a2p
accept
access
acct
addftinfo
addr2line
adjtime
afmtodit
after
aio_cancel
aio_error
aio_read
aio_return
aio_suspend
aio_waitcomplete
aio_write
alias
aliases
alloc
anvil
append
apply
apropos
ar
array
as
asa
asn1parse
at
atq
atrm
attemptckalloc
attemptckrealloc
authlib
authtest
autopoint
awk
b64decode
b64encode
basename
batch
bc
bdes
bell
bg
bgerror
biff
big5
binary
bind
bindkey
bindtags
bindtextdomain
bio
bitmap
blowfish
bn
bootparams
bootptab
bounce
brandelf
break
breaksw
brk
bsdiff
bsdtar
bsnmpd
bspatch
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buffer
builtin
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bunzip2
button
byacc
bzcat
bzegrep
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bzip2
c2ph
c89
c99
ca
cal
calendar
canvas
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case
cat
catch
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cc
cd
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checkbutton
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chio
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ci
ciphers
ckalloc
ckdist
ckfree
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cksum
cleanup
clear
clipboard
clock
clock_getres
clock_gettime
clock_settime
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cmp
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col
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colldef
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colrm
column
comm
command
compile_et
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config
connect
console
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core
courierlogger
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cp
cpan
cpio
cpp
creat
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crontab
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crunchide
crypt
crypto
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cu
cursor
cursors
cut
cvs
date
dbiprof
dbiproxy
dc
dcgettext
dcngettext
dd
dde
default
defer
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destroy
devfs
df
dgettext
dgst
dh
dhparam
dialog
diff
diff3
dig
dir
dirent
dirname
dirs
discard
disktab
dngettext
do
domainname
done
dprofpp
dsa
dsaparam
dtmfdecode
du
dup
dup2
eaccess
ec
ecdsa
echo
echotc
ecparam
ed
edit
editrc
ee
egrep
elf
elfdump
elif
else
enc
enc2xs
encoding
end
endif
endsw
engine
enigma
entry
env
envsubst
eof
eqn
err
errno
error
errstr
esac
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euc
eui64
eval
event
evp
ex
exec
execve
exit
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export
exports
expr
extattr
extattr_delete_fd
extattr_delete_file
extattr_get_fd
extattr_get_file
extattr_set_fd
extattr_set_file
f77
false
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fc
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fconfigure
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fdwrite
fetch
fg
fgrep
fhopen
fhstat
fhstatfs
fi
file
file2c
fileevent
filename
filetest
find
find2perl
finger
flex
flock
flush
fmt
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fold
font
fontedit
for
foreach
fork
format
forward
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frame
from
fs
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ftp
ftpchroot
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g711conv
gb2312
gb18030
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gcc
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gcov
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global
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gprof
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grid
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groups
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gzexe
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h2xs
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hashstat
hd
head
help2man
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hexdump
history
host
hostname
hosts
hosts_access
hosts_options
hpftodit
http
hup
i386_get_ioperm
i386_get_ldt
i386_set_ioperm
i386_set_ldt
i386_vm86
iconv
id
ident
idprio
if
ifnames253
ifnames259
image
imapd
incr
indent
indxbib
info
infokey
inode
install
instmodsh
interp
intro
introduction
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ipcrm
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lam
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ldap
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less
lesskey
lex
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libnetcfg
library
limit
limits
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link
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list
listbox
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lj4_font
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ln
load
loadfont
local
locale
locate
lock
lockf
log
logger
login
logins
logname
logout
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lookbib
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lower
lp
lpq
lpr
lprm
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ls
lsearch
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lsort
lstat
lsvfs
lutimes
lynx
m4
madvise
magic
mail
maildiracl
maildirkw
maildirmake
mailq
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make
makeinfo
makewhatis
man
manpath
master
mc
mcedit
mcview
md2
md4
md5
mdc2
memory
menu
menubar
menubutton
merge
mesg
message
mincore
minherit
minigzip
mkdep
mkdir
mkfifo
mkimapdcert
mklocale
mknod
mkpop3dcert
mkstr
mktemp
mlock
mlockall
mmap
mmroff
modfind
modfnext
modnext
modstat
moduli
more
motd
mount
mprotect
mptable
msdos
msdosfs
msgattrib
msgcat
msgcmp
msgcomm
msgconv
msgen
msgexec
msgfilter
msgfmt
msggrep
msginit
msgmerge
msgs
msgunfmt
msguniq
mskanji
msql2mysql
msync
mt
munlock
munlockall
munmap
mv
myisamchk
myisamlog
myisampack
mysql
mysqlaccess
mysqladmin
mysqlbinlog
mysqlcheck
mysqld
mysqldump
mysqld_multi
mysqld_safe
mysqlhotcopy
mysqlimport
mysqlshow
mysql_config
mysql_fix_privilege_tables
mysql_zap
namespace
nanosleep
nawk
nc
ncal
ncplist
ncplogin
ncplogout
neqn
netconfig
netgroup
netid
netstat
networks
newaliases
newgrp
nex
nfsstat
nfssvc
ngettext
nice
nl
nm
nmount
nohup
nologin
notify
nroff
nseq
nslookup
ntp_adjtime
ntp_gettime
nvi
nview
objcopy
objdump
objformat
ocsp
od
onintr
open
openssl
opieaccess
opieinfo
opiekey
opiekeys
opiepasswd
option
options
oqmgr
pack
package
packagens
pagesize
palette
pam_auth
panedwindow
parray
passwd
paste
patch
pathchk
pathconf
pawd
pax
pbm
pcre
pcreapi
pcrebuild
pcrecallout
pcrecompat
pcrecpp
pcregrep
pcrematching
pcrepartial
pcrepattern
pcreperform
pcreposix
pcreprecompile
pcresample
pcretest
perl
perl56delta
perl58delta
perl561delta
perl570delta
perl571delta
perl572delta
perl573delta
perl581delta
perl582delta
perl583delta
perl584delta
perl585delta
perl586delta
perl587delta
perl588delta
perl5004delta
perl5005delta
perlaix
perlamiga
perlapi
perlapio
perlapollo
perlartistic
perlbeos
perlbook
perlboot
perlbot
perlbs2000
perlbug
perlcall
perlcc
perlce
perlcheat
perlclib
perlcn
perlcompile
perlcygwin
perldata
perldbmfilter
perldebguts
perldebtut
perldebug
perldelta
perldgux
perldiag
perldoc
perldos
perldsc
perlebcdic
perlembed
perlepoc
perlfaq
perlfaq1
perlfaq2
perlfaq3
perlfaq4
perlfaq5
perlfaq6
perlfaq7
perlfaq8
perlfaq9
perlfilter
perlfork
perlform
perlfreebsd
perlfunc
perlglossary
perlgpl
perlguts
perlhack
perlhist
perlhpux
perlhurd
perlintern
perlintro
perliol
perlipc
perlirix
perlivp
perljp
perlko
perllexwarn
perllinux
perllocale
perllol
perlmachten
perlmacos
perlmacosx
perlmint
perlmod
perlmodinstall
perlmodlib
perlmodstyle
perlmpeix
perlnetware
perlnewmod
perlnumber
perlobj
perlop
perlopenbsd
perlopentut
perlos2
perlos390
perlos400
perlothrtut
perlpacktut
perlplan9
perlpod
perlpodspec
perlport
perlqnx
perlre
perlref
perlreftut
perlrequick
perlreref
perlretut
perlrun
perlsec
perlsolaris
perlstyle
perlsub
perlsyn
perlthrtut
perltie
perltoc
perltodo
perltooc
perltoot
perltrap
perltru64
perltw
perlunicode
perluniintro
perlutil
perluts
perlvar
perlvmesa
perlvms
perlvos
perlwin32
perlxs
perlxstut
perror
pfbtops
pftp
pgrep
phones
photo
pic
pickup
piconv
pid
pipe
pkcs7
pkcs8
pkcs12
pkg_add
pkg_check
pkg_create
pkg_delete
pkg_info
pkg_sign
pkg_version
pkill
pl2pm
place
pod2html
pod2latex
pod2man
pod2text
pod2usage
podchecker
podselect
poll
popd
popup
posix_madvise
postalias
postcat
postconf
postdrop
postfix
postkick
postlock
postlog
postmap
postqueue
postsuper
pr
pread
preadv
printcap
printenv
printf
proc
procfs
profil
protocols
prove
proxymap
ps
psed
psroff
pstruct
ptrace
publickey
pushd
puts
pwd
pwrite
pwritev
qmgr
qmqpd
quota
quotactl
radiobutton
raise
rand
ranlib
rcp
rcs
rcsclean
rcsdiff
rcsfile
rcsfreeze
rcsintro
rcsmerge
read
readelf
readlink
readonly
readv
realpath
reboot
recv
recvfrom
recvmsg
red
ree
refer
regexp
registry
regsub
rehash
remote
rename
repeat
replace
req
reset
resolver
resource
return
rev
revoke
rfcomm_sppd
rfork
rhosts
ripemd
ripemd160
rlog
rlogin
rm
rmd160
rmdir
rpc
rpcgen
rs
rsa
rsautl
rsh
rtld
rtprio
rup
ruptime
rusers
rwall
rwho
s2p
safe
sasl
sasldblistusers2
saslpasswd2
sbrk
scache
scale
scan
sched
sched_getparam
sched_getscheduler
sched_get_priority_max
sched_get_priority_min
sched_rr_get_interval
sched_setparam
sched_setscheduler
sched_yield
scon
scp
script
scrollbar
sdiff
sed
seek
select
selection
semctl
semget
semop
send
sendbug
sendfile
sendmail
sendmsg
sendto
services
sess_id
set
setegid
setenv
seteuid
setfacl
setgid
setgroups
setitimer
setlogin
setpgid
setpgrp
setpriority
setregid
setresgid
setresuid
setreuid
setrlimit
setsid
setsockopt
settc
settimeofday
setty
setuid
setvar
sftp
sh
sha
sha1
sha256
shar
shells
shift
shmat
shmctl
shmdt
shmget
showq
shutdown
sigaction
sigaltstack
sigblock
sigmask
sigpause
sigpending
sigprocmask
sigreturn
sigsetmask
sigstack
sigsuspend
sigvec
sigwait
size
slapadd
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slapdn
slapindex
slappasswd
slaptest
sleep
slogin
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smime
smtp
smtpd
socket
socketpair
sockstat
soelim
sort
source
spawn
speed
spinbox
spkac
splain
split
squid
squid_ldap_auth
squid_ldap_group
squid_unix_group
sscop
ssh
sshd_config
ssh_config
stab
startslip
stat
statfs
stop
string
strings
strip
stty
su
subst
sum
suspend
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swapon
switch
symlink
sync
sysarch
syscall
sysconftool
sysconftoolcheck
systat
s_client
s_server
s_time
tabs
tail
talk
tar
tbl
tclsh
tcltest
tclvars
tcopy
tcpdump
tcpslice
tcsh
tee
tell
telltc
telnet
term
termcap
terminfo
test
texindex
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text
textdomain
tfmtodit
tftp
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time
tip
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tr
trace
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truss
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tty
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ui
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units
unknown
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until
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update
uplevel
uptime
upvar
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usbhidctl
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utf8
utimes
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uuidgen
vacation
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verify
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vi
vidcontrol
vidfont
view
virtual
vis
vt220keys
vwait
w
wait
wait3
wait4
waitpid
wall
wc
wget
what
whatis
where
whereis
which
while
who
whoami
whois
window
winfo
wish
wm
write
writev
wtmp
x509
xargs
xgettext
xmlwf
xstr
xsubpp
yacc
yes
ypcat
ypchfn
ypchpass
ypchsh
ypmatch
yppasswd
ypwhich
yyfix
zcat
zcmp
zdiff
zegrep
zfgrep
zforce
zgrep
zmore
znew
_exit
__syscall
 
FreeBSD/Linux/UNIX General Commands Manual
Hypertext Man Pages
tcltest
 
tcltest(n)		     Tcl Bundled Packages		    tcltest(n)



NAME
       tcltest - Test harness support code and utilities

SYNOPSIS
       package require tcltest ?2.2.5?

       tcltest::test name description ?option value ...?
       tcltest::test name description ?constraints? body result

       tcltest::loadTestedCommands
       tcltest::makeDirectory name ?directory?
       tcltest::removeDirectory name ?directory?
       tcltest::makeFile contents name ?directory?
       tcltest::removeFile name ?directory?
       tcltest::viewFile name ?directory?
       tcltest::cleanupTests ?runningMultipleTests?
       tcltest::runAllTests

       tcltest::configure
       tcltest::configure option
       tcltest::configure option value ?option value ...?
       tcltest::customMatch mode command
       tcltest::testConstraint constraint ?value?
       tcltest::outputChannel ?channelID?
       tcltest::errorChannel ?channelID?
       tcltest::interpreter ?interp?

       tcltest::debug ?level?
       tcltest::errorFile ?filename?
       tcltest::limitConstraints ?boolean?
       tcltest::loadFile ?filename?
       tcltest::loadScript ?script?
       tcltest::match ?patternList?
       tcltest::matchDirectories ?patternList?
       tcltest::matchFiles ?patternList?
       tcltest::outputFile ?filename?
       tcltest::preserveCore ?level?
       tcltest::singleProcess ?boolean?
       tcltest::skip ?patternList?
       tcltest::skipDirectories ?patternList?
       tcltest::skipFiles ?patternList?
       tcltest::temporaryDirectory ?directory?
       tcltest::testsDirectory ?directory?
       tcltest::verbose ?level?

       tcltest::test name description optionList
       tcltest::bytestring string
       tcltest::normalizeMsg msg
       tcltest::normalizePath pathVar
       tcltest::workingDirectory ?dir?

DESCRIPTION
       The  tcltest  package  provides	several utility commands useful in the
       construction of test suites for code instrumented to be run by  evalua-
       tion of Tcl commands.  Notably the built-in commands of the Tcl library
       itself are tested by a test suite using the tcltest package.

       All the commands provided by the tcltest package  are  defined  in  and
       exported  from  the  ::tcltest  namespace, as indicated in the SYNOPSIS
       above.  In the following sections, all commands will  be  described  by
       their simple names, in the interest of brevity.

       The  central command of tcltest is [test] that defines and runs a test.
       Testing with [test] involves evaluation of a Tcl script	and  comparing
       the  result  to	an  expected result, as configured and controlled by a
       number of options.  Several other commands provided by  tcltest	govern
       the  configuration of [test] and the collection of many [test] commands
       into test suites.

       See CREATING TEST SUITES WITH TCLTEST below for an extended example  of
       how to use the commands of tcltest to produce test suites for your Tcl-
       enabled code.

COMMANDS
       test name description ?option value ...?
	      Defines and possibly runs a test with the name name and descrip-
	      tion  description.   The name and description of a test are used
	      in messages reported by [test] during the test, as configured by
	      the options of tcltest.  The remaining option value arguments to
	      [test] define the test, including the scripts to run, the condi-
	      tions  under  which  to  run  them, the expected result, and the
	      means by which the expected and actual results  should  be  com-
	      pared.   See TESTS below for a complete description of the valid
	      options and how they define a test.  The [test] command  returns
	      an empty string.

       test name description ?constraints? body result
	      This  form  of [test] is provided to support test suites written
	      for version 1 of the tcltest package, and also a simpler	inter-
	      face  for a common usage.  It is the same as [test name descrip-
	      tion -constraints constraints -body body -result	result].   All
	      other  options  to  [test] take their default values.  When con-
	      straints is omitted, this form of [test]	can  be  distinguished
	      from the first because all options begin with ``-''.

       loadTestedCommands
	      Evaluates  in the caller's context the script specified by [con-
	      figure -load] or [configure -loadfile].  Returns the  result  of
	      that  script  evaluation,  including  any  error	raised	by the
	      script.  Use this command and the related configuration  options
	      to  provide the commands to be tested to the interpreter running
	      the test suite.

       makeFile contents name ?directory?
	      Creates a file named name relative to  directory	directory  and
	      write  contents  to  that file using the encoding [encoding sys-
	      tem].  If contents does not end with a newline, a  newline  will
	      be appended so that the file named name does end with a newline.
	      Because the system encoding is used, this command is only  suit-
	      able  for  making  text  files.  The file will be removed by the
	      next evaluation of  [cleanupTests],  unless  it  is  removed  by
	      [removeFile]  first.   The  default  value  of  directory is the
	      directory [configure -tmpdir].  Returns the  full  path  of  the
	      file created.  Use this command to create any text file required
	      by a test with contents as needed.

       removeFile name ?directory?
	      Forces the file referenced by name to  be  removed.   This  file
	      name  should  be	relative  to directory.   The default value of
	      directory is the	directory  [configure  -tmpdir].   Returns  an
	      empty  string.   Use  this  command  to  delete files created by
	      [makeFile].

       makeDirectory name ?directory?
	      Creates a directory named name relative to directory  directory.
	      The  directory  will  be	removed  by  the  next	evaluation  of
	      [cleanupTests], unless it is removed by [removeDirectory] first.
	      The  default  value  of  directory  is  the directory [configure
	      -tmpdir].  Returns the full path of the directory created.   Use
	      this  command  to  create  any  directories that are required to
	      exist by a test.

       removeDirectory name ?directory?
	      Forces the directory referenced by  name	to  be	removed.  This
	      directory should be relative to directory.  The default value of
	      directory is the	directory  [configure  -tmpdir].   Returns  an
	      empty  string.   Use this command to delete any directories cre-
	      ated by [makeDirectory].

       viewFile file ?directory?
	      Returns the contents of file, except for any final newline, just
	      as  [read  -nonewline]  would  return.  This file name should be
	      relative to directory.  The default value of  directory  is  the
	      directory [configure -tmpdir].  Use this command as a convenient
	      way to turn the contents of a file generated by a test into  the
	      result  of  that	test  for matching against an expected result.
	      The contents of the file are read using the system encoding,  so
	      its usefulness is limited to text files.

       cleanupTests
	      Intended to clean up and summarize after several tests have been
	      run.  Typically called once per test file, at  the  end  of  the
	      file  after  all tests have been completed.  For best effective-
	      ness, be sure that the [cleanupTests] is evaluated  even	if  an
	      error occurs earlier in the test file evaluation.

	      Prints  statistics  about  the  tests run and removes files that
	      were created by [makeDirectory] and [makeFile]  since  the  last
	      [cleanupTests].  Names of files and directories in the directory
	      [configure -tmpdir] created since the last  [cleanupTests],  but
	      not  created  by	[makeFile]  or	[makeDirectory] are printed to
	      [outputChannel].	This command also restores the original  shell
	      environment,  as	described by the ::env array. Returns an empty
	      string.

       runAllTests
	      This is a master command meant to run an entire suite of	tests,
	      spanning	multiple  files and/or directories, as governed by the
	      configurable options of tcltest.	See RUNNING  ALL  TESTS  below
	      for  a complete description of the many variations possible with
	      [runAllTests].

CONFIGURATION COMMANDS
       configure
	      Returns the list of configurable options supported  by  tcltest.
	      See  CONFIGURABLE  OPTIONS  below  for the full list of options,
	      their valid values, and their effect on tcltest operations.

       configure option
	      Returns the current value of the supported  configurable	option
	      option.	Raises	an  error if option is not a supported config-
	      urable option.

       configure option value ?option value ...?
	      Sets the value of each configurable option option to the	corre-
	      sponding value value, in order.  Raises an error if an option is
	      not a supported configurable option, or if value is not a  valid
	      value  for  the  corresponding option, or if a value is not pro-
	      vided.  When an error is raised, the operation of [configure] is
	      halted, and subsequent option value arguments are not processed.

	      If the environment variable ::env(TCLTEST_OPTIONS)  exists  when
	      the  tcltest  package  is  loaded (by [package require tcltest])
	      then its value is taken as a list of arguments to pass to  [con-
	      figure].	 This  allows  the default values of the configuration
	      options to be set by the environment.

       customMatch mode script
	      Registers mode as a new legal value  of  the  -match  option  to
	      [test].	When  the  -match mode option is passed to [test], the
	      script script will be evaluated to compare the actual result  of
	      evaluating the body of the test to the expected result.  To per-
	      form the match, the script  is  completed  with  two  additional
	      words,  the expected result, and the actual result, and the com-
	      pleted script is evaluated in the global	namespace.   The  com-
	      pleted  script  is expected to return a boolean value indicating
	      whether or not the results match.  The built-in  matching  modes
	      of [test] are exact, glob, and regexp.

       testConstraint constraint ?boolean?
	      Sets or returns the boolean value associated with the named con-
	      straint.	See TEST CONSTRAINTS below for more information.

       interpreter ?executableName?
	      Sets or returns the name of the executable  to  be  [exec]ed  by
	      [runAllTests] to run each test file when [configure -singleproc]
	      is false.  The default value for [interpreter] is  the  name  of
	      the  currently  running  program as returned by [info nameofexe-
	      cutable].

       outputChannel ?channelID?
	      Sets or returns the output channel ID.  This defaults to stdout.
	      Any test that prints test related output should send that output
	      to [outputChannel] rather than letting that  output  default  to
	      stdout.

       errorChannel ?channelID?
	      Sets  or returns the error channel ID.  This defaults to stderr.
	      Any test that prints error messages should send that  output  to
	      [errorChannel] rather than printing directly to stderr.

SHORTCUT COMMANDS
       debug ?level?
	      Same as [configure -debug ?level?].

       errorFile ?filename?
	      Same as [configure -errfile ?filename?].

       limitConstraints ?boolean?
	      Same as [configure -limitconstraints ?boolean?].

       loadFile ?filename?
	      Same as [configure -loadfile ?filename?].

       loadScript ?script?
	      Same as [configure -load ?script?].

       match ?patternList?
	      Same as [configure -match ?patternList?].

       matchDirectories ?patternList?
	      Same as [configure -relateddir ?patternList?].

       matchFiles ?patternList?
	      Same as [configure -file ?patternList?].

       outputFile ?filename?
	      Same as [configure -outfile ?filename?].

       preserveCore ?level?
	      Same as [configure -preservecore ?level?].

       singleProcess ?boolean?
	      Same as [configure -singleproc ?boolean?].

       skip ?patternList?
	      Same as [configure -skip ?patternList?].

       skipDirectories ?patternList?
	      Same as [configure -asidefromdir ?patternList?].

       skipFiles ?patternList?
	      Same as [configure -notfile ?patternList?].

       temporaryDirectory ?directory?
	      Same as [configure -tmpdir ?directory?].

       testsDirectory ?directory?
	      Same as [configure -testdir ?directory?].

       verbose ?level?
	      Same as [configure -verbose ?level?].

OTHER COMMANDS
       The  remaining  commands  provided  by tcltest have better alternatives
       provided by tcltest or Tcl itself.  They are retained to support exist-
       ing test suites, but should be avoided in new code.

       test name description optionList
	      This  form of [test] was provided to enable passing many options
	      spanning several lines to [test] as a single argument quoted  by
	      braces,  rather  than  needing  to  backslash quote the newlines
	      between  arguments  to  [test].	The  optionList  argument   is
	      expected to be a list with an even number of elements represent-
	      ing option and value arguments  to  pass	to  [test].   However,
	      these  values are not passed directly, as in the alternate forms
	      of [switch].  Instead, this form makes an unfortunate attempt to
	      overthrow  Tcl's	substitution rules by performing substitutions
	      on some of the list elements as an attempt to implement  a  ``do
	      what I mean'' interpretation of a brace-enclosed ``block''.  The
	      result is nearly impossible to document clearly,	and  for  that
	      reason this form is not recommended.  See the examples in CREAT-
	      ING TEST SUITES WITH TCLTEST below to  see  that	this  form  is
	      really not necessary to avoid backslash-quoted newlines.	If you
	      insist on using this form, examine the source code of tcltest if
	      you  want  to know the substitution details, or just enclose the
	      third through last argument to [test] in braces and hope for the
	      best.

       workingDirectory ?directoryName?
	      Sets  or	returns  the  current  working directory when the test
	      suite is running.  The default value for workingDirectory is the
	      directory  in  which  the test suite was launched.  The Tcl com-
	      mands [cd] and [pwd] are sufficient replacements.

       normalizeMsg msg
	      Returns the result of removing the ``extra'' newlines from  msg,
	      where  ``extra''	is  rather  imprecise.	 Tcl  offers plenty of
	      string processing commands to modify strings as  you  wish,  and
	      [customMatch]  allows  flexible  matching of actual and expected
	      results.

       normalizePath pathVar
	      Resolves symlinks in a path, thus creating a path without inter-
	      nal redirection.	It is assumed that pathVar is absolute.  path-
	      Var is modified in place.  The Tcl command [file normalize] is a
	      sufficient replacement.

       bytestring string
	      Construct  a  string  that consists of the requested sequence of
	      bytes, as opposed to a string of properly formed	UTF-8  charac-
	      ters using the value supplied in string.	This allows the tester
	      to create denormalized or improperly formed strings to pass to C
	      procedures  that	are  supposed  to accept strings with embedded
	      NULL types and confirm that a string result has a  certain  pat-
	      tern  of	bytes.	 This is exactly equivalent to the Tcl command
	      [encoding convertfrom identity].

TESTS
       The [test] command is the heart of the tcltest package.	Its  essential
       function  is  to  evaluate  a Tcl script and compare the result with an
       expected result.  The options of [test] define  the  test  script,  the
       environment  in	which to evaluate it, the expected result, and how the
       compare the actual result to the expected result.   Some  configuration
       options of tcltest also influence how [test] operates.

       The  valid  options  for  [test]  are summarized: test name description
	       ?-constraints keywordList|expression?	       ?-setup	setup-
       Script?		 ?-body  testScript?	      ?-cleanup cleanupScript?
	       ?-result  expectedAnswer?	    ?-output   expectedOutput?
	       ?-errorOutput  expectedError?	       ?-returnCodes codeList?
	       ?-match mode?  The name may be any string.  It is  conventional
       to choose a name according to the pattern: target-majorNum.minorNum For
       white-box (regression) tests, the target should be the name  of	the  C
       function  or Tcl procedure being tested.  For black-box tests, the tar-
       get should be the name of the feature being tested.   Some  conventions
       call  for the names of black-box tests to have the suffix _bb.  Related
       tests should share a major number.  As a test suite evolves, it is best
       to  have the same test name continue to correspond to the same test, so
       that it remains meaningful to say things like ``Test foo-1.3 passed  in
       all releases up to 3.4, but began failing in release 3.5.''

       During  evaluation of [test], the name will be compared to the lists of
       string matching patterns returned by [configure -match], and [configure
       -skip].	 The test will be run only if name matches any of the patterns
       from [configure -match] and matches none of the patterns from  [config-
       ure -skip].

       The description should be a short textual description of the test.  The
       description is included in output produced by the test, typically  test
       failure	messages.   Good description values should briefly explain the
       purpose of the test to users of a test suite.  The name of a Tcl  or  C
       function being tested should be included in the description for regres-
       sion tests.  If the test case exists to reproduce a  bug,  include  the
       bug ID in the description.

       Valid attributes and associated values are:

       -constraints keywordList|expression
	      The  optional  -constraints attribute can be list of one or more
	      keywords or an expression.  If the -constraints value is a  list
	      of keywords, each of these keywords should be the name of a con-
	      straint defined by a call to [testConstraint].  If  any  of  the
	      listed  constraints  is  false  or  does	not exist, the test is
	      skipped.	If the	-constraints  value  is  an  expression,  that
	      expression  is  evaluated.  If the expression evaluates to true,
	      then the test is run.  Note that the expression  form  of  -con-
	      straints	may  interfere	with the operation of [configure -con-
	      straints] and [configure -limitconstraints], and is  not	recom-
	      mended.	Appropriate  constraints  should be added to any tests
	      that should not always be run.  That is, conditional  evaluation
	      of a test should be accomplished by the -constraints option, not
	      by conditional evaluation of [test].  In that way, the same num-
	      ber  of  tests are always reported by the test suite, though the
	      number skipped may change based on the testing environment.  The
	      default  value is an empty list.	See TEST CONSTRAINTS below for
	      a list of built-in constraints and information  on  how  to  add
	      your own constraints.

       -setup script
	      The  optional  -setup  attribute indicates a script that will be
	      run before the script indicated  by  the	-body  attribute.   If
	      evaluation  of  script raises an error, the test will fail.  The
	      default value is an empty script.

       -body script
	      The -body attribute indicates the script to run to carry out the
	      test.   It must return a result that can be checked for correct-
	      ness.  If evaluation of script raises an error,  the  test  will
	      fail.  The default value is an empty script.

       -cleanup script
	      The  optional -cleanup attribute indicates a script that will be
	      run after the script indicated by the -body attribute.  If eval-
	      uation  of  script  raises  an  error,  the test will fail.  The
	      default value is an empty script.

       -match mode
	      The -match attribute determines how expected answers supplied by
	      -result,	-output,  and -errorOutput are compared.  Valid values
	      for mode are regexp, glob, exact, and any value registered by  a
	      prior call to [customMatch].  The default value is exact.

       -result expectedValue
	      The  -result  attribute supplies the expectedValue against which
	      the return value from script will be compared. The default value
	      is an empty string.

       -output expectedValue
	      The  -output  attribute supplies the expectedValue against which
	      any output sent to stdout or [outputChannel]  during  evaluation
	      of  the  script(s)  will	be  compared.	Note  that only output
	      printed using [::puts] is used for comparison.   If  -output  is
	      not  specified, output sent to stdout and [outputChannel] is not
	      processed for comparison.

       -errorOutput expectedValue
	      The -errorOutput attribute supplies  the	expectedValue  against
	      which any output sent to stderr or [errorChannel] during evalua-
	      tion of the script(s) will be compared. Note  that  only	output
	      printed  using [::puts] is used for comparison.  If -errorOutput
	      is not specified, output sent to stderr  and  [errorChannel]  is
	      not processed for comparison.

       -returnCodes expectedCodeList
	      The optional -returnCodes attribute supplies expectedCodeList, a
	      list of return codes that may be accepted from evaluation of the
	      -body  script.  If evaluation of the -body script returns a code
	      not in the expectedCodeList, the test fails.  All  return  codes
	      known  to [return], in both numeric and symbolic form, including
	      extended return codes, are acceptable elements in the  expected-
	      CodeList.  Default value is {ok return}.

       To  pass,  a  test  must  successfully  evaluate its -setup, -body, and
       -cleanup scripts.  The return code of the -body script and  its	result
       must  match  expected  values,  and if specified, output and error data
       from the test must match expected -output and -errorOutput values.   If
       any  of	these  conditions are not met, then the test fails.  Note that
       all scripts are evaluated in the context of the caller of [test].

       As long as [test] is called with valid syntax and legal values for  all
       attributes,  it	will  not  raise  an error.  Test failures are instead
       reported as output written to [outputChannel].  In default operation, a
       successful  test  produces  no output.  The output messages produced by
       [test] are controlled by the [configure -verbose] option  as  described
       in CONFIGURABLE OPTIONS below.  Any output produced by the test scripts
       themselves should be produced  using  [::puts]  to  [outputChannel]  or
       [errorChannel], so that users of the test suite may easily capture out-
       put with the [configure -outfile] and [configure -errfile] options, and
       so that the -output and -errorOutput attributes work properly.

TEST CONSTRAINTS
       Constraints  are  used  to  determine  whether  or not a test should be
       skipped.  Each constraint has a name, which may be any  string,	and  a
       boolean value.  Each [test] has a -constraints value which is a list of
       constraint names.  There are two modes  of  constraint  control.   Most
       frequently,  the  default mode is used, indicated by a setting of [con-
       figure -limitconstraints] to false.  The test will run only if all con-
       straints in the list are true-valued.  Thus, the -constraints option of
       [test] is a convenient, symbolic way to define any conditions  required
       for  the test to be possible or meaningful.  For example, a [test] with
       -constraints unix will only be run if  the  constraint  unix  is  true,
       which indicates the test suite is being run on a Unix platform.

       Each  [test]  should include whatever -constraints are required to con-
       strain it to run only where appropriate.  Several constraints are  pre-
       defined	in  the  tcltest  package,  listed below.  The registration of
       user-defined constraints is performed by the [testConstraint]  command.
       User-defined  constraints  may appear within a test file, or within the
       script specified by the	[configure  -load]  or	[configure  -loadfile]
       options.

       The following is a list of constraints pre-defined by the tcltest pack-
       age itself:

       singleTestInterp
	      test can only be run if all test files are sourced into a single
	      interpreter

       unix   test can only be run on any Unix platform

       win    test can only be run on any Windows platform

       nt     test can only be run on any Windows NT platform

       95     test can only be run on any Windows 95 platform

       98     test can only be run on any Windows 98 platform

       mac    test can only be run on any Mac platform

       unixOrWin
	      test can only be run on a Unix or Windows platform

       macOrWin
	      test can only be run on a Mac or Windows platform

       macOrUnix
	      test can only be run on a Mac or Unix platform

       tempNotWin
	      test  can not be run on Windows.	This flag is used to temporar-
	      ily disable a test.

       tempNotMac
	      test can not be run on a Mac.  This flag is used to  temporarily
	      disable a test.

       unixCrash
	      test  crashes  if it's run on Unix.  This flag is used to tempo-
	      rarily disable a test.

       winCrash
	      test crashes if it's run on Windows.  This flag is used to  tem-
	      porarily disable a test.

       macCrash
	      test  crashes if it's run on a Mac.  This flag is used to tempo-
	      rarily disable a test.

       emptyTest
	      test is empty, and so not worth running, but  it	remains  as  a
	      place-holder  for a test to be written in the future.  This con-
	      straint has value false to cause tests to be skipped unless  the
	      user specifies otherwise.

       knownBug
	      test  is	known to fail and the bug is not yet fixed.  This con-
	      straint has value false to cause tests to be skipped unless  the
	      user specifies otherwise.

       nonPortable
	      test  can  only  be  run	in some known development environment.
	      Some tests are inherently non-portable because  they  depend  on
	      things  like word length, file system configuration, window man-
	      ager, etc.  This constraint has value false to cause tests to be
	      skipped unless the user specifies otherwise.

       userInteraction
	      test  requires  interaction  from the user.  This constraint has
	      value false to causes tests to be skipped unless the user speci-
	      fies otherwise.

       interactive
	      test  can  only  be  run in if the interpreter is in interactive
	      mode (when the global tcl_interactive variable is set to 1).

       nonBlockFiles
	      test can only be run if platform	supports  setting  files  into
	      nonblocking mode

       asyncPipeClose
	      test  can only be run if platform supports async flush and async
	      close on a pipe

       unixExecs
	      test can only be run if this  machine  has  Unix-style  commands
	      cat, echo, sh, wc, rm, sleep, fgrep, ps, chmod, and mkdir avail-
	      able

       hasIsoLocale
	      test can only be run if can switch to an ISO locale

       root   test can only run if Unix user is root

       notRoot
	      test can only run if Unix user is not root

       eformat
	      test can only run if app has a working version of  sprintf  with
	      respect to the "e" format of floating-point numbers.

       stdio  test can only be run if [interpreter] can be [open]ed as a pipe.

       The alternative mode of constraint control is enabled by setting  [con-
       figure  -limitconstraints]  to  true.  With that configuration setting,
       all existing constraints  other	than  those  in  the  constraint  list
       returned  by [configure -constraints] are set to false.	When the value
       of [configure -constraints] is set, all those constraints  are  set  to
       true.   The  effect  is that when both options [configure -constraints]
       and [configure -limitconstraints] are in use, only those tests  includ-
       ing  only  constraints  from the [configure -constraints] list are run;
       all others are skipped.	For example, one might set up a  configuration
       with configure -constraints knownBug \
		 -limitconstraints true \
		 -verbose  pass to run exactly those tests that exercise known
       bugs, and discover whether any of them pass,  indicating  the  bug  had
       been fixed.

RUNNING ALL TESTS
       The  single  command  [runAllTests]  is evaluated to run an entire test
       suite, spanning many files and directories.  The configuration  options
       of  tcltest  control the precise operations.  The [runAllTests] command
       begins by printing a summary of its configuration to [outputChannel].

       Test files to be evaluated  are	sought	in  the  directory  [configure
       -testdir].   The  list of files in that directory that match any of the
       patterns in [configure -file] and match none of the patterns  in  [con-
       figure -notfile] is generated and sorted.  Then each file will be eval-
       uated in turn.  If [configure -singleproc] is true, then each file will
       be  [source]d  in the caller's context.	If it is false, then a copy of
       [interpreter] will be [exec]d to evaluate each file.  The multi-process
       operation  is  useful  when  testing  can cause errors so severe that a
       process terminates.  Although such  an  error  may  terminate  a  child
       process	evaluating  one file, the master process can continue with the
       rest of the test suite.	In multi-process operation, the  configuration
       of  tcltest  in	the master process is passed to the child processes as
       command line arguments, with the  exception  of	[configure  -outfile].
       The  [runAllTests]  command  in	the master process collects all output
       from the child processes and collates their  results  into  one	master
       report.	Any reports of individual test failures, or messages requested
       by a [configure -verbose] setting  are  passed  directly  on  to  [out-
       putChannel] by the master process.

       After  evaluating  all selected test files, a summary of the results is
       printed to [outputChannel].  The summary includes the total  number  of
       [test]s	evaluated,  broken  down into those skipped, those passed, and
       those failed.  The summary also notes the number  of  files  evaluated,
       and the names of any files with failing tests or errors.  A list of the
       constraints that caused tests to be skipped, and the  number  of  tests
       skipped	for  each  is  also printed.  Also, messages are printed if it
       appears that evaluation of a test file has caused any  temporary  files
       to be left behind in [configure -tmpdir].

       Having  completed and summarized all selected test files, [runAllTests]
       then recursively acts on subdirectories of [configure  -testdir].   All
       subdirectories  that  match any of the patterns in [configure -related-
       dir] and do not match any of the patterns in [configure	-asidefromdir]
       are examined.  If a file named all.tcl is found in such a directory, it
       will be [source]d in the caller's context.  Whether or not an  examined
       directory contains an all.tcl file, its subdirectories are also scanned
       against the [configure -relateddir] and [configure -asidefromdir]  pat-
       terns.	In this way, many directories in a directory tree can have all
       their test files evaluated by a single [runAllTests] command.

CONFIGURABLE OPTIONS
       The [configure] command is used	to  set  and  query  the  configurable
       options of tcltest.  The valid options are:

       -singleproc boolean
	      Controls whether or not [runAllTests] spawns a child process for
	      each test file.  No spawning  when  boolean  is  true.   Default
	      value is false.

       -debug level
	      Sets  the  debug level to level, an integer value indicating how
	      much debugging information should be printed  to	stdout.   Note
	      that  debug  messages  always  go  to stdout, independent of the
	      value of [configure -outfile].  Default value is 0.  Levels  are
	      defined as:

	      0      Do not display any debug information.

	      1      Display  information  regarding whether a test is skipped
		     because it doesn't match any of the tests that were spec-
		     ified using by [configure -match] (userSpecifiedNonMatch)
		     or matches any  of  the  tests  specified	by  [configure
		     -skip]  (userSpecifiedSkip).   Also  print warnings about
		     possible lack of cleanup or balance in test files.   Also
		     print warnings about any re-use of test names.

	      2      Display the flag array parsed by the command line proces-
		     sor, the contents of  the	::env  array,  and  all  user-
		     defined  variables that exist in the current namespace as
		     they are used.

	      3      Display information regarding what  individual  procs  in
		     the test harness are doing.

       -verbose level
	      Sets  the  type  of output verbosity desired to level, a list of
	      zero or more of the elements body, pass, skip, start, and error.
	      Default value is {body error}.  Levels are defined as:

	      body (b)
		     Display the body of failed tests

	      pass (p)
		     Print output when a test passes

	      skip (s)
		     Print output when a test is skipped

	      start (t)
		     Print output whenever a test starts

	      error (e)
		     Print errorInfo and errorCode, if they exist, when a test
		     return code does not match its expected return code
       The single letter abbreviations noted above are also recognized so that
       [configure  -verbose  pt]  is  the  same  as [configure -verbose  {pass
       start}].

       -preservecore level
	      Sets the core preservation level to level.   This  level	deter-
	      mines how stringent checks for core files are.  Default value is
	      0.  Levels are defined as:

	      0      No checking - do not check for core files at the  end  of
		     each test command, but do check for them in [runAllTests]
		     after all test files have been evaluated.

	      1      Also check for core files at the end of each [test]  com-
		     mand.

	      2      Check  for  core  files at all times described above, and
		     save a copy of each  core	file  produced	in  [configure
		     -tmpdir].

       -limitconstraints boolean
	      Sets the mode by which [test] honors constraints as described in
	      TESTS above.  Default value is false.

       -constraints list
	      Sets all the constraints in list to true.  Also used in combina-
	      tion  with  [configure  -limitconstraints  true]	to  control an
	      alternative  constraint  mode  as  described  in	TESTS	above.
	      Default value is an empty list.

       -tmpdir directory
	      Sets  the temporary directory to be used by [makeFile], [makeDi-
	      rectory], [viewFile], [removeFile], and [removeDirectory] as the
	      default  directory where temporary files and directories created
	      by test files should be created.	Default value  is  [workingDi-
	      rectory].

       -testdir directory
	      Sets  the directory searched by [runAllTests] for test files and
	      subdirectories.  Default value is [workingDirectory].

       -file patternList
	      Sets the list of patterns used  by  [runAllTests]  to  determine
	      what test files to evaluate.  Default value is *.test.

       -notfile patternList
	      Sets  the  list  of  patterns used by [runAllTests] to determine
	      what test files to skip.	Default value is l.*.test, so that any
	      SCCS lock files are skipped.

       -relateddir patternList
	      Sets  the  list  of  patterns used by [runAllTests] to determine
	      what subdirectories to search  for  an  all.tcl  file.   Default
	      value is *.

       -asidefromdir patternList
	      Sets  the  list  of  patterns used by [runAllTests] to determine
	      what subdirectories to skip when searching for an all.tcl  file.
	      Default value is an empty list.

       -match patternList
	      Set  the	list of patterns used by [test] to determine whether a
	      test should be run.  Default value is *.

       -skip patternList
	      Set the list of patterns used by [test] to determine  whether  a
	      test should be skipped.  Default value is an empty list.

       -load script
	      Sets  a script to be evaluated by [loadTestedCommands].  Default
	      value is an empty script.

       -loadfile filename
	      Sets the filename from which to read a script to be evaluated by
	      [loadTestedCommands].   This  is	an alternative to -load.  They
	      cannot be used together.

       -outfile filename
	      Sets the file to which all output produced by tcltest should  be
	      written.	 A  file  named filename will be [open]ed for writing,
	      and the resulting channel will be set  as  the  value  of  [out-
	      putChannel].

       -errfile filename
	      Sets  the  file  to  which  all error output produced by tcltest
	      should be written.  A file named filename will be  [open]ed  for
	      writing,	and  the resulting channel will be set as the value of
	      [errorChannel].

CREATING TEST SUITES WITH TCLTEST
       The fundamental element of a test suite is the individual  [test]  com-
       mand.  We begin with several examples.

       [1]    Test  of a script that returns normally.	test example-1.0 {nor-
	      mal return} {
		  format %s value } value

       [2]    Test of a script that requires context setup and cleanup.   Note
	      the  bracing  and  indenting style that avoids any need for line
	      continuation.  test example-1.1 {test file existence} -setup {
		  set file [makeFile {} test] } -body {
		  file exists $file } -cleanup {
		  removeFile test } -result 1

       [3]    Test of a script that raises an error.  test example-1.2	{error
	      return} -body {
		  error message } -returnCodes error -result message

       [4]    Test  with  a  constraint.   test example-1.3 {user owns created
	      files} -constraints {
		  unix } -setup {
		  set file [makeFile {} test] } -body {
		  file attributes $file -owner } -cleanup {
		  removeFile test } -result $::tcl_platform(user)

       At the next higher layer of organization, several [test]  commands  are
       gathered  together  into  a  single  test file.	Test files should have
       names with the .test extension, because that  is  the  default  pattern
       used  by  [runAllTests] to find test files.  It is a good rule of thumb
       to have one test file for each source code file of your project.  It is
       good  practice to edit the test file and the source code file together,
       keeping tests synchronized with code changes.

       Most of the code in the test file should be the [test]  commands.   Use
       constraints  to	skip  tests,  rather  than  conditional  evaluation of
       [test].	That is, do this:

       [5]    testConstraint X [expr $myRequirement] test  goodConditionalTest
	      {} X {
		  # body } result and do not do this:

       [6]    if $myRequirement {
		  test badConditionalTest {} {	       #body
		  } result }

       Use  the  -setup and -cleanup options to establish and release all con-
       text requirements of the test body.  Do not make tests depend on  prior
       tests  in  the  file.   Those prior tests might be skipped.  If several
       consecutive tests require the same context, the appropriate  setup  and
       cleanup	scripts  may  be  stored in variable for passing to each tests
       -setup and -cleanup options.  This is a better solution than performing
       setup  outside  of [test] commands, because the setup will only be done
       if necessary, and any errors during setup will  be  reported,  and  not
       cause the test file to abort.

       A test file should be able to be combined with other test files and not
       interfere with them, even when [configure  -singleproc  1]  causes  all
       files to be evaluated in a common interpreter.  A simple way to achieve
       this is to have your tests define all their commands and variables in a
       namespace that is deleted when the test file evaluation is complete.  A
       good namespace to use is a child namespace test of the namespace of the
       module you are testing.

       A  test	file should also be able to be evaluated directly as a script,
       not depending on being called by a master  [runAllTests].   This  means
       that  each  test file should process command line arguments to give the
       tester all the configuration control that tcltest provides.

       After all [test]s in a test file, the command [cleanupTests] should  be
       called.

       [7]    Here  is	a  sketch  of  a  sample  test file illustrating those
	      points: package require tcltest  2.2  eval  ::tcltest::configure
	      $argv package require example namespace eval ::example::test {
		  namespace import ::tcltest::*
		  testConstraint X [expr {...}]
		  variable SETUP {#common setup code}
		  variable CLEANUP {#common cleanup code}
		  test example-1 {} -setup $SETUP -body {	  # First test
		  } -cleanup $CLEANUP -result {...}
		  test example-2 {}  -constraints  X  -setup  $SETUP  -body  {
		      # Second test; constrained
		  } -cleanup $CLEANUP -result {...}
		  test	example-3  {}  {	  #  Third  test;  no  context
	      required
		  } {...}
		  cleanupTests } namespace delete ::example::test

       The next level of organization is a full test suite, made up of several
       test files.  One script is used to control the entire suite.  The basic
       function of this script is to call [runAllTests] after doing any neces-
       sary  setup.   This  script is usually named all.tcl because that's the
       default name used by [runAllTests] when combining multiple test	suites
       into one testing run.

       [8]    Here  is	a sketch of a sample test suite master script: package
	      require Tcl 8.4 package  require	tcltest  2.2  package  require
	      example	::tcltest::configure  -testdir		[file  dirname
	      [file normalize [info script]]] eval ::tcltest::configure  $argv
	      ::tcltest::runAllTests

COMPATIBILITY
       A  number of commands and variables in the ::tcltest namespace provided
       by earlier releases of tcltest have not been documented here.  They are
       no  longer part of the supported public interface of tcltest and should
       not be used in new test suites.	However, to continue to support exist-
       ing  test suites written to the older interface specifications, many of
       those deprecated commands and variables	still  work  as  before.   For
       example,  in  many  circumstances,  [configure]	will  be automatically
       called shortly after [package require tcltest 2.1] succeeds with  argu-
       ments  from  the  variable ::argv.  This is to support test suites that
       depend on the old behavior that tcltest	was  automatically  configured
       from command line arguments.  New test files should not depend on this,
       but should explicitly  include  eval  ::tcltest::configure  $::argv  to
       establish a configuration from command line arguments.

KNOWN ISSUES
       There  are  two	known  issues related to nested evaluations of [test].
       The first issue relates to the stack level in which  test  scripts  are
       executed.   Tests nested within other tests may be executed at the same
       stack level as the outermost test.  For example, in the following code:
       test level-1.1 {level 1} {
	   -body {
	       test level-2.1 {level 2} {
	       }
	   }  }  any  script executed in level-2.1 may be executed at the same
       stack level as the script defined for level-1.1.

       In addition, while two [test]s have been  run,  results	will  only  be
       reported  by  [cleanupTests]  for  tests  at  the  same	level  as test
       level-1.1.  However, test results for all tests run prior to  level-1.1
       will be available when test level-2.1 runs.  What this means is that if
       you try to access the test results for test level-2.1, it will may  say
       that  'm'  tests  have run, 'n' tests have been skipped, 'o' tests have
       passed and 'p' tests have failed, where 'm', 'n', 'o', and 'p' refer to
       tests that were run at the same test level as test level-1.1.

       Implementation  of  output  and	error  comparison  in the test command
       depends on usage of ::puts in your application code.  Output is	inter-
       cepted  by  redefining the ::puts command while the defined test script
       is being run.  Errors thrown by C procedures or printed directly from C
       applications  will not be caught by the test command.  Therefore, usage
       of the -output and -errorOuput options to [test]  is  useful  only  for
       pure Tcl applications that use [::puts] to produce output.


KEYWORDS
       test, test harness, test suite



tcltest 			      2.2			    tcltest(n)
=19857
+1175
(89)