [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10] "extract_codeblock" "extract_multiple" "gen_delimited_pat" DIAGNOSTICS C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C AUTHOR BUGS AND IRRITATIONS COPYRIGHT Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES AUTHORS Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described by Knuth SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES LIMITATIONS AUTHOR Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unex- pand(1) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION BUGS LICENSE Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OVERRIDES EXAMPLE LICENSE Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only) CAVEAT SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub, LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broad- cast VARIABLE, yield METHODS join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done LIMITATIONS SEE ALSO Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS AND METHODS new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending SEE ALSO Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS AND METHODS new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably (for old code) CAVEAT SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION BUGS Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST CAVEATS AUTHOR Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION "recsep" "autochomp" "mode" "memory" "dw_size" Option Format Public Methods "flock" "autochomp" "defer", "flush", "discard", and "autodefer" "offset" Tying to an already-opened filehandle Deferred Writing Autodeferring CONCURRENT ACCESS TO FILES CAVEATS SUBCLASSING WHAT ABOUT "DB_File"? AUTHOR LICENSE WARRANTY THANKS TODO Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this, EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this MORE INFORMATION COMPATIBILITY Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for tied hashes SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, SCALAR this Inheriting from Tie::StdHash Inheriting from Tie::ExtraHash "SCALAR", "UNTIE" and "DESTROY" MORE INFORMATION Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Inheriting from Tie::Memoize EXAMPLE BUGS AUTHOR Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION EXAMPLE AUTHOR VERSION SEE ALSO Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied scalars SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this MORE INFORMATION Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION CAVEATS Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $inter- val_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), getitimer ( $which ), clock_gettime ( $which ), clock_getres ( $which ), clock_nanosleep ( $which, $seconds, $flags = 0), clock() EXAMPLES C API DIAGNOSTICS negative time not invented yet internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...) CAVEATS SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Ambiguous Local Times (DST) Non-Existent Local Times (DST) Negative Epoch Values IMPLEMENTATION BUGS SUPPORT AUTHOR Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTE AUTHOR Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTE AUTHOR Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION AUTHOR UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references) SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION "$obj->isa( TYPE )", "CLASS->isa( TYPE )", "isa( VAL, TYPE )", "TYPE", $obj, "CLASS", "VAL", "$obj->can( METHOD )", "CLASS->can( METHOD )", "can( VAL, METHOD )", "VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )" EXPORTS Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Constructor and Tailoring UCA_Version, alternate, backwards, entry, hangul_terminator, ignoreChar, ignoreName, katakana_before_hiragana, level, nor- malization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefChar, undefName, upper_before_lower, variable Methods for Collation "@sorted = $Collator->sort(@not_sorted)", "$result = $Colla- tor->cmp($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->eq($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->ne($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->lt($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->le($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->gt($a, $b)", "$result = $Collator->ge($a, $b)", "$sortKey = $Colla- tor->getSortKey($string)", "$sortKeyForm = $Collator->view- SortKey($string)" Methods for Searching "$position = $Collator->index($string, $substring[, $posi- tion])", "($position, $length) = $Collator->index($string, $substring[, $position])", "$match_ref = $Colla- tor->match($string, $substring)", "($match) = $Colla- tor->match($string, $substring)", "@match = $Colla- tor->gmatch($string, $substring)", "$count = $Colla- tor->subst($string, $substring, $replacement)", "$count = $Col- lator->gsubst($string, $substring, $replacement)" Other Methods "%old_tailoring = $Collator->change(%new_tailoring)", "$version = $Collator->version()", "UCA_Version()", "Base_Unicode_Ver- sion()" EXPORT INSTALL CAVEATS Normalization, Conformance Test AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE SEE ALSO Unicode Collation Algorithm - UTS #10, The Default Unicode Colla- tion Element Table (DUCET), The conformance test for the UCA, Hangul Syllable Type, Unicode Normalization Forms - UAX #15 Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Normalization Forms "$NFD_string = NFD($string)", "$NFC_string = NFC($string)", "$NFKD_string = NFKD($string)", "$NFKC_string = NFKC($string)", "$FCD_string = FCD($string)", "$FCC_string = FCC($string)", "$normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)" Decomposition and Composition "$decomposed_string = decompose($string)", "$decomposed_string = decompose($string, $useCompatMapping)", "$reordered_string = reorder($string)", "$composed_string = compose($string)" Quick Check "$result = checkNFD($string)", "$result = checkNFC($string)", "$result = checkNFKD($string)", "$result = checkNFKC($string)", "$result = checkFCD($string)", "$result = checkFCC($string)", "$result = check($form_name, $string)" Character Data "$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint)", "$compatibil- ity_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint)", "$codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next)", "$combin- ing_class = getCombinClass($codepoint)", "$is_exclusion = isEx- clusion($codepoint)", "$is_singleton = isSingleton($code- point)", "$is_non_starter_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($code- point)", "$may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($code- point)" EXPORT CAVEATS Perl's version vs. Unicode version, Correction of decomposition mapping, Revised definition of canonical composition AUTHOR SEE ALSO http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/, http://www.unicode.org/Pub- lic/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt, http://www.uni- code.org/Public/UNIDATA/NormalizationCorrections.txt, http://www.unicode.org/review/pr-29.html, http://www.uni- code.org/notes/tn5/ Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION charinfo charblock charscript charblocks charscripts Blocks versus Scripts Matching Scripts and Blocks Code Point Arguments charinrange compexcl casefold casespec namedseq() Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion Implementation Note BUGS AUTHOR User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NOTE AUTHOR User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION System Specifics NOTE AUTHOR HISTORY March 18th, 2000 XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code VERSION SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION Migration from "DynaLoader" Backward compatible boilerplate Order of initialization: early load() The most hairy case DIAGNOSTICS Can't find '%s' symbol in %s, Can't load '%s' for module %s: %s, Undefined symbols present after loading %s: %s, XSLoader::load('Your::Module', $Your::Module::VERSION) LIMITATIONS BUGS SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they don't all have manual pages yet: a2p c2ph dprofpp h2ph h2xs perlbug perldoc pl2pm pod2html pod2man s2p splain xsubpp AUTHOR Larry Wall <larry@wall.org>, with the help of oodles of other folks. perl v5.8.8 2006-01-07 PERLTOC(1)
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