a2p
accept
access
acct
addftinfo
addr2line
adjtime
afmtodit
after
aio_cancel
aio_error
aio_read
aio_return
aio_suspend
aio_waitcomplete
aio_write
alias
aliases
alloc
anvil
append
apply
apropos
ar
array
as
asa
asn1parse
at
atq
atrm
attemptckalloc
attemptckrealloc
authlib
authtest
autopoint
awk
b64decode
b64encode
basename
batch
bc
bdes
bell
bg
bgerror
biff
big5
binary
bind
bindkey
bindtags
bindtextdomain
bio
bitmap
blowfish
bn
bootparams
bootptab
bounce
brandelf
break
breaksw
brk
bsdiff
bsdtar
bsnmpd
bspatch
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buffer
builtin
builtins
bunzip2
button
byacc
bzcat
bzegrep
bzfgrep
bzgrep
bzip2
c2ph
c89
c99
ca
cal
calendar
canvas
cap_mkdb
case
cat
catch
catman
cc
cd
cdcontrol
chdir
checkbutton
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chfn
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chio
chkey
chmod
chown
chpass
chroot
chsh
ci
ciphers
ckalloc
ckdist
ckfree
ckrealloc
cksum
cleanup
clear
clipboard
clock
clock_getres
clock_gettime
clock_settime
close
cmp
co
col
colcrt
colldef
colors
colrm
column
comm
command
compile_et
complete
compress
concat
config
connect
console
continue
core
courierlogger
couriertcpd
cp
cpan
cpio
cpp
creat
crl
crontab
crunchgen
crunchide
crypt
crypto
csh
csplit
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ctm
ctm_dequeue
ctm_rmail
ctm_smail
cu
cursor
cursors
cut
cvs
date
dbiprof
dbiproxy
dc
dcgettext
dcngettext
dd
dde
default
defer
deliverquota
des
destroy
devfs
df
dgettext
dgst
dh
dhparam
dialog
diff
diff3
dig
dir
dirent
dirname
dirs
discard
disktab
dngettext
do
domainname
done
dprofpp
dsa
dsaparam
dtmfdecode
du
dup
dup2
eaccess
ec
ecdsa
echo
echotc
ecparam
ed
edit
editrc
ee
egrep
elf
elfdump
elif
else
enc
enc2xs
encoding
end
endif
endsw
engine
enigma
entry
env
envsubst
eof
eqn
err
errno
error
errstr
esac
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euc
eui64
eval
event
evp
ex
exec
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exports
expr
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fg
fgrep
fhopen
fhstat
fhstatfs
fi
file
file2c
fileevent
filename
filetest
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find2perl
finger
flex
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flush
fmt
focus
fold
font
fontedit
for
foreach
fork
format
forward
fpathconf
frame
from
fs
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fsync
ftp
ftpchroot
ftpusers
ftruncate
futimes
g711conv
gb2312
gb18030
gbk
gcc
gcore
gcov
gdb
gencat
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gensnmptree
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getgroups
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getpeername
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getpriority
getresgid
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getrlimit
getrusage
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getsid
getsockname
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gettytab
getuid
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global
gmake
goto
gperf
gprof
grab
grep
grid
grn
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groff_font
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groff_tmac
grog
grolbp
grolj4
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groups
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h2ph
h2xs
hash
hashstat
hd
head
help2man
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hexdump
history
host
hostname
hosts
hosts_access
hosts_options
hpftodit
http
hup
i386_get_ioperm
i386_get_ldt
i386_set_ioperm
i386_set_ldt
i386_vm86
iconv
id
ident
idprio
if
ifnames253
ifnames259
image
imapd
incr
indent
indxbib
info
infokey
inode
install
instmodsh
interp
intro
introduction
ioctl
ipcrm
ipcs
ipf
ipftest
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ippool
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issetugid
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jail_attach
jobid
jobs
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jot
kbdcontrol
kbdmap
kcon
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keylogout
keymap
keysyms
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kill
killall
killpg
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kse_wakeup
ktrace
label
labelframe
lam
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last
lastcomm
lastlog
lchflags
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ld
ldap
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ldapdelete
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ldapmodrdn
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ldapsearch
ldapwhoami
ldd
leave
less
lesskey
lex
lgetfh
lhash
libnetcfg
library
limit
limits
lindex
link
linprocfs
linsert
lint
lio_listio
list
listbox
listen
lj4_font
lkbib
llength
lmtp
ln
load
loadfont
local
locale
locate
lock
lockf
log
logger
login
logins
logname
logout
look
lookbib
lorder
lower
lp
lpq
lpr
lprm
lptest
lrange
lreplace
ls
lsearch
lseek
lset
lsort
lstat
lsvfs
lutimes
lynx
m4
madvise
magic
mail
maildiracl
maildirkw
maildirmake
mailq
mailx
make
makeinfo
makewhatis
man
manpath
master
mc
mcedit
mcview
md2
md4
md5
mdc2
memory
menu
menubar
menubutton
merge
mesg
message
mincore
minherit
minigzip
mkdep
mkdir
mkfifo
mkimapdcert
mklocale
mknod
mkpop3dcert
mkstr
mktemp
mlock
mlockall
mmap
mmroff
modfind
modfnext
modnext
modstat
moduli
more
motd
mount
mprotect
mptable
msdos
msdosfs
msgattrib
msgcat
msgcmp
msgcomm
msgconv
msgen
msgexec
msgfilter
msgfmt
msggrep
msginit
msgmerge
msgs
msgunfmt
msguniq
mskanji
msql2mysql
msync
mt
munlock
munlockall
munmap
mv
myisamchk
myisamlog
myisampack
mysql
mysqlaccess
mysqladmin
mysqlbinlog
mysqlcheck
mysqld
mysqldump
mysqld_multi
mysqld_safe
mysqlhotcopy
mysqlimport
mysqlshow
mysql_config
mysql_fix_privilege_tables
mysql_zap
namespace
nanosleep
nawk
nc
ncal
ncplist
ncplogin
ncplogout
neqn
netconfig
netgroup
netid
netstat
networks
newaliases
newgrp
nex
nfsstat
nfssvc
ngettext
nice
nl
nm
nmount
nohup
nologin
notify
nroff
nseq
nslookup
ntp_adjtime
ntp_gettime
nvi
nview
objcopy
objdump
objformat
ocsp
od
onintr
open
openssl
opieaccess
opieinfo
opiekey
opiekeys
opiepasswd
option
options
oqmgr
pack
package
packagens
pagesize
palette
pam_auth
panedwindow
parray
passwd
paste
patch
pathchk
pathconf
pawd
pax
pbm
pcre
pcreapi
pcrebuild
pcrecallout
pcrecompat
pcrecpp
pcregrep
pcrematching
pcrepartial
pcrepattern
pcreperform
pcreposix
pcreprecompile
pcresample
pcretest
perl
perl56delta
perl58delta
perl561delta
perl570delta
perl571delta
perl572delta
perl573delta
perl581delta
perl582delta
perl583delta
perl584delta
perl585delta
perl586delta
perl587delta
perl588delta
perl5004delta
perl5005delta
perlaix
perlamiga
perlapi
perlapio
perlapollo
perlartistic
perlbeos
perlbook
perlboot
perlbot
perlbs2000
perlbug
perlcall
perlcc
perlce
perlcheat
perlclib
perlcn
perlcompile
perlcygwin
perldata
perldbmfilter
perldebguts
perldebtut
perldebug
perldelta
perldgux
perldiag
perldoc
perldos
perldsc
perlebcdic
perlembed
perlepoc
perlfaq
perlfaq1
perlfaq2
perlfaq3
perlfaq4
perlfaq5
perlfaq6
perlfaq7
perlfaq8
perlfaq9
perlfilter
perlfork
perlform
perlfreebsd
perlfunc
perlglossary
perlgpl
perlguts
perlhack
perlhist
perlhpux
perlhurd
perlintern
perlintro
perliol
perlipc
perlirix
perlivp
perljp
perlko
perllexwarn
perllinux
perllocale
perllol
perlmachten
perlmacos
perlmacosx
perlmint
perlmod
perlmodinstall
perlmodlib
perlmodstyle
perlmpeix
perlnetware
perlnewmod
perlnumber
perlobj
perlop
perlopenbsd
perlopentut
perlos2
perlos390
perlos400
perlothrtut
perlpacktut
perlplan9
perlpod
perlpodspec
perlport
perlqnx
perlre
perlref
perlreftut
perlrequick
perlreref
perlretut
perlrun
perlsec
perlsolaris
perlstyle
perlsub
perlsyn
perlthrtut
perltie
perltoc
perltodo
perltooc
perltoot
perltrap
perltru64
perltw
perlunicode
perluniintro
perlutil
perluts
perlvar
perlvmesa
perlvms
perlvos
perlwin32
perlxs
perlxstut
perror
pfbtops
pftp
pgrep
phones
photo
pic
pickup
piconv
pid
pipe
pkcs7
pkcs8
pkcs12
pkg_add
pkg_check
pkg_create
pkg_delete
pkg_info
pkg_sign
pkg_version
pkill
pl2pm
place
pod2html
pod2latex
pod2man
pod2text
pod2usage
podchecker
podselect
poll
popd
popup
posix_madvise
postalias
postcat
postconf
postdrop
postfix
postkick
postlock
postlog
postmap
postqueue
postsuper
pr
pread
preadv
printcap
printenv
printf
proc
procfs
profil
protocols
prove
proxymap
ps
psed
psroff
pstruct
ptrace
publickey
pushd
puts
pwd
pwrite
pwritev
qmgr
qmqpd
quota
quotactl
radiobutton
raise
rand
ranlib
rcp
rcs
rcsclean
rcsdiff
rcsfile
rcsfreeze
rcsintro
rcsmerge
read
readelf
readlink
readonly
readv
realpath
reboot
recv
recvfrom
recvmsg
red
ree
refer
regexp
registry
regsub
rehash
remote
rename
repeat
replace
req
reset
resolver
resource
return
rev
revoke
rfcomm_sppd
rfork
rhosts
ripemd
ripemd160
rlog
rlogin
rm
rmd160
rmdir
rpc
rpcgen
rs
rsa
rsautl
rsh
rtld
rtprio
rup
ruptime
rusers
rwall
rwho
s2p
safe
sasl
sasldblistusers2
saslpasswd2
sbrk
scache
scale
scan
sched
sched_getparam
sched_getscheduler
sched_get_priority_max
sched_get_priority_min
sched_rr_get_interval
sched_setparam
sched_setscheduler
sched_yield
scon
scp
script
scrollbar
sdiff
sed
seek
select
selection
semctl
semget
semop
send
sendbug
sendfile
sendmail
sendmsg
sendto
services
sess_id
set
setegid
setenv
seteuid
setfacl
setgid
setgroups
setitimer
setlogin
setpgid
setpgrp
setpriority
setregid
setresgid
setresuid
setreuid
setrlimit
setsid
setsockopt
settc
settimeofday
setty
setuid
setvar
sftp
sh
sha
sha1
sha256
shar
shells
shift
shmat
shmctl
shmdt
shmget
showq
shutdown
sigaction
sigaltstack
sigblock
sigmask
sigpause
sigpending
sigprocmask
sigreturn
sigsetmask
sigstack
sigsuspend
sigvec
sigwait
size
slapadd
slapcat
slapd
slapdn
slapindex
slappasswd
slaptest
sleep
slogin
slurpd
smbutil
smime
smtp
smtpd
socket
socketpair
sockstat
soelim
sort
source
spawn
speed
spinbox
spkac
splain
split
squid
squid_ldap_auth
squid_ldap_group
squid_unix_group
sscop
ssh
sshd_config
ssh_config
stab
startslip
stat
statfs
stop
string
strings
strip
stty
su
subst
sum
suspend
swapoff
swapon
switch
symlink
sync
sysarch
syscall
sysconftool
sysconftoolcheck
systat
s_client
s_server
s_time
tabs
tail
talk
tar
tbl
tclsh
tcltest
tclvars
tcopy
tcpdump
tcpslice
tcsh
tee
tell
telltc
telnet
term
termcap
terminfo
test
texindex
texinfo
text
textdomain
tfmtodit
tftp
then
threads
time
tip
tk
tkerror
tkvars
tkwait
tlsmgr
tmac
top
toplevel
touch
tput
tr
trace
trafshow
trap
troff
true
truncate
truss
tset
tsort
tty
ttys
type
tzfile
ui
ul
ulimit
umask
unalias
uname
uncomplete
uncompress
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unexpand
unhash
unifdef
unifdefall
uniq
units
unknown
unlimit
unlink
unmount
unset
unsetenv
until
unvis
update
uplevel
uptime
upvar
usbhidaction
usbhidctl
users
utf8
utimes
utmp
utrace
uudecode
uuencode
uuidgen
vacation
variable
verify
version
vfork
vgrind
vgrindefs
vi
vidcontrol
vidfont
view
virtual
vis
vt220keys
vwait
w
wait
wait3
wait4
waitpid
wall
wc
wget
what
whatis
where
whereis
which
while
who
whoami
whois
window
winfo
wish
wm
write
writev
wtmp
x509
xargs
xgettext
xmlwf
xstr
xsubpp
yacc
yes
ypcat
ypchfn
ypchpass
ypchsh
ypmatch
yppasswd
ypwhich
yyfix
zcat
zcmp
zdiff
zegrep
zfgrep
zforce
zgrep
zmore
znew
_exit
__syscall
 
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perlfaq2
 
PERLFAQ2(1)	       Perl Programmers Reference Guide 	   PERLFAQ2(1)



NAME
       perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.39 $, $Date:
       2006/01/08 14:27:07 $)

DESCRIPTION
       This section of the FAQ answers questions about where to find source
       and documentation for Perl, support, and related matters.

       What machines support perl?  Where do I get it?

       The standard release of perl (the one maintained by the perl develop-
       ment team) is distributed only in source code form.  You can find this
       at http://www.cpan.org/src/latest.tar.gz , which is in a standard
       Internet format (a gzipped archive in POSIX tar format).

       Perl builds and runs on a bewildering number of platforms.  Virtually
       all known and current Unix derivatives are supported (perl's native
       platform), as are other systems like VMS, DOS, OS/2, Windows, QNX,
       BeOS, OS X, MPE/iX and the Amiga.

       Binary distributions for some proprietary platforms, including Apple
       systems, can be found http://www.cpan.org/ports/ directory.  Because
       these are not part of the standard distribution, they may and in fact
       do differ from the base perl port in a variety of ways.	You'll have to
       check their respective release notes to see just what the differences
       are.  These differences can be either positive (e.g. extensions for the
       features of the particular platform that are not supported in the
       source release of perl) or negative (e.g.  might be based upon a less
       current source release of perl).

       How can I get a binary version of perl?

       If you don't have a C compiler because your vendor for whatever reasons
       did not include one with your system, the best thing to do is grab a
       binary version of gcc from the net and use that to compile perl with.
       CPAN only has binaries for systems that are terribly hard to get free
       compilers for, not for Unix systems.

       Some URLs that might help you are:

	   http://www.cpan.org/ports/
	   http://www.perl.com/pub/language/info/software.html

       Someone looking for a perl for Win16 might look to Laszlo Molnar's
       djgpp port in http://www.cpan.org/ports/#msdos , which comes with clear
       installation instructions.  A simple installation guide for MS-DOS
       using Ilya Zakharevich's OS/2 port is available at
       http://www.cs.ruu.nl/%7Epiet/perl5dos.html and similarly for Windows
       3.1 at http://www.cs.ruu.nl/%7Epiet/perlwin3.html .

       I don't have a C compiler. How can I build my own Perl interpreter?

       Since you don't have a C compiler, you're doomed and your vendor should
       be sacrificed to the Sun gods.  But that doesn't help you.

       What you need to do is get a binary version of gcc for your system
       first.  Consult the Usenet FAQs for your operating system for informa-
       tion on where to get such a binary version.

       I copied the perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't
       work.

       That's probably because you forgot libraries, or library paths differ.
       You really should build the whole distribution on the machine it will
       eventually live on, and then type "make install".  Most other
       approaches are doomed to failure.

       One simple way to check that things are in the right place is to print
       out the hard-coded @INC that perl looks through for libraries:

	   % perl -le 'print for @INC'

       If this command lists any paths that don't exist on your system, then
       you may need to move the appropriate libraries to these locations, or
       create symbolic links, aliases, or shortcuts appropriately.  @INC is
       also printed as part of the output of

	   % perl -V

       You might also want to check out "How do I keep my own module/library
       directory?" in perlfaq8.

       I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic load-
       ing/malloc/linking/... failed.  How do I make it work?

       Read the INSTALL file, which is part of the source distribution.  It
       describes in detail how to cope with most idiosyncrasies that the Con-
       figure script can't work around for any given system or architecture.

       What modules and extensions are available for Perl?  What is CPAN?
       What does CPAN/src/... mean?

       CPAN stands for Comprehensive Perl Archive Network, a ~1.2Gb archive
       replicated on nearly 200 machines all over the world.  CPAN contains
       source code, non-native ports, documentation, scripts, and many third-
       party modules and extensions, designed for everything from commercial
       database interfaces to keyboard/screen control to web walking and CGI
       scripts.  The master web site for CPAN is http://www.cpan.org/ and
       there is the CPAN Multiplexer at http://www.cpan.org/CPAN.html which
       will choose a mirror near you via DNS.  See http://www.perl.com/CPAN
       (without a slash at the end) for how this process works. Also,
       http://mirror.cpan.org/ has a nice interface to the
       http://www.cpan.org/MIRRORED.BY mirror directory.

       See the CPAN FAQ at http://www.cpan.org/misc/cpan-faq.html for answers
       to the most frequently asked questions about CPAN including how to
       become a mirror.

       CPAN/path/... is a naming convention for files available on CPAN sites.
       CPAN indicates the base directory of a CPAN mirror, and the rest of the
       path is the path from that directory to the file.  For instance, if
       you're using ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN as your CPAN
       site, the file CPAN/misc/japh is downloadable as
       ftp://ftp.funet.fi/pub/languages/perl/CPAN/misc/japh .

       Considering that there are close to two thousand existing modules in
       the archive, one probably exists to do nearly anything you can think
       of.  Current categories under CPAN/modules/by-category/ include Perl
       core modules; development support; operating system interfaces; net-
       working, devices, and interprocess communication; data type utilities;
       database interfaces; user interfaces; interfaces to other languages;
       filenames, file systems, and file locking; internationalization and
       locale; world wide web support; server and daemon utilities; archiving
       and compression; image manipulation; mail and news; control flow utili-
       ties; filehandle and I/O; Microsoft Windows modules; and miscellaneous
       modules.

       See http://www.cpan.org/modules/00modlist.long.html or
       http://search.cpan.org/ for a more complete list of modules by cate-
       gory.

       CPAN is not affiliated with O'Reilly Media.

       Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?

       Certainly not.  Larry expects that he'll be certified before Perl is.

       Where can I get information on Perl?

       The complete Perl documentation is available with the Perl distribu-
       tion.  If you have Perl installed locally, you probably have the docu-
       mentation installed as well: type "man perl" if you're on a system
       resembling Unix.  This will lead you to other important man pages,
       including how to set your $MANPATH.  If you're not on a Unix system,
       access to the documentation will be different; for example, documenta-
       tion might only be in HTML format.  All proper perl installations have
       fully-accessible documentation.

       You might also try "perldoc perl" in case your system doesn't have a
       proper man command, or it's been misinstalled.  If that doesn't work,
       try looking in /usr/local/lib/perl5/pod for documentation.

       If all else fails, consult http://perldoc.perl.org/ which has the com-
       plete documentation in HTML and PDF format.

       Many good books have been written about Perl--see the section below for
       more details.

       Tutorial documents are included in current or upcoming Perl releases
       include perltoot for objects or perlboot for a beginner's approach to
       objects, perlopentut for file opening semantics, perlreftut for manag-
       ing references, perlretut for regular expressions, perlthrtut for
       threads, perldebtut for debugging, and perlxstut for linking C and Perl
       together.  There may be more by the time you read this.	These URLs
       might also be useful:

	   http://perldoc.perl.org/
	   http://bookmarks.cpan.org/search.cgi?cat=Training%2FTutorials

       What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet?	Where do I post questions?

       Several groups devoted to the Perl language are on Usenet:

	   comp.lang.perl.announce	       Moderated announcement group
	   comp.lang.perl.misc		       High traffic general Perl discussion
	   comp.lang.perl.moderated	   Moderated discussion group
	   comp.lang.perl.modules	       Use and development of Perl modules
	   comp.lang.perl.tk		       Using Tk (and X) from Perl

	   comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi  Writing CGI scripts for the Web.

       Some years ago, comp.lang.perl was divided into those groups, and
       comp.lang.perl itself officially removed.  While that group may still
       be found on some news servers, it is unwise to use it, because postings
       there will not appear on news servers which honour the official list of
       group names.  Use comp.lang.perl.misc for topics which do not have a
       more-appropriate specific group.

       There is also a Usenet gateway to Perl mailing lists sponsored by
       perl.org at nntp://nntp.perl.org , a web interface to the same lists at
       http://nntp.perl.org/group/ and these lists are also available under
       the "perl.*" hierarchy at http://groups.google.com . Other groups are
       listed at http://lists.perl.org/ ( also known as http://lists.cpan.org/
       ).

       A nice place to ask questions is the PerlMonks site, http://www.perl-
       monks.org/ , or the Perl Beginners mailing list
       http://lists.perl.org/showlist.cgi?name=beginners .

       Note that none of the above are supposed to write your code for you:
       asking questions about particular problems or general advice is fine,
       but asking someone to write your code for free is not very cool.

       Where should I post source code?

       You should post source code to whichever group is most appropriate, but
       feel free to cross-post to comp.lang.perl.misc.	If you want to cross-
       post to alt.sources, please make sure it follows their posting stan-
       dards, including setting the Followup-To header line to NOT include
       alt.sources; see their FAQ (
       http://www.faqs.org/faqs/alt-sources-intro/ ) for details.

       If you're just looking for software, first use Google (
       http://www.google.com ), Google's usenet search interface (
       http://groups.google.com ),  and CPAN Search ( http://search.cpan.org
       ).  This is faster and more productive than just posting a request.

       Perl Books

       A number of books on Perl and/or CGI programming are available.	A few
       of these are good, some are OK, but many aren't worth your money.
       There is a list of these books, some with extensive reviews, at
       http://books.perl.org/ . If you don't see your book listed here, you
       can write to perlfaq-workers@perl.org .

       The incontestably definitive reference book on Perl, written by the
       creator of Perl, is Programming Perl:

	       Programming Perl (the "Camel Book"):
	       by Larry Wall, Tom Christiansen, and Jon Orwant
	       ISBN 0-596-00027-8  [3rd edition July 2000]
	       http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/pperl3/
	       (English, translations to several languages are also available)

       The companion volume to the Camel containing thousands of real-world
       examples, mini-tutorials, and complete programs is:

	       The Perl Cookbook (the "Ram Book"):
	       by Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkington,
		   with Foreword by Larry Wall
	       ISBN 0-596-00313-7 [2nd Edition August 2003]
	       http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlckbk2/

       If you're already a seasoned programmer, then the Camel Book might suf-
       fice for you to learn Perl.  If you're not, check out the Llama book:

	       Learning Perl
	       by Randal L. Schwartz, Tom Phoenix, and brian d foy
	       ISBN 0-596-10105-8 [4th edition July 2005]
	       http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/learnperl4/

       And for more advanced information on writing larger programs, presented
       in the same style as the Llama book, continue your education with the
       Alpaca book:

	       Learning Perl Objects, References, and Modules (the "Alpaca Book")
	       by Randal L. Schwartz, with Tom Phoenix (foreword by Damian Conway)
	       ISBN 0-596-00478-8 [1st edition June 2003]
	       http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lrnperlorm/

       If you're not an accidental programmer, but a more serious and possibly
       even degreed computer scientist who doesn't need as much hand-holding
       as we try to provide in the Llama, please check out the delightful book

	       Perl: The Programmer's Companion
	       by Nigel Chapman
	       ISBN 0-471-97563-X [1997, 3rd printing Spring 1998]
	       http://www.wiley.com/compbooks/catalog/97563-X.htm
	       http://www.wiley.com/compbooks/chapman/perl/perltpc.html (errata etc)

       If you are more at home in Windows the following is available (though
       unfortunately rather dated).

	       Learning Perl on Win32 Systems (the "Gecko Book")
	       by Randal L. Schwartz, Erik Olson, and Tom Christiansen,
		   with foreword by Larry Wall
	       ISBN 1-56592-324-3 [1st edition August 1997]
	       http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lperlwin/

       Addison-Wesley ( http://www.awlonline.com/ ) and Manning (
       http://www.manning.com/ ) are also publishers of some fine Perl books
       such as Object Oriented Programming with Perl by Damian Conway and Net-
       work Programming with Perl by Lincoln Stein.

       An excellent technical book discounter is Bookpool at
       http://www.bookpool.com/ where a 30% discount or more is not unusual.

       What follows is a list of the books that the FAQ authors found person-
       ally useful.  Your mileage may (but, we hope, probably won't) vary.

       Recommended books on (or mostly on) Perl follow.

       References
		   Programming Perl
		   by Larry Wall, Tom Christiansen, and Jon Orwant
		   ISBN 0-596-00027-8 [3rd edition July 2000]
		   http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/pperl3/

		   Perl 5 Pocket Reference
		   by Johan Vromans
		   ISBN 0-596-00032-4 [3rd edition May 2000]
		   http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlpr3/

       Tutorials
		   Beginning Perl
		   by James Lee
		   ISBN 1-59059-391-X [2nd edition August 2004]
		   http://apress.com/book/bookDisplay.html?bID=344

		   Elements of Programming with Perl
		   by Andrew L. Johnson
		   ISBN 1-884777-80-5 [1st edition October 1999]
		   http://www.manning.com/Johnson/

		   Learning Perl
		   by Randal L. Schwartz, Tom Phoenix, and brian d foy
		   ISBN 0-596-10105-8 [4th edition July 2005]
		   http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/learnperl4/

		   Learning Perl Objects, References, and Modules
		   by Randal L. Schwartz, with Tom Phoenix (foreword by Damian Conway)
		   ISBN 0-596-00478-8 [1st edition June 2003]
		   http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/lrnperlorm/

       Task-Oriented
		   Writing Perl Modules for CPAN
		   by Sam Tregar
		   ISBN 1-59059-018-X [1st edition Aug 2002]
		   http://apress.com/book/bookDisplay.html?bID=14

		   The Perl Cookbook
		   by Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkington
		       with foreword by Larry Wall
		   ISBN 1-56592-243-3 [1st edition August 1998]
		   http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/cookbook/

		   Effective Perl Programming
		   by Joseph Hall
		   ISBN 0-201-41975-0 [1st edition 1998]
		   http://www.awl.com/

		   Real World SQL Server Administration with Perl
		   by Linchi Shea
		   ISBN 1-59059-097-X [1st edition July 2003]
		   http://apress.com/book/bookDisplay.html?bID=171

       Special Topics
		   Perl Best Practices
		   by Damian Conway
		   ISBN: 0-596-00173-8 [1st edition July 2005]
		   http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlbp/

		   Higher Order Perl
		   by Mark-Jason Dominus
		   ISBN: 1558607013 [1st edition March 2005]
		   http://hop.perl.plover.com/

		   Perl 6 Now: The Core Ideas Illustrated with Perl 5
		   by Scott Walters
		   ISBN 1-59059-395-2 [1st edition December 2004]
		   http://apress.com/book/bookDisplay.html?bID=355

		   Mastering Regular Expressions
		   by Jeffrey E. F. Friedl
		   ISBN 0-596-00289-0 [2nd edition July 2002]
		   http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/regex2/

		   Network Programming with Perl
		   by Lincoln Stein
		   ISBN 0-201-61571-1 [1st edition 2001]
		   http://www.awlonline.com/

		   Object Oriented Perl
		   Damian Conway
		       with foreword by Randal L. Schwartz
		   ISBN 1-884777-79-1 [1st edition August 1999]
		   http://www.manning.com/Conway/

		   Data Munging with Perl
		   Dave Cross
		   ISBN 1-930110-00-6 [1st edition 2001]
		   http://www.manning.com/cross

		   Mastering Perl/Tk
		   by Steve Lidie and Nancy Walsh
		   ISBN 1-56592-716-8 [1st edition January 2002]
		   http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/mastperltk/

		   Extending and Embedding Perl
		   by Tim Jenness and Simon Cozens
		   ISBN 1-930110-82-0 [1st edition August 2002]
		   http://www.manning.com/jenness

		   Perl Debugger Pocket Reference
		   by Richard Foley
		   ISBN 0-596-00503-2 [1st edition January 2004]
		   http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perldebugpr/

       Which magazines have Perl content?

       The first (and for a long time, only) periodical devoted to All Things
       Perl, The Perl Journal contains tutorials, demonstrations, case stud-
       ies, announcements, contests, and much more.  TPJ has columns on web
       development, databases, Win32 Perl, graphical programming, regular
       expressions, and networking, and sponsors the Obfuscated Perl Contest
       and the Perl Poetry Contests.  Beginning in November 2002, TPJ moved to
       a reader-supported monthly e-zine format in which subscribers can down-
       load issues as PDF documents. For more details on TPJ, see
       http://www.tpj.com/

       Beyond this, magazines that frequently carry quality articles on Perl
       are The Perl Review ( http://www.theperlreview.com ), Unix Review (
       http://www.unixreview.com/ ), Linux Magazine ( http://www.linux-
       magazine.com/ ), and Usenix's newsletter/magazine to its members,
       login: ( http://www.usenix.org/ )

       The Perl columns of Randal L. Schwartz are available on the web at
       http://www.stonehenge.com/merlyn/WebTechniques/ , http://www.stone-
       henge.com/merlyn/UnixReview/ , and http://www.stonehenge.com/mer-
       lyn/LinuxMag/ .

       What mailing lists are there for Perl?

       Most of the major modules (Tk, CGI, libwww-perl) have their own mailing
       lists.  Consult the documentation that came with the module for sub-
       scription information.

       A comprehensive list of Perl related mailing lists can be found at:

	       http://lists.perl.org/

       Where are the archives for comp.lang.perl.misc?

       The Google search engine now carries archived and searchable newsgroup
       content.

       http://groups.google.com/groups?group=comp.lang.perl.misc

       If you have a question, you can be sure someone has already asked the
       same question at some point on c.l.p.m. It requires some time and
       patience to sift through all the content but often you will find the
       answer you seek.

       Where can I buy a commercial version of perl?

       In a real sense, perl already is commercial software: it has a license
       that you can grab and carefully read to your manager. It is distributed
       in releases and comes in well-defined packages. There is a very large
       user community and an extensive literature.  The comp.lang.perl.*
       newsgroups and several of the mailing lists provide free answers to
       your questions in near real-time.  Perl has traditionally been sup-
       ported by Larry, scores of software designers and developers, and myr-
       iad programmers, all working for free to create a useful thing to make
       life better for everyone.

       However, these answers may not suffice for managers who require a pur-
       chase order from a company whom they can sue should anything go awry.
       Or maybe they need very serious hand-holding and contractual obliga-
       tions.  Shrink-wrapped CDs with perl on them are available from several
       sources if that will help.  For example, many Perl books include a dis-
       tribution of perl, as do the O'Reilly Perl Resource Kits (in both the
       Unix flavor and in the proprietary Microsoft flavor); the free Unix
       distributions also all come with perl.

       Where do I send bug reports?

       If you are reporting a bug in the perl interpreter or the modules
       shipped with Perl, use the perlbug program in the Perl distribution or
       mail your report to perlbug@perl.org or at http://rt.perl.org/perlbug/
       .

       For Perl modules, you can submit bug reports to the Request Tracker set
       up at http://rt.cpan.org .

       If you are posting a bug with a non-standard port (see the answer to
       "What platforms is perl available for?"), a binary distribution, or a
       non-standard module (such as Tk, CGI, etc), then please see the docu-
       mentation that came with it to determine the correct place to post
       bugs.

       Read the perlbug(1) man page (perl5.004 or later) for more information.

       What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?

       Perl.com at http://www.perl.com/ is part of the O'Reilly Network, a
       subsidiary of O'Reilly Media.

       The Perl Foundation is an advocacy organization for the Perl language
       which maintains the web site http://www.perl.org/ as a general advocacy
       site for the Perl language. It uses the domain to provide general sup-
       port services to the Perl community, including the hosting of mailing
       lists, web sites, and other services.  The web site
       http://www.perl.org/ is a general advocacy site for the Perl language,
       and there are many other sub-domains for special topics, such as

	       http://learn.perl.org/
	       http://use.perl.org/
	       http://jobs.perl.org/
	       http://lists.perl.org/

       Perl Mongers uses the pm.org domain for services related to Perl user
       groups, including the hosting of mailing lists and web sites.  See the
       Perl user group web site at http://www.pm.org/ for more information
       about joining, starting, or requesting services for a Perl user group.

       http://www.cpan.org/ is the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network, a
       replicated worldwide repository of Perl software, see the What is CPAN?
       question earlier in this document.

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT
       Copyright (c) 1997-2006 Tom Christiansen, Nathan Torkington, and other
       authors as noted. All rights reserved.

       This documentation is free; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
       under the same terms as Perl itself.

       Irrespective of its distribution, all code examples here are in the
       public domain.  You are permitted and encouraged to use this code and
       any derivatives thereof in your own programs for fun or for profit as
       you see fit.  A simple comment in the code giving credit to the FAQ
       would be courteous but is not required.



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