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PR(1) FreeBSD General Commands Manual PR(1)
NAME
pr -- print files
SYNOPSIS
pr [+page] [-column] [-adFfmprt] [[-e] [char] [gap]] [-L locale]
[-h header] [[-i] [char] [gap]] [-l lines] [-o offset] [[-s] [char]]
[[-n] [char] [width]] [-w width] [-] [file ...]
DESCRIPTION
The pr utility is a printing and pagination filter for text files. When
multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted, and written
to standard output. By default, the input is separated into 66-line
pages, each with
o A 5-line header with the page number, date, time, and the pathname of
the file.
o A 5-line trailer consisting of blank lines.
If standard output is associated with a terminal, diagnostic messages are
suppressed until the pr utility has completed processing.
When multiple column output is specified, text columns are of equal
width. By default text columns are separated by at least one .
Input lines that do not fit into a text column are truncated. Lines are
not truncated under single column output.
OPTIONS
In the following option descriptions, column, lines, offset, page, and
width are positive decimal integers and gap is a nonnegative decimal
integer.
+page
Begin output at page number page of the formatted input.
-column
Produce output that is columns wide (default is 1) that is written
vertically down each column in the order in which the text is
received from the input file. The options -e and -i are assumed.
This option should not be used with -m. When used with -t, the
minimum number of lines is used to display the output. (To colum-
nify and reshape text files more generally and without additional
formatting, see the rs(1) utility.)
-a Modify the effect of the -column option so that the columns are
filled across the page in a round-robin order (e.g., when column is
2, the first input line heads column 1, the second heads column 2,
the third is the second line in column 1, etc.). This option
requires the use of the -column option.
-d Produce output that is double spaced. An extra <newline> character
is output following every found in the input.
-e [char][gap]
Expand each input to the next greater column position speci-
fied by the formula n*gap+1, where n is an integer > 0. If gap is
zero or is omitted the default is 8. All characters in the
input are expanded into the appropriate number of s. If any
nondigit character, char, is specified, it is used as the input tab
character.
-F Use a <form-feed> character for new pages, instead of the default
behavior that uses a sequence of characters.
-f Same as -F but pause before beginning the first page if standard
output is a terminal.
-h header
Use the string header to replace the file name in the header line.
-i [char][gap]
In output, replace multiple s with s whenever two or
more adjacent s reach column positions gap+1, 2*gap+1, etc.
If gap is zero or omitted, default settings at every eighth
column position is used. If any nondigit character, char, is spec-
ified, it is used as the output character.
-L locale
Use locale specified as argument instead of one found in environ-
ment. Use "C" to reset locale to default.
-l lines
Override the 66 line default and reset the page length to lines.
If lines is not greater than the sum of both the header and trailer
depths (in lines), the pr utility suppresses output of both the
header and trailer, as if the -t option were in effect.
-m Merge the contents of multiple files. One line from each file
specified by a file operand is written side by side into text col-
umns of equal fixed widths, in terms of the number of column posi-
tions. The number of text columns depends on the number of file
operands successfully opened. The maximum number of files merged
depends on page width and the per process open file limit. The
options -e and -i are assumed.
-n [char][width]
Provide width digit line numbering. The default for width, if not
specified, is 5. The number occupies the first width column posi-
tions of each text column or each line of -m output. If char (any
nondigit character) is given, it is appended to the line number to
separate it from whatever follows. The default for char is a
. Line numbers longer than width columns are truncated.
-o offset
Each line of output is preceded by offset s. If the -o
option is not specified, the default is zero. The space taken is
in addition to the output line width.
-p Pause before each page if the standard output is a terminal. pr
will write an alert character to standard error and wait for a car-
riage return to be read on the terminal.
-r Write no diagnostic reports on failure to open a file.
-s char
Separate text columns by the single character char instead of by
the appropriate number of s (default for char is the
character).
-t Print neither the five-line identifying header nor the five-line
trailer usually supplied for each page. Quit printing after the
last line of each file without spacing to the end of the page.
-w width
Set the width of the line to width column positions for multiple
text-column output only. If the -w option is not specified and the
-s option is not specified, the default width is 72. If the -w
option is not specified and the -s option is specified, the default
width is 512.
file A pathname of a file to be printed. If no file operands are speci-
fied, or if a file operand is `-', the standard input is used. The
standard input is used only if no file operands are specified, or
if a file operand is `-'.
The -s option does not allow the option letter to be separated from its
argument, and the options -e, -i, and -n require that both arguments, if
present, not be separated from the option letter.
EXIT STATUS
The pr utility exits 0 on success, and 1 if an error occurs.
DIAGNOSTICS
If pr receives an interrupt while printing to a terminal, it flushes all
accumulated error messages to the screen before terminating.
Error messages are written to standard error during the printing process
(if output is redirected) or after all successful file printing is com-
plete (when printing to a terminal).
SEE ALSO
cat(1), more(1), rs(1)
STANDARDS
The pr utility is IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 (``POSIX.1'') compatible.
HISTORY
A pr command appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX.
BUGS
The pr utility does not recognize multibyte characters.
FreeBSD 6.1 July 3, 2004 FreeBSD 6.1
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